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A Unified Framework for Dynamic Treatment Effect Estimation in Interactive Fixed Effect Models

Author

Listed:
  • Nicholas Brown

    (Queen's University)

  • Kyle Butts

    (University of Colorado Boulder, Economics Department)

Abstract
We present a unifying identification strategy of dynamic average treatment effect parameters for staggered interventions when parallel trends are valid only after controlling for interactive fixed effects. This setting nests the usual parallel trends assumption, but allows treated units to have heterogeneous exposure to unobservable macroeconomic trends. We show that any estimator that is consistent for the unobservable trends up to a non-singular rotation can be used to consistently estimate heterogeneous dynamic treatment effects. This result can apply to data sets with either many or few pre-treatment time periods. We also demonstrate the robustness of two-way fixed effects imputation to certain parallel trends violations and provide a test for its consistency. A quasi-long-differencing estimator is proposed and implemented to estimate the effect of Walmart openings on local economic conditions.

Suggested Citation

  • Nicholas Brown & Kyle Butts, 2022. "A Unified Framework for Dynamic Treatment Effect Estimation in Interactive Fixed Effect Models," Working Paper 1495, Economics Department, Queen's University.
    • Handle: RePEc:qed:wpaper:1495
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.econ.queensu.ca/sites/econ.queensu.ca/files/wpaper/qed_wp_1495.pdf
    File Function: First version 2022
    Download Restriction: no
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Timo Schenk, 2023. "Time-Weighted Difference-in-Differences: Accounting for Common Factors in Short T Panels," Tinbergen Institute Discussion Papers 23-004/III, Tinbergen Institute.
    2. Gregory Faletto, 2023. "Fused Extended Two-Way Fixed Effects for Difference-in-Differences With Staggered Adoptions," Papers 2312.05985, arXiv.org, revised Oct 2024.
    3. Nicholas Brown & Kyle Butts & Joakim Westerlund, 2023. "Simple Difference-in-Differences Estimation in Fixed-T Panels," Papers 2301.11358, arXiv.org, revised Jun 2023.
    4. Callaway, Brantly & Li, Tong, 2023. "Policy evaluation during a pandemic," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 236(1).
    5. Arboleda Cárcamo, David, 2024. "Fitting a Curve to the Pre-Trends," Documentos CEDE 21199, Universidad de los Andes, Facultad de Economía, CEDE.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    factor model; panel treatment effect; causal inference; fixed-T;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • C13 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Econometric and Statistical Methods and Methodology: General - - - Estimation: General
    • C21 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Single Equation Models; Single Variables - - - Cross-Sectional Models; Spatial Models; Treatment Effect Models
    • C23 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Single Equation Models; Single Variables - - - Models with Panel Data; Spatio-temporal Models
    • C26 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Single Equation Models; Single Variables - - - Instrumental Variables (IV) Estimation

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