[go: up one dir, main page]
IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/p/pra/mprapa/121287.html
   My bibliography  Save this paper

Environmental Impact of Business Freedom and Renewable Energy: A Global Perspective

Author

Listed:
  • Audi, Marc
  • Ali, Amjad
Abstract
This research has examined the impact of business freedom on environmental degradation in developed and developing countries from 2000 to 2022. Panel least squares and generalized method of moments have been applied for empirical analysis. Our findings show that both business freedom and renewable energy consumption have a significant and detrimental influence on environmental degradation in both developed and developing nations. Furthermore, our findings highlight the significant influence of financial development on environmental degradation in both the whole sample and developing nations. Urbanization, on the other hand, has a significant impact on environmental degradation in both developed and developing nations. Interestingly, financial development has a negative and significant impact on environmental degradation in developed nations, while energy consumption has a notable positive and significant relationship with environmental degradation across the board. These findings suggest that the encouragement of entrepreneurial independence and the use of renewable energy sources might be helpful ways for mitigating environmental damage. Addressing the negative consequences of urbanization on the environment is also critical. The short-run dynamics give useful insight for developing tailored strategies to establish a sustainable balance between economic expansion and environmental preservation at the same time.

Suggested Citation

  • Audi, Marc & Ali, Amjad, 2024. "Environmental Impact of Business Freedom and Renewable Energy: A Global Perspective," MPRA Paper 121287, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    • Handle: RePEc:pra:mprapa:121287
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/121287/1/MPRA_paper_121287.pdf
    File Function: original version
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    Other versions of this item:

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Tomiwa Sunday Adebayo & Mary Oluwatoyin Agboola & Husam Rjoub & Ibrahim Adeshola & Ephraim Bonah Agyekum & Nallapaneni Manoj Kumar, 2021. "Linking Economic Growth, Urbanization, and Environmental Degradation in China: What Is the Role of Hydroelectricity Consumption?," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(13), pages 1-14, June.
    2. Gene M. Grossman & Alan B. Krueger, 1995. "Economic Growth and the Environment," The Quarterly Journal of Economics, President and Fellows of Harvard College, vol. 110(2), pages 353-377.
    3. Yongming Wang & Irfan Uddin & Yingmei Gong, 2021. "Nexus between Natural Resources and Environmental Degradation: Analysing the Role of Income Inequality and Renewable Energy," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(15), pages 1-20, July.
    4. Amjad Ali & Marc Audi & Ismail Senturk & Yannick Roussel, 2022. "Do Sectoral Growth Promote CO2 Emissions in Pakistan? Time Series Analysis in Presence of Structural Break," International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, Econjournals, vol. 12(2), pages 410-425, March.
    5. Amjad Ali & Marc Audi, 2016. "The Impact of Income Inequality, Environmental Degradation and Globalization on Life Expectancy in Pakistan: An Empirical Analysis," International Journal of Economics and Empirical Research (IJEER), The Economics and Social Development Organization (TESDO), vol. 4(4), pages 182-193, April.
    6. Ash Amin, 1999. "An Institutionalist Perspective on Regional Economic Development," International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 23(2), pages 365-378, June.
    7. Adekoya, Oluwasegun B. & Ajayi, Gbenga E. & Suhrab, Muhammad & Oliyide, Johnson A., 2022. "How critical are resource rents, agriculture, growth, and renewable energy to environmental degradation in the resource-rich African countries? The role of institutional quality," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 164(C).
    8. Kolade Sunday Adesina & John W. Muteba Mwamba, 2019. "Does Economic Freedom Matter For CO2 Emissions? Lessons From Africa," Journal of Developing Areas, Tennessee State University, College of Business, vol. 53(3), pages 155-167, Summer.
    9. Marc Audi & Amjad Ali, 2023. "Unveiling the Role of Business Freedom to Determine Environmental Degradation in Developing Countries," International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, Econjournals, vol. 13(5), pages 157-164, September.
    10. Audi, Marc & Ali, Amjad, 2018. "Determinants of Environmental Degradation under the Perspective of Globalization: A Panel Analysis of Selected MENA Nations," MPRA Paper 85776, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    11. Tobias Kronenberg, 2004. "The curse of natural resources in the transition economies," The Economics of Transition, The European Bank for Reconstruction and Development, vol. 12(3), pages 399-426, September.
    12. Saima Ashiq & Amjad Ali & Hafiz Muhammad Abubakar Siddique & Sumaira, 2023. "Impact Of Innovation On Co2 Emissions In South Asian Countries," Bulletin of Business and Economics (BBE), Research Foundation for Humanity (RFH), vol. 12(2), pages 201-211.
    13. Amjad Ali & Marc Audi & Yannick Roussel, 2021. "Natural Resources Depletion, Renewable Energy Consumption and Environmental Degradation: A Comparative Analysis of Developed and Developing World," International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, Econjournals, vol. 11(3), pages 251-260.
    14. Islam, Asif M. & López, Ramón E., 2015. "Government Spending and Air Pollution in the US," International Review of Environmental and Resource Economics, now publishers, vol. 8(2), pages 139-189, July.
    15. Matheus Koengkan & José Alberto Fuinhas & Renato Santiago, 2020. "The relationship between CO2 emissions, renewable and non-renewable energy consumption, economic growth, and urbanisation in the Southern Common Market," Journal of Environmental Economics and Policy, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 9(4), pages 383-401, October.
    16. Abdul Ghafoor Awan, 2013. "Relationship between Environment and Sustainable Economic Development: A Theoretical Approach to Environmental Problems," International Journal of Asian Social Science, Asian Economic and Social Society, vol. 3(3), pages 741-761.
    17. Abbasi, Faiza & Riaz, Khalid, 2016. "CO2 emissions and financial development in an emerging economy: An augmented VAR approach," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 90(C), pages 102-114.
    18. Shahbaz, Muhammad & Nasir, Muhammad Ali & Roubaud, David, 2018. "Environmental degradation in France: The effects of FDI, financial development, and energy innovations," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 74(C), pages 843-857.
    19. Ali, Amjad & Sumaira, Sumaira & Siddique, Hafiz Muhammad Abubakar & Ashiq, Saima, 2023. "Impact of Economic Growth, Energy Consumption and Urbanization on Carbon Dioxide Emissions in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia," MPRA Paper 118832, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    20. Muhammad Shahbaz & Ilhan Ozturk & Amjad Ali, 2016. "Does Financial Development Lower Environmental Quality in Saudi Arabia? Fresh Evidence from Linear and Non-linear Specifications," International Journal of Economics and Empirical Research (IJEER), The Economics and Social Development Organization (TESDO), vol. 4(7), pages 376-392, July.
    21. Jun, Wen & Mughal, Nafeesa & Zhao, Jin & Shabbir, Malik Shahzad & Niedbała, Gniewko & Jain, Vipin & Anwar, Ahsan, 2021. "Does globalization matter for environmental degradation? Nexus among energy consumption, economic growth, and carbon dioxide emission," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 153(C).
    22. Audi, Marc & Ali, Amjad, 2016. "Environmental Degradation, Energy consumption, Population Density and Economic Development in Lebanon: A time series Analysis (1971-2014)," MPRA Paper 82494, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised 2017.
    23. Halkos, George & Tzeremes, Nickolaos, 2013. "Renewable energy consumption and economic efficiency: Evidence from European countries," MPRA Paper 44136, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    24. Selden Thomas M. & Song Daqing, 1994. "Environmental Quality and Development: Is There a Kuznets Curve for Air Pollution Emissions?," Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, Elsevier, vol. 27(2), pages 147-162, September.
    25. Alam, Shaista & Fatima, Ambreen & Butt, Muhammad S., 2007. "Sustainable development in Pakistan in the context of energy consumption demand and environmental degradation," Journal of Asian Economics, Elsevier, vol. 18(5), pages 825-837, October.
    26. Al-Mulali, Usama & Ozturk, Ilhan, 2015. "The effect of energy consumption, urbanization, trade openness, industrial output, and the political stability on the environmental degradation in the MENA (Middle East and North African) region," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 84(C), pages 382-389.
    27. Ozturk, Ilhan & Acaravci, Ali, 2013. "The long-run and causal analysis of energy, growth, openness and financial development on carbon emissions in Turkey," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 36(C), pages 262-267.
    28. Gamze Sart & Yilmaz Bayar & Marina Danilina & Funda Hatice Sezgin, 2022. "Economic Freedom, Education and CO 2 Emissions: A Causality Analysis for EU Member States," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(13), pages 1-14, June.
    29. Xunchang Fei & Mingliang Fang & Yao Wang, 2021. "Climate change affects land-disposed waste," Nature Climate Change, Nature, vol. 11(12), pages 1004-1005, December.
    30. Adams, Samuel & Klobodu, Edem Kwame Mensah, 2017. "Urbanization, democracy, bureaucratic quality, and environmental degradation," Journal of Policy Modeling, Elsevier, vol. 39(6), pages 1035-1051.
    31. Chien, Fengsheng & Ajaz, Tahseen & Andlib, Zubaria & Chau, Ka Yin & Ahmad, Paiman & Sharif, Arshian, 2021. "The role of technology innovation, renewable energy and globalization in reducing environmental degradation in Pakistan: A step towards sustainable environment," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 177(C), pages 308-317.
    32. Stefan Giljum & Monika Dittrich & Mirko Lieber & Stephan Lutter, 2014. "Global Patterns of Material Flows and their Socio-Economic and Environmental Implications: A MFA Study on All Countries World-Wide from 1980 to 2009," Resources, MDPI, vol. 3(1), pages 1-21, March.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Fiaz Ahmad Sulehri & Amjad Ali, 2024. "Nexus among Regulatory Framework, Economic Growth and Sustainable Development: Insights from Structural Equation Modeling Approach," Bulletin of Business and Economics (BBE), Research Foundation for Humanity (RFH), vol. 13(1), pages 110-117.
    2. Ayiza Arshad & Atif Khan Jadoon & Ambreen Sarwar & Maria Faiq Javaid, 2024. "Towards Asian Countries Sustainable Development: The Nexus between Information and Communication Technology, Energy Consumption and Carbon Dioxide Emission," Bulletin of Business and Economics (BBE), Research Foundation for Humanity (RFH), vol. 13(2), pages 1-8.
    3. Marc Audi & Marc Poulin & Amjad Ali, 2024. "Determinants of Business Freedom in Developing Countries: The Role of Institutional Development and Policy Mix," International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues, Econjournals, vol. 14(4), pages 188-199, July.
    4. Fiaz Ahmad Sulehri & Marc Audi & Marc Poulin & Amjad Ali, 2024. "Nexus between Innovation and Ecological Impact: A Moderated Mediation Investigation through Structural Equation Modeling Approach," International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, Econjournals, vol. 14(4), pages 509-518, July.
    5. Roussel, Yannick & Audi, Marc, 2024. "Exploring the Nexus of Economic Expansion, Tourist Inflows, and Environmental Sustainability in Europe," MPRA Paper 121529, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    6. Sulehri, Fiaz Ahmad & Ali, Amjad, 2024. "Assessing the Pathways of Sustainable Development: A Structural Equation Modeling Investigation of Regulatory Framework, Innovation, and Economic Indicators," MPRA Paper 121286, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    7. Asif Khan & Madiha Awais & Kashif Bilal Majeed & Humaira Beenish & Muhammad Rashad, 2024. "Assessing the Impact of Technological Innovations and Trade Openness on Environmental Sustainability: An Empirical Study of South Asian Economies Using Panel ARDL Approach," Bulletin of Business and Economics (BBE), Research Foundation for Humanity (RFH), vol. 13(2), pages 243-250.
    8. Ullah, Asad & Ali, Amjad, 2024. "Investigating Corruption, Income Inequality, and Environmental Degradation in Pakistan: A Time Series Analysis," MPRA Paper 121291, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    9. Iftikhar Ahmad & Arifa Saeed & Muhammad Ibrahim Saeed & Clement Chiahemba Ajekwe, 2024. "Exports, FDI Inflows, Renewable Energy and Economic Growth: An Empirical Evidence from Singapore," Bulletin of Business and Economics (BBE), Research Foundation for Humanity (RFH), vol. 13(1), pages 850-856.
    10. Kausar Kiran & Dr. Muhammad Ali Gardezi, 2024. "Green Energy Strategies and Their Effect on Natural Resource Sustainability in Pakistan," Bulletin of Business and Economics (BBE), Research Foundation for Humanity (RFH), vol. 13(2), pages 126-135.
    11. Audi, Marc, 2024. "A Discussion on the Role of International Regimes in Mitigating Global Warming and Climate Change," MPRA Paper 121586, University Library of Munich, Germany.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Marc Audi & Amjad Ali, 2023. "Unveiling the Role of Business Freedom to Determine Environmental Degradation in Developing Countries," International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, Econjournals, vol. 13(5), pages 157-164, September.
    2. Amjad Ali & Marc Audi & Ismail Senturk & Yannick Roussel, 2022. "Do Sectoral Growth Promote CO2 Emissions in Pakistan? Time Series Analysis in Presence of Structural Break," International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, Econjournals, vol. 12(2), pages 410-425, March.
    3. Sulehri, Fiaz Ahmad & Ali, Amjad, 2024. "Country Risk and Sustainable Development: Mediating Role of Economic Growth," MPRA Paper 121290, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    4. Audi, Marc, 2024. "A Discussion on the Role of International Regimes in Mitigating Global Warming and Climate Change," MPRA Paper 121586, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    5. Zhang, Wenwen & Chiu, Yi-Bin, 2020. "Do country risks influence carbon dioxide emissions? A non-linear perspective," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 206(C).
    6. Roussel, Yannick & Audi, Marc, 2024. "Exploring the Nexus of Economic Expansion, Tourist Inflows, and Environmental Sustainability in Europe," MPRA Paper 121529, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    7. Tehmina Fiaz Qazi & Abdul Aziz Khan Niazi, 2023. "An Analysis of the Determinants of Trust in Virtual Buying: An Interpretive Structural Modeling Approach," Journal of Policy Research (JPR), Research Foundation for Humanity (RFH), vol. 9(2), pages 103-116.
    8. Fiaz Ahmad Sulehri & Marc Audi & Marc Poulin & Amjad Ali, 2024. "Nexus between Innovation and Ecological Impact: A Moderated Mediation Investigation through Structural Equation Modeling Approach," International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, Econjournals, vol. 14(4), pages 509-518, July.
    9. Amjad Ali & Marc Audi & Yannick Roussel, 2021. "Natural Resources Depletion, Renewable Energy Consumption and Environmental Degradation: A Comparative Analysis of Developed and Developing World," International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, Econjournals, vol. 11(3), pages 251-260.
    10. Mahmood, Ahmad & Zahoor, Ahmed & Xiyue, Yang & Nazim, Hussain & Sinha, Avik, 2021. "Financial development and environmental degradation: Do human capital and institutional quality make a difference?," MPRA Paper 110039, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised 2021.
    11. Misbah Sadiq & Desti Kannaiah & Ghulam Yahya Khan & Malik Shahzad Shabbir & Kanwal Bilal & Aysha Zamir, 2023. "Does sustainable environmental agenda matter? The role of globalization toward energy consumption, economic growth, and carbon dioxide emissions in South Asian countries," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 25(1), pages 76-95, January.
    12. Insha Kunwal & Muhammad Ramzan Sheikh & Muhammad Zahir Faridi & Muhammad Imran Mushtaq, 2023. "Urbanization, Energy Consumption and Environmental Quality in Asian Countries," Bulletin of Business and Economics (BBE), Research Foundation for Humanity (RFH), vol. 12(4), pages 372-386.
    13. Ullah, Asad & Ali, Amjad, 2024. "Investigating Corruption, Income Inequality, and Environmental Degradation in Pakistan: A Time Series Analysis," MPRA Paper 121291, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    14. Alim, Wajid & Ali, Amjad & Minhas, Amna Shafiq, 2022. "The Impact of Leverage on the Firm Performance: A Case of Fertilizers Sector of Pakistan," MPRA Paper 114200, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    15. Zhao, Jun & Shahbaz, Muhammad & Dong, Xiucheng & Dong, Kangyin, 2021. "How does financial risk affect global CO2 emissions? The role of technological innovation," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 168(C).
    16. Ayiza Arshad & Atif Khan Jadoon & Ambreen Sarwar & Maria Faiq Javaid, 2024. "Towards Asian Countries Sustainable Development: The Nexus between Information and Communication Technology, Energy Consumption and Carbon Dioxide Emission," Bulletin of Business and Economics (BBE), Research Foundation for Humanity (RFH), vol. 13(2), pages 1-8.
    17. Saima Ashiq & Amjad Ali & Hafiz Muhammad Abubakar Siddique & Sumaira, 2023. "Impact Of Innovation On Co2 Emissions In South Asian Countries," Bulletin of Business and Economics (BBE), Research Foundation for Humanity (RFH), vol. 12(2), pages 201-211.
    18. Marc Audi & Fiaz Ahmad Sulehri & Amjad Ali & Razan Al-Masri, 2022. "An Event Based Analysis of Stock Return and Political Uncertainty in Pakistan: Revisited," International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues, Econjournals, vol. 12(5), pages 39-56, September.
    19. Barut, Abdulkadir & Kaya, Emine & Bekun, Festus Victor & Cengiz, Sevgi, 2023. "Environmental sustainability amidst financial inclusion in five fragile economies: Evidence from lens of environmental Kuznets curve," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 269(C).
    20. Ammar Masood & Mohsin Altaf & Mohsin Raza Khan & Tanveer Illahi & Abdul Qayyum, 2021. "Industrial Environmental Performance: Mapping And Systematic Literature Review," Bulletin of Business and Economics (BBE), Research Foundation for Humanity (RFH), vol. 10(4), pages 76-100, December.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    Business freedom; renewable energy consumption; environmental degradation; urbanization; energy consumption;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • F41 - International Economics - - Macroeconomic Aspects of International Trade and Finance - - - Open Economy Macroeconomics
    • Q30 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Nonrenewable Resources and Conservation - - - General
    • Q56 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Environmental Economics - - - Environment and Development; Environment and Trade; Sustainability; Environmental Accounts and Accounting; Environmental Equity; Population Growth

    NEP fields

    This paper has been announced in the following NEP Reports:

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:pra:mprapa:121287. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Joachim Winter (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://edirc.repec.org/data/vfmunde.html .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.