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Public Policies and the Employment Dynamics among new Mothers - A Comparison of Finland, Norway and Sweden

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Abstract
This paper compares the employment patterns of women after first and second birth in Finland, Norway and Sweden during 1972-92, focusing on the impact of parental leave and childcare programs on the transitions to full-time and part-time work. The results unanimously point to the great importance of the programs. Women who are entitled to a paid leave resume employment faster than non-eligible women. As leave periods are prolonged the difference between the two groups diminishes but still prevails in the end of the study period. The higher entry risks for entitled mothers remain after controlling for own wage and spouse's income.

Suggested Citation

  • Marit Rønsen & Marianne Sundström, 1999. "Public Policies and the Employment Dynamics among new Mothers - A Comparison of Finland, Norway and Sweden," Discussion Papers 263, Statistics Norway, Research Department.
    • Handle: RePEc:ssb:dispap:263
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    File URL: https://www.ssb.no/a/publikasjoner/pdf/DP/dp263.pdf
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Gronau, Reuben, 1988. "Sex-Related Wage Differentials and Women's Interrupted Labor Careers--The Chicken or the Egg," Journal of Labor Economics, University of Chicago Press, vol. 6(3), pages 277-301, July.
    2. Hotz, V Joseph & Miller, Robert A, 1988. "An Empirical Analysis of Life Cycle Fertility and Female Labor Supply," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 56(1), pages 91-118, January.
    3. Ondrich, Jan & Spiess, C Katharina & Yang, Qing, 1996. "Barefoot and in a German Kitchen: Federal Parental Leave and Benefit Policy and the Return to Work after Childbirth in Germany," Journal of Population Economics, Springer;European Society for Population Economics, vol. 9(3), pages 247-266, August.
    4. James W. Albrecht & Per-Anders Edin & Marianne Sundström & Susan B. Vroman, 1999. "Career Interruptions and Subsequent Earnings: A Reexamination Using Swedish Data," Journal of Human Resources, University of Wisconsin Press, vol. 34(2), pages 294-311.
    5. Even, William E, 1987. "Career Interruptions Following Childbirth," Journal of Labor Economics, University of Chicago Press, vol. 5(2), pages 255-277, April.
    6. Arleen Leibowitz & Jacob Alex Klerman & Linda J. Waite, 1992. "Employment of New Mothers and Child Care Choice: Differences by Children's Age," Journal of Human Resources, University of Wisconsin Press, vol. 27(1), pages 112-133.
    7. Rebecca M. Blank, 1994. "Social Protection versus Economic Flexibility: Is There a Trade-Off?," NBER Books, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc, number blan94-1.
    8. repec:eme:rlepps:v:18:y:1999:i:1999:p:41-74 is not listed on IDEAS
    9. David Shapiro & Frank L. Mott, 1994. "Long-Term Employment and Earnings of Women in Relation to Employment Behavior Surrounding the First Birth," Journal of Human Resources, University of Wisconsin Press, vol. 29(2), pages 248-275.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

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    Cited by:

    1. Julie Moschion, 2007. "Reconciling work and family life: the effect of French family policies," Université Paris1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (Post-Print and Working Papers) halshs-00203211, HAL.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Female labor supply; maternity/parental leave; childcare; childbirth; hazard rate model;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • J22 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - Time Allocation and Labor Supply
    • J13 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics - - - Fertility; Family Planning; Child Care; Children; Youth

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