Tabariyah
| Tabariyah | |
 | |
  Tabariyah |
|
| Daerah | |
| Kerajaan | Bandar (from 1948) |
| Ibrani |  טְבֶרְיָה (bantuan·maklumat)
|
| Arab | طبرية |
| Maksud nama | Kota Tiberius |
| Juga dieja | Tverya (officially) |
| Populasi | 39,700[1] (2007) |
| Luas | 10,872 dunam (10.872 km2; 4.198 bt2) |
| Diasaskan pada | c. 20 CE |
| Koordinat | 32°47′23″N 35°31′29″E / 32.78972°N 35.52472°EKoordinat: 32°47′23″N 35°31′29″E / 32.78972°N 35.52472°E |
| Tapak web | www.tiberias.muni.il |
Tabariyah (Arab: طَبَرِيَّا, rumi: Ṭabariyyā atau طَبَرِيَّة Ṭabariyyah, Ibrani: טְבֶרְיָה,
Ia didirikan Herodes pada 20 TM yang kemudiannya dinamakan sempena Maharaja Tiberius.[3] Ia menjadi tumpuan banyak orang Yahudi selatan Syam ("tanah Israel") yang diusir dari Yerusalem yang musnah berikutan peperangan menentang empayar Rom dari 66 hingga 135 Masihi. Pada abad-abad kedua hingga sepuluh Masihi, ia menjadi kota diduduki Yahudi terpesat di rantau Jalil. Banyak penulisan utama anutan Yahudi yakni Masnah dan Talmud dibukukan di sana[4] sekaligus menjadi antara empat kota utama ditumpukan umat Yahudi selain Yerusalem, Khalil dan Safad.[5] Ia menjadi ibukota daerah Urdun sepanjang zaman kerajaan Rasyidin, Umayyah, Abbasiyyah dan Fatimiyah yang menyaksikan pembangunan hebat sebagai suatu tempat perdagangan sampailah peralihan kuasa ke Safad pada zaman Kesultanan Mamluk.[3]
Perang saudara yang meletus dan merebak menjadi fasa pertama Nakbah berikutan pengumuman Pelan Pembahagian Palestin oleh Pertubuhan Bangsa-bangsa Bersatu menyebabkan warga Arab yang diancam serangan Ganah terpaksa dipindahkan keluar oleh pihak Bermandat yang turut menghalang dari masuk semula.[6][7] Banyak orang Yahudi yang berhijrah ke sini atas petempatan dijanjikan Israel yang merobohkan banyak binaan Kota Lama di sana.[8][7]
Rujukan
[sunting | sunting sumber]- ^ "Table 3 - Population of Localities Numbering Above 1,000 Residents and Other Rural Population" (PDF). Israel Central Bureau of Statistics. 2008-06-30. Dicapai pada 2008-10-18.
- ^ digunakan umat Kristian terutamanya, lihat di Borneo dan SABDA
- ^ a b Hirschfeld, Y. (2007). Post-Roman Tiberias: between East and West. Post-Roman Towns, Trade and Settlement in Europe and Byzantium: Byzantium, Pliska, and the Balkans, 5, p. 193–204.
- ^ Conder and Kitchener 1881, SWP I, p. 419-420 "The Sanhedrim, after several removes, came to Tiberias about the middle of the second century, under the celebrated Rabbi Judah Hakkodesh, and from this time Tiberias became the central point of Jewish learning for several centuries. It was here that both the Mishna and the Gemara were compiled."
- ^ "PALESTINE, HOLINESS OF". Jewish Encyclopedia. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 2011-10-14. Dicapai pada 2009-09-21.
- ^ Abbasi, Mustafa (2008-04-01). "The end of Arab Tiberias: the Arabs of Tiberias and the Battle for the City in 1948". Journal of Palestine Studies. Informa UK Limited. 37 (3): 6–29. doi:10.1525/jps.2008.37.3.6. ISSN 0377-919X.
- ^ a b Rabinowitz, Dan; Monterescu, Daniel (2008-05-01). "Reconfiguring the "Mixed Town": Urban Transformations of Ethnonational Relations in Palestine and Israel". International Journal of Middle East Studies. 40 (2): 195–226. doi:10.1017/S0020743808080513. ISSN 1471-6380. S2CID 162633906.
The first mixed town forcibly emptied of its Palestinian residents was Tiberias, the 5,770 Palestinian inhabitants of which were driven out – mostly on buses – on 16 and 17 April 1948, when the town was taken by Jewish Hagana forces. ... In Tiberias, the demise of the Palestinian community was coupled in early 1949 with mass destruction of their old properties. By March the Israeli army had blown up and bulldozed 477 of the 696 buildings in the old city,&S
- ^ Abbasi, Dr Mustafa (2008). "THE WAR ON THE MIXED CITIES: THE DEPOPULATION OF ARAB TIBERIAS AND THE DESTRUCTION OF ITS OLD, 'SACRED' CITY (1948–9)". Holy Land Studies. Edinburgh University Press. 7 (1): 45–80. doi:10.3366/e1474947508000061. ISSN 1474-9475.
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