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{{Infobox country
| conventional_long_name = Praja Thai
| common_name            = Thai
| native_name            = {{ubl|{{native name|th|ราชอาณาจักรไทย|italics=off}}|{{lang|th-Latn|Ratcha-anachak Thai}}}}
| image_flag             = Flag of Thailand.svg
| image_coat             = Garuda Emblem of Thailand.svg
| symbol_type            = Emblem
| national_motto         = 
| national_anthem        = ''[[Phleng Chat|Phleng Chat Thai]]''<br />({{lang-jv|"Lagu kabangsan Thai"}})<div style="padding-top:0.5em;">[[File:Thai National Anthem - US Navy Band.ogg|center]]</div>
| royal_anthem           = ''[[Phleng Sansasoen Phra Barami]]''<br />({{lang-jv|"Mulya Pakurmatanipun"}})<div style="padding-top:0.5em;">[[File:Thai Royal Anthem - US Navy Band.ogg|center]]</div>
| image_map              = {{Switcher|[[File:Thailand (orthographic projection).svg|frameless]]|Show globe|[[File:Location Thailand ASEAN.svg|upright=1.15|frameless]]|Show map of ASEAN|default=1}}
| map_caption            = {{map caption |location_color= green |region= Asia |region_color= dark grey |subregion= [[ASEAN]]
| subregion_color = light green}}
| capital                = [[Bangkok]]
| coordinates            = {{Coord|13|45|N|100|29|E|type:city}}
| largest_city           = [[Bangkok]]
| official_languages     = [[Thai language|Thai]]<ref name=CIA>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/thailand/|title=Thailand - The World Factbook|website=www.cia.gov|access-date=2021-09-01}}</ref><!--Thai is the official language. English is a non-official secondary language.-->
| languages_type         = Spoken languages
| languages              = {{hlist|[[Isan language|Isan]]|[[Northern Thai language|Kam Mueang]]|[[Southern Thai language|Pak Tai]]}}
| ethnic_groups          = {{unbulleted list
  | {{nowrap|86% [[Thai people|Thais]]}}<br />{{nowrap|&nbsp;'''∟''' 39% [[Thai people|Central Thai]]}}<br />{{nowrap|&nbsp;'''∟''' 28% [[Isan people|Thai Lao (Isan)]]}}<br />{{nowrap|&nbsp;'''∟''' 10% [[Northern Thai people|Khon Muang]]}} <br />{{nowrap|&nbsp;'''∟''' 9% [[Thai people|Southern Thai]]}} <br />{{nowrap|3% [[Northern Khmer people|Khmer]]}} <br />{{nowrap|2% [[Thai Malays|Malays]]}}
  | 9% Other [[Ethnic groups in Thailand|<small> (68 minority ethnic groups) </small>]] </small>
}}
| ethnic_groups_ref      = <ref name="Springer">{{cite journal |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/330368922 |author1=John Draper |author2=Joel Sawat Selway |title=A New Dataset on Horizontal Structural Ethnic Inequalities in Thailand in Order to Address Sustainable Development Goal 10 |journal=Social Indicators Research |page=284 |volume=141 |issue=4 |date=January 2019 |doi=10.1007/s11205-019-02065-4 |s2cid=149845432 |access-date=6 Feb 2020}}</ref>
| demonym                = [[Demographics of Thailand|Thai]]<br />[[Wong Thai|Siamese]] (historic)
| government_type        = [[Unitary state|Unitary]] [[Parliamentary system|parliamentary]] [[Monarki konstitusional]]
| leader_title1          = [[Raja Thailand|Raja]]
| leader_name1           = [[Maha Vajiralongkorn]]/Rama X
| leader_title2          = [[Nayakotama Thailand|Nayakotama]]
| leader_name2           = [[Prayut Chan-o-cha]]
| leader_title3          = 
| leader_name3           = 
| leader_title4          = 
| leader_name4           = 
| legislature            = [[Dewan Nasional]]
| upper_house            = [[Senat]]
| lower_house            = [[House of Representatives (Thailand)|House of Representatives]]
| sovereignty_type       = [[History of Thailand|Formation]]
| established_event1     = [[Krajan Sukhothai]]
| established_date1      = 1238–1448
| established_event2     = [[Krajan Ayutthaya]]
| established_date2      = 1351–1767
| established_event3     = [[Krajan Thonburi]]
| established_date3      = 1768–1782
| established_event4     = [[Krajan Rattanakosin]]
| established_date4      = 6 April 1782
| established_event5     = {{nowrap|[[Siamese revolution of 1932|diganti dadi Monarki Konstitusional]]}}
| established_date5      = 24 June 1932
| established_event6     = {{nowrap|[[Constitution of Thailand|Konstitusi saiki]]}}
| established_date6      = 6 April 2017
| area_km2               = 513,120
| area_rank              = 50th
| area_sq_mi             = 198,115 <!--Do not remove per [[WP:Manual of Style/Dates and numbers]]-->
| percent_water          = {{nowrap|0.4 (2,230 km{{smallsup|2}})}}
| population_estimate    = {{increase}} 66,558,935<ref name="2019PopEst">{{cite web|url=http://www.ratchakitcha.soc.go.th/DATA/PDF/2563/E/024/T_0017.PDF|title=Population of the entire kingdom, following the evidence from the population registration on the 31st of December 2019|publisher=Royal Thai Government Gazette|date=30 January 2020|access-date=12 June 2020|archive-date=16 February 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200216031410/http://www.ratchakitcha.soc.go.th/DATA/PDF/2563/E/024/T_0017.PDF|url-status=dead}}</ref>
| population_census      = 64,785,909<ref>{{in lang|th}} National Statistics Office, [http://popcensus.nso.go.th/doc/8-thailand%20census.doc "100th anniversary of population censuses in Thailand: Population and housing census 2010: 11th census of Thailand"] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120712002347/http://popcensus.nso.go.th/doc/8-thailand%20census.doc |date=12 July 2012}}. popcensus.nso.go.th.</ref>
| population_estimate_year = 2019
| population_estimate_rank = 22nd
| population_census_year = 2010
| population_census_rank = 21st
| population_density_km2 = 132.1
| population_density_sq_mi = 342 <!--Do remove per [[WP:Manual of Style/Dates and numbers]]-->
| population_density_rank = 88th
| GDP_PPP                = $1.390 trillion<ref name=imf2>{{cite web |url=https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2019/01/weodata/weorept.aspx?pr.x=51&pr.y=17&sy=2017&ey=2024&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&c=578&s=NGDPD%2CPPPGDP%2CNGDPDPC%2CPPPPC&grp=0&a= |title=Thailand |publisher=[[International Monetary Fund]] |access-date=22 April 2019 |url-status=bot: unknown |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200608141025/https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2019/01/weodata/weorept.aspx?pr.x=51&pr.y=17&sy=2017&ey=2024&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&c=578&s=NGDPD,PPPGDP,NGDPDPC,PPPPC&grp=0&a= |archive-date=8 June 2020 }}</ref>
| GDP_PPP_year           = 2019
| GDP_PPP_rank           = 
| GDP_PPP_per_capita     = $20,474<ref name=imf2 />
| GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank = 
| GDP_nominal            = {{nowrap|$516 billion}}<ref name=imf2 /><ref name="NESDBFeb2018">{{cite web |url=http://www.nesdb.go.th/nesdb_en/ewt_dl_link.php?nid=4360&filename=Macroeconomic_Planning |title=Thai Economic Performance in Q4 and 2017 and Outlook for 2018 |publisher=[[National Economic and Social Development Board]] |access-date=21 February 2018 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180222043705/http://www.nesdb.go.th/nesdb_en/ewt_dl_link.php?nid=4360&filename=Macroeconomic_Planning |archive-date=22 February 2018 }}</ref>
| GDP_nominal_year       = 2019
| GDP_nominal_rank       = 
| GDP_nominal_per_capita = $7,607<ref name=imf2 /><ref name="NESDBFeb2018" />
| GDP_nominal_per_capita_rank = 
| Gini                   = 36 <!--number only-->
| Gini_year              = 2015
| Gini_change            = <!--increase/decrease/steady-->
| Gini_ref               = <ref name="wb-gini">{{cite web |url=https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SI.POV.GINI?locations=TH |title=Gini Index |publisher=World Bank |access-date=3 December 2017 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171204065819/https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SI.POV.GINI?locations=TH |archive-date=4 December 2017 }}</ref>
| Gini_rank              = 
| HDI                    = 0.777 <!--number only-->
| HDI_year               = 2019<!-- Please use the year to which the data refers, not the publication year-->
| HDI_change             = increase<!--increase/decrease/steady-->
| HDI_ref                = <ref name="UNHDR">{{cite web|url=http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/hdr2020.pdf|title=Human Development Report 2020|language=en|publisher=[[United Nations Development Programme]]|date=December 15, 2020|access-date=December 15, 2020|format=PDF}}</ref>
| HDI_rank               = 79th
| currency               = [[Thai baht|Baht]] (฿)
| currency_code          = THB
| time_zone              = [[UTC+07:00|ICT]]
| utc_offset             = +7
| drives_on              = [[Left- and right-hand traffic|left]]
| calling_code           = [[Telephone numbers in Thailand|+66]]
| cctld                  = {{hlist |[[.th]] |[[.ไทย]]}}
| religion               = {{ublist |item_style=white-space:nowrap; |94.50% [[Buda]] |4.29% [[Islam]] |1.17% [[Kristen]] |0.03% [[Hindu]] |0.01% [[Liyane]]<ref name="auto">{{cite web |url=http://web.nso.go.th/en/survey/popchan/data/2015-2016-Statistical%20tables%20PDF.pdf |title=Population by religion, region and area, 2015 |publisher=NSO |access-date=12 October 2017 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171210020110/http://web.nso.go.th/en/survey/popchan/data/2015-2016-Statistical%20tables%20PDF.pdf |archive-date=10 December 2017 }}</ref>}}
}}

'''Praja Thai''' {{efn|{{lang-th|ประเทศไทย}}}}, kadhang kala ugi sinebat '''Mueang Taek''', punika nagari wonten ing [[Asia Kidul-Wétan]] ingkang wewatesan kaliyan [[Laos]] lan [[Kamboja]] ing sisih wétan, [[Malaysia]] lan [[Lempongan Siam]] ing sisih kidul, lan [[Myanmar]] lan [[Laut Andaman]] ing sisih kulon. Thai ing mangsa rumiyin dipunwastani '''Siyem''' (Ind: Siam) ngantos tanggal [[11 Mèi]] [[1949]]. Tembung "Thai" (''ไทย'') ateges "kaluwaran" ing [[basa Thai]], nanging ugi saged ngrembag dhateng [[suku Taek|sukuwangsa Taek]], mila asmanipun ''Siam'' taksih kaginakaken wonten ing golongan tiyang Thai utaminipun kaum minoritas Tionghoa.

Sakajengipun mangsa [[1973 Thai popular uprising|demokrasi parlementer cekak]] wonten ing pertengahan taun 1970-an, Thailand kala-kala gantos-gantos antawisipun [[demokrasi]] lan [[Military dictatorship|panguwasaan militèr]]. Wiwit taun 2000-an, nagari punika kacangkram wonten ing konflik politik pait antawisipun pendhukung lan lawanipun [[Thaksin Shinawatra]], ingkang ngasilaken rong [[Coup d'état|kudeta]] (ing [[2006 Thai coup d'état|2006]] lan [[2014 Thai coup d'état|2014]]), salajengipun ngadegaken [[Constitution of Thailand#2017 Constitution|konstitusi saiki]], pamaréntahan [[Hybrid regime|demokrasi nomènklatur]] sawisé [[2019 Thai general election|pemilu umum Thai 2019]], lan [[2020–2021 Thai protests|demo pro-demokrasi gedhé wonten ing taun 2020–2021]] ingkang kalebet panjalukan ora lumrah kanggé réformasi monarki. Wiwit taun 2019, sacara nomènklatur minangka [[Parliamentary system|sistem parlementer]] [[constitutional monarchy|monarki konstitusional]]; nanging ing praktik, kauntungan struktural ing konstitusi mastikaken yèn pengaruh militèr taksih lestari wonten ing politik.<ref name="military rule">
*{{cite news |last1=Abuza |first1=Zachary |title=Thailand's Constitutional Dictatorship Weathers the Storm |url=https://thediplomat.com/2021/09/thailands-constitutional-dictatorship-weathers-the-storm/ |access-date=14 March 2022 |work=[[The Diplomat]] |date=27 September 2021}}
*{{cite journal |last1=Glassman |first1=Jim |title=Lineages of the Authoritarian State in Thailand: Military Dictatorship, Lazy Capitalism and the Cold War Past as Post-Cold War Prologue |journal=[[Journal of Contemporary Asia]] |date=2020 |volume=50 |issue=4 |pages=571–592 |doi=10.1080/00472336.2019.1688378 |s2cid=211436855 |doi-access=free }}
*{{cite news |last1=Bandow |first1=Doug |title=Thailand's Military Is Getting Ready for Another Crackdown |url=https://foreignpolicy.com/2020/12/03/thailand-military-crackdown-protests-biden/ |access-date=14 March 2022 |work=[[Foreign Policy]] |date=3 December 2020}}</ref>

Thailand punika daya [[middle power]] wonten ing urusan global lan satunggalipun pendhiri [[ASEAN]], lan gadhah peringkat dhuwur wonten ing [[Human Development Index]]. Nagari punika gadhah ékonomi [[Economy of Thailand|kedadosan dhuwur]] ing Asia Kidul-Wétan lan peringkat [[List of countries by GDP (PPP)|kaping 23 ing donya]] miturut [[purchasing power parity|PPP]] lan peringkat [[List of countries by GDP (nominal) per capita|kaping 91 miturut GDP nominal]] per kapita. Thailand dipunkategorikaken minangka ékonomi [[newly industrialised economy]], kanthi sektor utama ing pabrikasi, pertanian, lan [[Tourism in Thailand|pariwisata]].<ref name="middleIncomeCountry">[http://www.worldbank.or.th/WBSITE/EXTERNAL/COUNTRIES/EASTASIAPACIFICEXT/THAILANDEXTN/0,,menuPK:333304pagePK:141132piPK:141121~theSitePK:333296,00.html Thailand and the World Bank] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051216004454/http://www.worldbank.or.th/WBSITE/EXTERNAL/COUNTRIES/EASTASIAPACIFICEXT/THAILANDEXTN/0,,menuPK:333304~pagePK:141132~piPK:141121~theSitePK:333296,00.html |date=16 December 2005}}, World Bank on Thailand country overview.</ref><ref name="GuardianThailandOverview">''The Guardian'', [https://www.theguardian.com/country-profile/thailand Country profile: Thailand] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100523002651/http://www.guardian.co.uk/country-profile/thailand |date=23 May 2010 }}, 25 April 2009.</ref>

== Sajarah ==
Wiwitaning Nagari Thai kanthi tradhisional kaiket karo kraton ingkang gadhah umur cendhak, [[Kraton Sukhothay]] ingkang katindakaken ing taun [[1238]]. Kraton punika lajeng dipun lanjutaken déning [[Kraton Ayutthaya]] ingkang dipun tindakaken ing tengahan [[abad angka 14]] lan kanthi ukuran langkung ageng tinimbang Sukhothay. Kabudayan Nagari Thai katitik dipun pengaruh déning [[Tiongkok]] lan [[India|Barata]]. Hubungan kaliyan sawetawis negari ageng ing [[Éropah|Éropa]] dipun wiwiti ing [[abad angka 16]] nanging sanadyan pikantuk paprentahan ingkang kuwat, Nagari Thai tansah eling minangka satunggaling negari ing [[Asia Kidul-wétan]] ingkang mboten naté dipun jajah déning negari Éropa, sanadyan pengaruh Kulon, kalebet ancaman panguwasa, nggadhahi pangaruh ing [[abad angka 19]] lan wontenipun kaluwargan tumrap sudagar-sudagar Inggris.

===Sajarah Kontemporer===
Satunggaling revolusi damai ing taun [[1932]] nyababaken wiwitanipun [[monarki konstitusional]]. Sadèrèngipun dipun wastani kanthi asma ''Siam'', negari punika nggantos asma internasionalipun dados "Thailand" (Tanah Thai) ing taun [[1939]] lan kanggé saweg, sawisé kaping satunggal malih asmanipun dhateng asma ingkang langkung rumiyin pasca-[[Perang Donya II]]. Ing perang wau, Nagari Thai nggadhahi sekutu kaliyan [[Jepang]]; nanging nalika Perang Donya II rampung, Nagari Thai dados sekutu kaliyan [[Amérika Sarékat]]. Sawetawis [[kudeta]] kalampahan ing jaman-jaman sawisé rampung perang, nanging Nagari Thai wiwit owah dados negari [[dhémokrasi]] wiwit taun [[1980-an]].

Amargi wigatosipun krisis pengungsi Indochina, serangan tapel wates Vietnam ing Thailand, lan kesulitan ekonomi, [[Prem Tinsulanonda]] dados Perdana Menteri wiwit taun 1980 dumugi 1988. Para komunis mandhegake pemberontakan ing taun 1983. Masa kepemimpinan Prem dipunsebat minangka "setengah demokrasi" amargi Parlemen kasusun saking anggota Dewan sing dipunpilih sacara umum lan Senat sing dipunsuwun. Dekade 1980 ugi nderekaken campur tangan ningkataké saking raja, ingkang nyebabaken rong upaya kudeta ing taun [[1981]] lan [[1985]] inggih menika upaya gagal nglanggar Prem. Thailand nduweni Perdana Menteri sing dipunpilih sacara umum ing taun 1988.<ref name="bri31">{{cite web |url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Thailand/The-postwar-crisis-and-the-return-of-Phibunsongkhram#ref52686 |title=Partial democracy and the search for a new political order |website=Encyclopædia Britannica |access-date=11 March 2018 |archive-date=23 March 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180323005841/https://www.britannica.com/place/Thailand/The-postwar-crisis-and-the-return-of-Phibunsongkhram#ref52686 |url-status=live }}</ref>

[[Suchinda Kraprayoon]], ingkang dados pemimpin kudeta ing taun 1991 lan mratelakaken boten badhé dados Perdana Menteri,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Asw |url=https://www.hrw.org/reports/1993/WR93/Asw-11.htm |access-date=2023-08-08 |website=www.hrw.org}}</ref> dipunusulaken dados siji déning pamaréntahan koalisi mayoritas sawisé pemilu umum taun [[1992]]. Punika nyebabaken demonstrasi rakyat ing Bangkok, ingkang pungkasanipun kanthi tindak kekerasan militèr. Bhumibol campur tangan lan nandatangani undang-undang amnesti, lajeng Suchinda mundur.<ref>{{Cite journal |date=October 1992 |title=Thailand: The massacre in Bangkok |url=https://www.amnesty.org/en/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/asa390101992en.pdf |journal=Amnesty International}}</ref>
[[File:2010 09 19 red shirt protest bkk 09.JPG|thumb|right|[[United Front for Democracy Against Dictatorship]], Red Shirts, [[2010 Thai political protests|demonstrasi]] ing taun 2010]]
Krisis finansial Asia ing taun [[1997]] wiwitanipun ing Thailand lan ngeculaken 40 taun pertumbuhan ekonomi nagara tanpa kendala.<ref name="beyond">{{cite book |last= Warr |first= Peter |date= 2007 |title= Thailand Beyond the Crisis |publisher= Routledge Curzon |isbn= 978-1-134-54151-5}}</ref>{{rp|3}} Pamaréntahan Chuan Leekpai njupuk pinjaman saking IMF kanthi syarat-syarat ingkang boten populèr.<ref name="Wyatttrans">{{cite book |last= Wyatt |first= David K. |date= 2013 |title= Thailand: A Short History |trans-title= ประวัติศาสตร์ไทยฉบับสังเขป |url= |publisher= มูลนิธิโครงการตำราสังคมศาสตร์และมนุษยศาสตร์, มูลนิธิโตโยต้าประเทศไทย |language= th | translator-last1= ละอองศรี | translator-first1= กาญจนี |isbn= 978-616-7202-38-9}}</ref>{{failed verification|date=August 2019}}{{rp|576}} Partai populis [[Thai Rak Thai]], dipunpimpin déning Perdana Menteri [[Thaksin Shinawatra]], memimpin wiwit taun 2001 dumugi 2006. Kebijakanipun suksès ngirangi kemiskinan desa<ref name=autogenerated4>{{cite web |url=http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTTHAILAND/Resources/Economic-Monitor/2005nov-econ-full-report.pdf |title=Thailand Economic Monitor, November 2005 |access-date=19 February 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090902021039/http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTTHAILAND/Resources/Economic-Monitor/2005nov-econ-full-report.pdf |archive-date=2 September 2009 |url-status=dead }}</ref> lan ngawontenaken perawatan kesehatan universal ing nagari.<ref>Na Ranong, Viroj, Na Ranong, Anchana, Universal Health Care Coverage: Impacts of the 30-Baht Health Care Scheme on the Rural Poor in Thailand, TDRI Quarterly Review, September 2006</ref> Pemberontakan ing selatan Thailand mundhak wiwit taun 2004. Bencana gempa bumi lan tsunami Samudra Hindia ing taun [[2004]] ngetokake korban, utamané ing bagéyan kidul nagari. Demonstrasi rakyat marang Thaksin dipunpimpin déning [[People's Alliance for Democracy]] (PAD) wiwit masa jabatanipun minangka Perdana Menteri lan périodé kepemimpinipun pungkasan kanthi kudeta ing taun [[2006]]. Junta militèr nginstal pamaréntahan militèr ingkang lumampah setaun.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Connors |first=Michael K. |date=28 Nov 2008 |title=Thailand-Four elections and a coup |url=http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/10357710802480717 |journal=Australian Journal of International Affairs |language=en |volume=62 |issue=4 |pages=478, 483–484 |doi=10.1080/10357710802480717 |s2cid=154415628 |issn=1035-7718}}</ref>

Ing taun 2007, pamaréntahan sipil sing selaras karo Thaksin saking [[People's Power Party (Thailand)|People's Power Party]] (PPP) kapilih. [[2008 Thai political crisis|Protes liyané sing dipimpin PAD]] pungkasan kanthi pembubaran PPP, lan [[Democrat Party (Thailand)|Partai Démokrat]] nggantosaken kanthi pamaréntahan koalisi. Para pendhukung Thaksin saking [[United Front for Democracy Against Dictatorship]] (UDD) nindakaken demonstrasi ing [[2009]] lan [[2010]], kang pungkasanipun kanthi tindak kekerasan militèr sing nyebabaken luwih saking 70 korban sipil.<ref>Erawan EMS Center, [http://www.ems.bangkok.go.th/report/totaldead7-6-53.pdf รายชื่อผู้เสียชีวิตจากสถานการณ์การชุมนุมของกลุมนปช.] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120306172538/http://www.ems.bangkok.go.th/report/totaldead7-6-53.pdf |date=6 March 2012 }}</ref> Sasampunipun [[2011 Thai general election|pamilahan umum warsa 2011]], partai [[Populism|populis]] [[Pheu Thai Party]] menang mayoritas lan [[Yingluck Shinawatra]], adhi rayi Thaksin, dados pradana menteri. [[People's Democratic Reform Committee]] ngatur [[2013–2014 Thai political crisis|protès anti-Shinawatra sanèsipun]]{{efn|Salah satunggaling tujuan protès punika kanggé mbusak "rezim Thaksin". Wondéné {{cite news|title=Pemimpin protès Thai njlèntrèhaké panjaluk kanggé 'dewan rakyat'|url=http://www.china.org.cn/world/2013-12/04/content_30797670.htm|access-date=31 Mei 2014|newspaper=China.org.cn|date=4 Dhésèmber 2013}}}}{{Unreliable source?|date=Januari 2022}} sawisé partai panguwasa ngajokaken undhang-undhang amnesti ingkang badhé nguntungaké Thaksin.<ref name = senators_discuss_bill>{{cite news|title=Protès ing Thailand nalika senator-senator mirsani undhang-undhang amnesti|url=http://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/nov/11/thailand-protests-amnesty-bill|access-date=10 April 2019|newspaper=The Guardian|date=11 November 2013|archive-date=3 Dhésèmber 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131203121817/http://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/nov/11/thailand-protests-amnesty-bill|url-status=aktif}}</ref> Yingluck mbubaraken parlemèn lan [[2014 Thai general election|pamilahan umum]] kaaturan, nanging dipunbatalken déning [[Constitutional Court of Thailand|Pangadilan Konstitusi]]. Krisis punika rampung kalayan [[2014 Thai coup d'état|kudéta sanèsipun ing warsa 2014]].

Ingkang nyusul, [[National Council for Peace and Order]], junta militèr ingkang dipimpin déning Jendral [[Prayut Chan-o-cha]], njagi nagari dumugi warsa 2019. Hak-hak sipil lan politik kapunthèt, lan nagari punika ngalami tumuwuhing kasus-kasus [[lèse-majesté]]. Lawan-lawan politik lan para panyengkuyung dipunkintun dhateng kemah-kemah "panjèrèhan sikap";<ref name=":0">{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/02/08/world/asia/thailand-prime-minister-princess.html |title=Raja Thailand Nolak Calon Pradana Menteri Sadéréngipun Saudari |last=Beech |first=Hannah |date=8 Fèbruari 2019 |work=The New York Times |access-date=11 Fèbruari 2019 |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=13 Fèbruari 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190213075249/https://www.nytimes.com/2019/02/08/world/asia/thailand-prime-minister-princess.html |url-status=aktif }}</ref> punika dipunwastani déning para akademisi minangka tandha kemunculan fasisme.<ref>{{cite journal |last=Taylor |first=James |title=Kanan anyar Thailand, pambresihan sosial lan kemitraan militèr-monarki terusan |journal=Asian Journal of Comparative Politics |date=1 September 2021 |volume=6 |issue=3 |pages=253–273 |doi=10.1177/2057891120980835 |s2cid=234182253 |url=https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/2057891120980835 |issn=2057-8911 |access-date=18 November 2021 |archive-date=18 November 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211118123729/https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/2057891120980835 |url-status=aktif }}</ref> Bhumibol, raja ingkang paling dangu ngasta tahta ing Thailand, séda ing warsa 2016, lan putranipun [[Vajiralongkorn]] miyos dadi raja. Réferèndum lan pangadopsi konstitusi Thailand paling anyar lumampah ing sajroning pamaréntahan junta.{{efn|[[2016 Thai constitutional referendum]] kaaturan ing tanggal 7 Agustus 2016. Pangratanipun lumampah ing tanggal 6 April 2017.<ref>[https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2017/04/06/522878983/thai-king-signs-military-backed-constitution Raja Thai Nandatangani Konstitusi Pangrojong Militèr] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190410100145/https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2017/04/06/522878983/thai-king-signs-military-backed-constitution |date=10 April 2019 }}, [[National Public Radio]], 6 April 2017</ref>}} Junta ugi ngiket pamarentah masa ngajeng kanthi rancangan strategi nasional 20 taun ingkang sampun dipunatur, saéngga nagari punika tetep sajroning [[Guided democracy|démokrasi pandhuan militèr]].<ref>{{cite journal|last=Montesano|first=Michael J.|date=2019|title=Peranan Provinsi ing Strategi Nasional Dua Puluh Taun Thailand: Menjuang Démokrasi Komunitas ing Bangsa Dagang?|url=https://www.iseas.edu.sg/images/pdf/ISEAS_Perspective_2019_60.pdf |journal=ISEAS Perspective|volume=2019|issue=60|pages=1–11|access-date=23 Agustus 2020|archive-date=13 September 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200913092250/https://www.iseas.edu.sg/images/pdf/ISEAS_Perspective_2019_60.pdf|url-status=aktif}}</ref> Ing warsa 2019, junta sepakat kanggé nyadhiyakaké [[2019 Thai general election|pamilahan umum ing wulan Maret]].<ref name=":0" /> Prayut terus ngasta minangka pradana menteri kanthi dhukungan saking koalisi [[Palang Pracharath Party]] ing Dewan lan Senat ingkang kapilih déning junta, tengahing tuduhan kecurangan pamilahan.<ref>{{cite news |title=Hasil pamilahan Thailand dipunundur nalika tuduhan kecurangan nambah |url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2019-03-25/thailand-election-results-delayed-concerns-over-irregularities/10937910 |access-date=26 Maret 2019 |publisher=ABC News |date=25 Maret 2019 |archive-date=26 Maret 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190326035848/https://www.abc.net.au/news/2019-03-25/thailand-election-results-delayed-concerns-over-irregularities/10937910 |url-status=aktif }}</ref> [[2020–2021 Thai protests|Protès démokrasi 2020–21]] dipunguwuhaké déning tumuwuhing [[royal prerogative]], régrési démokrasi lan ékonomi saking dhukungan [[Royal Thai Armed Forces]] ingkang dipunrojong déning [[Monarchy of Thailand|monarki Thai]] sajroning sangandhapipun [[2014 Thai coup d'état]], bubaran partai pro-démokrasi [[Future Forward Party]], kiranging kapitadosan ing [[2019 Thai general election|pamilahan umum 2019]] lan sistèm politik saiki, lenyap lan sédanipun aktivis politik kalebet [[Wanchalearm Satsaksit]], lan skandal korupsi politik.

Demonstrasi pro-demokrasi [[2020–2021 Thai protests|2020–21]] dipicu amargi nambahé [[royal prerogative]], munduré démokrasi lan ékonomi saking dhukungan [[Royal Thai Armed Forces|Pasukan Bersenjata Kerajaan Thailand]] kang didhukung déning [[Monarchy of Thailand|monarki Thailand]] sawisé kudeta Thailand taun [[2014 Thai coup d'état|2014]], bubaran partai pro-demokrasi [[Future Forward Party]], ora percayané marang [[2019 Thai general election|pilpres Thailand 2019]] lan sistem politik saiki, lenyapé kanthi paksa lan patiné aktivis politik kalebu [[Wanchalearm Satsaksit]], lan skandal korupsi politik,<ref>{{cite news |title=Thai protesters stage biggest anti-government demonstration in years |url=https://www.france24.com/en/20200816-thai-protesters-stage-biggest-anti-government-demonstration-in-years |publisher=France 24 |date=16 August 2020 |access-date=20 September 2020 |archive-date=23 September 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200923205757/https://www.france24.com/en/20200816-thai-protesters-stage-biggest-anti-government-demonstration-in-years |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Thailand: youthful protesters break the kingdom's biggest political taboo |url=https://www.ft.com/content/e2e921b6-ff7d-4432-b272-959bc4f9ecc5 |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221210/https://www.ft.com/content/e2e921b6-ff7d-4432-b272-959bc4f9ecc5 |archive-date=10 December 2022 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live |work=Financial Times |date=27 August 2020}}</ref> kang nggawa panjalukan kang tanpa tandhing kanggo ngreformasi monarki<ref name=prachatai_11082020>{{cite news |title=[Full statement] The demonstration at Thammasat proposes monarchy reform |date=11 August 2020 |url=https://prachatai.com/english/node/8709 |access-date=23 August 2020 |work=Prachatai English |archive-date=20 August 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200820123613/https://prachatai.com/english/node/8709 |url-status=live}}</ref> lan rasa republikan paling dhuwur ing nagara kuwi.<ref>{{cite news |last=Cunningham |first=Philip J |title=An unexpectedly successful protest |url=https://www.bangkokpost.com/opinion/opinion/1990175/an-unexpectedly-successful-protest |access-date=24 September 2020 |work=Bangkok Post |archive-date=8 November 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201108024423/https://www.bangkokpost.com/opinion/opinion/1990175/an-unexpectedly-successful-protest |url-status=live }}</ref>

Ing wulan Mei 2023, oposisi reformis ing Thailand, partai [[Move Forward Party]] (MFP) lan partai populis [[Pheu Thai Party]], menang ing [[2023 Thai general election|pemilu umum]], teges partai-partai royalis-militer sing ndhukung Perdana Menteri Prayuth Chan-ocha kelangan kekuasaan.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Rasheed |first1=Zaheena |title='Impressive victory': Thai opposition crushes military parties |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/5/14/thailand-election-results-what-we-know-so-far |work=www.aljazeera.com |language=en}}</ref> Ing tanggal 22 Agustus 2023, [[Srettha Thavisin]] saking partai populis Pheu Thai, dados Perdana Menteri anyar Thailand, dene tokoh miliyarder partai Pheu Thai yaiku Thaksin Shinawatra bali menyang Thailand sawise pirang-pirang taun manggon ing pengasingan kanthi suka rela.<ref>{{cite news |title=Srettha Thavisin elected Thailand PM as Thaksin returns from exile |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/8/22/srettha-thavisin-elected-thailand-pm-as-thaksin-returns-from-exile |work=www.aljazeera.com |language=en}}</ref>

== Ekonomi ==
Sawisé nikmati rata-rata tuwuhing artatata (Ind: ekonomi) paling dhuwur ing donya wiwit taun [[1985]] nganti [[1995]]-rata-rata 9% per taun-papenet spekulatif kang mundhak marang dhuwit Praja Thai, [[Baht]], ing taun [[1997]] njalari krisis dhuwit lan meksa pamréntah ngambangaké Baht. Sawisé dipathok ing aji 25 Baht kanggo satu [[dolar AS]], Baht nggayuh titik paling cendhèk ing kurang luwih 56 Baht ing sasi Januari [[1998]] lan artatatané mudhun nganti 10,2% ing taun kang padha. Krisis iki sabanjuré sumrambah menyang kawasan Asia.

Praja Thai miwiti babak pemulihan ing taun [[1999]]; artatatané dadi kuwat watara 4,2% lan tuwuh 4,4% ing taun [[2000]], wujud asil saka èkspor kang kuwat-kang mundhak watara 20% ing taun 2000. Tuwuhing artatata ing taun [[2003]] dikira-kira 6,3%, lan 8% sarta 10% ing taun [[2004]] lan [[2005]].

Sèktor pariwisata mènèhi sumbangan kang gedhé marang artatata Praja Thai. Rawuhé wisatawan ing taun 2002 (10,9 yuta) nuduhaké angka kang mundhak 7,3% saka taun sadurungé (10,1 yuta).

== Pamérangan administratif ==
Praja Thai dipérang dadi 76 propinsi (''changwat''), kang diklumpukaké sajeroning 5 golongan propinsi. Jeneng saben propinsi asal saka jeneng kutha Kraton propinsiné.
{{col-begin}}
{{col-3}}
'''Lor'''
* [[Provinsi Chiang Mai|Chiang Mai]]
* [[Provinsi Chiang Rai|Chiang Rai]]
* [[Provinsi Kamphaeng Phet|Kamphaeng Phet]]
* [[Lampang]]
* [[Provinsi Lamphun|Lamphun]]
* [[Provinsi Mae Hong Son|Mae Hong Son]]
* [[Provinsi Nakhon Sawan|Nakhon Sawan]]
* [[Provinsi Nan|Nan]]
* [[Phayao]]
* [[Provinsi Phetchabun|Phetchabun]]
* [[Provinsi Phichit|Phichit]]
* [[Provinsi Phitsanulok|Phitsanulok]]
* [[Phrae]]
* [[Provinsi Sukhothai|Sukhothai]]
* [[Provinsi Tak|Tak]]
* [[Provinsi Uthai Thani|Uthai Thani]]
* [[Provinsi Uttaradit|Uttaradit]]

'''Wétan'''
* [[Provinsi Chachoengsao|Chachoengsao]]
* [[Provinsi Chanthaburi|Chanthaburi]]
* [[Provinsi Chonburi|Chonburi]]
* [[Provinsi Rayong|Rayong]]
* [[Provinsi Prachinburi|Prachinburi]]
* [[Provinsi Srakaeo|Srakaeo]]
* [[Provinsi Trat|Trat]]

'''Kidul'''
* [[Provinsi Chumphon|Chumphon]]
* [[Provinsi Krabi|Krabi]]
* [[Provinsi Nakhon Si Thammarat|Nakhon Si Thammarat]]
* [[Provinsi Narathiwat|Narathiwat]]
* [[Provinsi Pattani|Pattani]]
* [[Provinsi Phang Nga|Phang Nga]]
* [[Provinsi Phattalung|Phattalung]]
* [[Provinsi Phuket|Phuket]]
* [[Provinsi Ranong|Ranong]]
* [[Provinsi Satun|Satun]]
* [[Provinsi Songkhla|Songkhla]]
* [[Provinsi Surat Thani|Surat Thani]]
* [[Provinsi Trang|Trang]]
* [[Provinsi Yala|Yala]]

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'''Lor-wétan'''
* [[Provinsi Amnat Charoen|Amnat Charoen]]
* [[Provinsi Buriram|Buriram]]
* [[Provinsi Chaiyaphum|Chaiyaphum]]
* [[Provinsi Kalasin|Kalasin]]
* [[Provinsi Khon Kaen|Khon Kaen]]
* [[Provinsi Loei|Loei]]
* [[Provinsi Maha Sarakham|Maha Sarakham]]
* [[Provinsi Mukdahan|Mukdahan]]
* [[Provinsi Nakhon Phanom|Nakhon Phanom]]
* [[Provinsi Nakhon Ratchasima|Nakhon Ratchasima]]
* [[Provinsi Nongbua Lamphu|Nongbua Lamphu]]
* [[Provinsi Nong Khai|Nong Khai]]
* [[Provinsi Roi Et|Roi Et]]
* [[Provinsi Sakhon Nakhone|Sakhon Nakhon]]
* [[Provinsi Sisakete|Sisaket]]
* [[Provinsi Surin|Surin]]
* [[Provinsi Ubon Ratchathani|Ubon Ratchathani]]
* [[Provinsi Udon Thani|Udon Thani]]
* [[Provinsi Yasothon|Yasothon]]

'''Tengah'''
* [[Provinsi Ang Thong|Ang Thong]]
* [[Provinsi Ayutthaya|Ayutthaya]]
* [[Bangkok]]
* [[Provinsi Chainat|Chainat]]
* [[Provinsi Kanchanaburi|Kanchanaburi]]
* [[Provinsi Lopburi|Lopburi]]
* [[Provinsi Nakhon Nayok|Nakhon Nayok]]
* [[Provinsi Nakhon Pathom|Nakhon Pathom]]
* [[Provinsi Nonthaburi|Nonthaburi]]
* [[Provinsi Pathumthani|Pathumthani]]
* [[Provinsi Phetchaburi|Phetchaburi]]
* [[Provinsi Prachuap Khiri Khan|Prachuap Khiri Khan]]
* [[Provinsi Ratchaburi|Ratchaburi]]
* [[Provinsi Samut Prakan|Samut Prakan]]
* [[Provinsi Samut Sakhon|Samut Sakhon]]
* [[Provinsi Samut Songkhram|Samut Songkhram]]
* [[Provinsi Saraburi|Saraburi]]
* [[Provinsi Sing Buri|Sing Buri]]
* [[Provinsi Suphanburi|Suphanburi]]
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[[Gambar:Thailand map CIA.png|right|frame|Peta Praja Thai karo kutha-kutha wigati.]]
{{col-end}}

propinsi-propinsi mau sabanjuré dibagi manèh dadi 795 dhistrik (''[[Amphoe]]''), 81 sub-dhistrik (''King Amphoe'') lan 50 dhistrik Bangkok (khet) (gunggung nganti taun [[2000]]), lan dibagi-bagi manèh dadi 7.236 pariklumpuk (''[[Tambon]]''), 55.746 désa (''Muban''), 123 kotamadya (''Tesaban''), lan 729 dhistrik sanitasi (''Sukhaphiban'') (gunggung nganti taun [[1984]]).
<!--
== Geografi ==
{{utama|Geografi Thai}}

Praja Thai merupakan tempat terletaknya sawetara wewengkon geografis sing berbeda. Ing sebelah lor, keadaannya bergunung-gunung, lan titik tertingginya berada ing [[Doi Inthanon]] (2.576 m). Sebelah wétan laut terdiri dari [[Hamparan Khorat]], sing dibatasi ing wétan déning sungai [[Mekong]]. Wewengkon tengah nagara didominasi lembah sungai [[Chao Phraya]] sing hampir seluruhnya datar, lan mengalir ke [[Lempongan Thai]]. Ing sebelah kidul terdapat [[Tanah Genting Kra]] sing melebar ke [[Ujung Melayu]].

[[Cuaca]] setempat adalah tropis lan bercirikan [[monsun]]. Ada monsun hujan, hangat lan berawan dari sebelah kulon daya antara tengahan Mei lan September, serta monsun sing kering lan sejuk dari sebelah wétan laut dari November hingga tengahan Maret. Tanah genting ing sebelah kidul selalu panas lan lembab. Kota-kota gedhé selain ibu kota [[Bangkok]] kalebu [[Nakhon Ratchasima]], [[Nakhon Sawan]], [[Chiang Mai]], lan [[Songkhla]].

Praja Thai berbatasan karo [[Laos]] lan [[Myanmar]] ing sebelah lor, karo [[Malaysia]] lan [[Lempongan Siam]] ing kidul, karo Myanmar lan Laut Wétan ing kulon lan karo Laos lan [[Kamboja]] ing wétan. Koordinat geografisnya adalah 5°-21° [[Lintang Lor|LU]] lan 97°-106° [[Bujur Wétan|BT]]

== Pulitik ==
[[Gambar:Ananta Samakhom.jpg|right|thumb|250px|Balai Takhta Ananta Samakhom, gedung parlemen lama Praja Thai, ing Bangkok.]]
Sang raja mempunyai sedikit kekuasaan langsung ing bawah [[konstitusi]] nanging merupakan pelindung Buddhisme Praja Thai lan lambang jati diri lan persatuan bangsa. Raja sing memerintah saat iki dihormati karo gedhé lan dianggap minangka pemimpin dari segi moral, suatu hal sing telah dimanfaatkan ing sawetara kesempatan kanggo menyelesaikan krisis politik. [[kepala nagara]] adalah [[Nayakotama Thai|Nayakotama]], sing dilantik sang raja dari anggota-anggota [[parlemen]] lan biasanya adalah pemimpin parté mayoritas.
 
Parlemen Praja Thai sing menggunakan sistem dua kamar dinamakan [[Parlemen Thai|Majelis Nasional]] atau ''Rathasapha'' - รัฐสภา, sing terdiri dari Dewan Perwakilan (''Sapha Phuthaen Ratsadon'' - สภาผู้แทนราษฎร) sing beranggotakan 480 orang lan [[Senat]] (''Wuthisapha'' - วุฒิสภา) sing beranggotakan 150 orang. Anggota Dewan Perwakilan menjalani masa bakti selama empat taun, sementara para senator menjalani masa bakti selama enam taun. Badan [[kehakiman]] tertinggi adalah Mahkamah Agung (''Sandika'' - ศาลฎีกา), sing jaksanya dilantik déning raja. Praja Thai juga adalah anggota aktif dalam [[ASEAN]].

== Demografi ==
Populasi Praja Thai didominasi [[etnis Thai]] lan [[etnis Lao]], sing berjumlah 3/4 dari seluruh penduduk. Selain itu juga terdapat komunitas gedhé [[Tionghoa|etnis Tionghoa]] sing sacara sejarah memegang peranan sing gedhé dalam bidang ékonomi. Etnis lainnya kalebu etnis [[Melayu]] ing kidul, [[Mon]], [[Khmer]] lan berbagai suku [[orang bukit]].

Sekitar 95% penduduk Praja Thai adalah pemeluk agama [[Buddha]] aliran [[Buddha Theravada|Theravada]], nanging ada minoritas kecil pemeluk agama [[Islam]], [[Kristen]] lan [[Hindu]]. [[Bahasa Thai]] merupakan bahasa nasional Praja Thai, sing ditulis menggunakan [[huruf|aksaranya]] sendiri, tetepi ada banyak juga bahasa laladan lainnya. [[Bahasa Inggris]] juga diajarkan sacara luas ing sekolah.

== Budaya ==
[[Muay Thai]], sejenis [[seni bela diri]] [[kickboxing]] ala Praja Thai, adalah ulah raga nasional ing Praja Thai lan merupakan [[seni beladiri]] setempat. Popularitasnya memuncak ing seluruh donya ing taun [[1990-an]]. Ada pula seni beladiri sing mirip karo ''muay Thai'' ing nagara-nagara lain ing Asia Kidul-wétan.

Ucapan penyambutan sing umum ing Praja Thai adalah isyarat bernama ''wai'', sing gerakannya mirip karo gerakan sembahyang. Hal-hal sing tabu dilakukan ing antaranya menyentuh kepala seseorang lan menunjuk karo kaki, karena kepala lan kaki masing-masing merupakan bagian tubuh sing paling atas lan bawah.
 
Masakan Praja Thai mencampurkan empat macam rasa sing dasar: manis, pedas, asam lan asin.

== Ulah raga ==
Ajang ulah raga bergengsi ing Asia kidul-wétan [[Southeast Asian Games 2007]] diadakan ing [[Nakhon Ratchasima]], Praja Thai dari [[6 Desember]] sampai [[15 Desember]] [[2007]]. Iki merupakan keenam kalinya, Praja Thai dadi tuan rumah [[Southeast Asian Games]].
Lan ing [[Southeast Asian Games 2009]] Praja Thai memimpin klasemen ing posisi pertama<ref>[http://www.laoseagames2009.com/v1/index.aspx Sea Games 2009]</ref>.
-->

== Pranala njaba ==
{{Commons|Category:Thailand}}
* [http://www.thaigov.go.th/SPMThaiGov/thaigov/index-eng.htm Pamaréntah Kerajaan Thailand]-Situs resmi pamaréntah
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20061115234239/http://mog.software.free.fr/Thai/Radio.html Thai Radio]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20061108020642/http://mog.software.free.fr/Thai/TV.html Thai TV]
* [http://www.wisatathailand.com/ Otoritas Pariwisata Thailand]-Situs resmi pariwisata
{{wikivoyage|Thailand}}
* [http://www.i-library.org/index.php?option=com_content&task=category&sectionid=36&id=170&Itemid=77 Kliping Kudeta Militer Thailand September 2006] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080110232124/http://www.i-library.org/index.php?option=com_content&task=category&sectionid=36&id=170&Itemid=77 |date=2008-01-10 }}

{{Asia Kidul-wétan}}
{{ASEAN}}

<references />

[[Kategori:Thailand| ]]
[[Kategori:Karajan ing Asia Kidul-Wétan]]

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Dijupuk saka "https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thai"