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The end of hypocrisy and the questioning of democracy

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  • MAVROZACHARAKIS, EMMANOUIL
Abstract
The financial crisis of 2007 clearly demonstrated the declining economic and political hegemony of the European social model. Austerity measures, rationalization, and cuts in all areas of society and the state were encouraged by the EU directorates. These measures have weakened social cohesion in many EU societies and jeopardized the significant progress made in terms of discrimination over the last decade. The rise in unemployment and social problems has fueled nationalism and the stigmatization of certain groups. Sometimes, even democracy itself, as the main structural feature of the Western world, is permeated by various dangers under the tragic pressures and effects of the crisis. In this sense, all the pretexts that the European elite has at times put forward around the issue of institutionalized protection of the democratic order are beginning to crumble. The vital question, therefore, arises: with citizenship crippled, what kind of democracy can we talk about? So, if we are interested in facing reality soberly and without distraction, should we prepare ourselves for the possibility of a definitive attack on democracy?

Suggested Citation

  • Mavrozacharakis, Emmanouil, 2022. "The end of hypocrisy and the questioning of democracy," MPRA Paper 115397, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    • Handle: RePEc:pra:mprapa:115397
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    File URL: https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/115397/1/MPRA_paper_115397.pdf
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Mavrozacharakis, Emmanouil & Tzagarakis, Stelios, 2015. "The Greek referendum: an alternative approach," MPRA Paper 65738, University Library of Munich, Germany.
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      Keywords

      Crisis; social impact; welfare state; Social Democracy; populism; Left;
      All these keywords.

      JEL classification:

      • A10 - General Economics and Teaching - - General Economics - - - General
      • A11 - General Economics and Teaching - - General Economics - - - Role of Economics; Role of Economists
      • A13 - General Economics and Teaching - - General Economics - - - Relation of Economics to Social Values
      • A3 - General Economics and Teaching - - Multisubject Collective Works
      • A30 - General Economics and Teaching - - Multisubject Collective Works - - - General
      • H0 - Public Economics - - General
      • H1 - Public Economics - - Structure and Scope of Government
      • H10 - Public Economics - - Structure and Scope of Government - - - General
      • H11 - Public Economics - - Structure and Scope of Government - - - Structure and Scope of Government
      • H12 - Public Economics - - Structure and Scope of Government - - - Crisis Management
      • H13 - Public Economics - - Structure and Scope of Government - - - Economics of Eminent Domain; Expropriation; Nationalization
      • H19 - Public Economics - - Structure and Scope of Government - - - Other
      • H20 - Public Economics - - Taxation, Subsidies, and Revenue - - - General
      • H23 - Public Economics - - Taxation, Subsidies, and Revenue - - - Externalities; Redistributive Effects; Environmental Taxes and Subsidies
      • H30 - Public Economics - - Fiscal Policies and Behavior of Economic Agents - - - General
      • H31 - Public Economics - - Fiscal Policies and Behavior of Economic Agents - - - Household
      • H40 - Public Economics - - Publicly Provided Goods - - - General
      • H41 - Public Economics - - Publicly Provided Goods - - - Public Goods
      • H50 - Public Economics - - National Government Expenditures and Related Policies - - - General
      • H51 - Public Economics - - National Government Expenditures and Related Policies - - - Government Expenditures and Health
      • H52 - Public Economics - - National Government Expenditures and Related Policies - - - Government Expenditures and Education
      • H53 - Public Economics - - National Government Expenditures and Related Policies - - - Government Expenditures and Welfare Programs
      • H54 - Public Economics - - National Government Expenditures and Related Policies - - - Infrastructures
      • H55 - Public Economics - - National Government Expenditures and Related Policies - - - Social Security and Public Pensions
      • I0 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - General
      • I3 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Welfare, Well-Being, and Poverty
      • I30 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Welfare, Well-Being, and Poverty - - - General
      • I31 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Welfare, Well-Being, and Poverty - - - General Welfare, Well-Being
      • I32 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Welfare, Well-Being, and Poverty - - - Measurement and Analysis of Poverty
      • I38 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Welfare, Well-Being, and Poverty - - - Government Programs; Provision and Effects of Welfare Programs
      • I39 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Welfare, Well-Being, and Poverty - - - Other
      • J0 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - General
      • J00 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - General - - - General
      • J01 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - General - - - Labor Economics: General
      • J08 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - General - - - Labor Economics Policies
      • J20 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - General
      • J21 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - Labor Force and Employment, Size, and Structure
      • J26 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - Retirement; Retirement Policies
      • J28 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - Safety; Job Satisfaction; Related Public Policy
      • J30 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Wages, Compensation, and Labor Costs - - - General
      • J31 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Wages, Compensation, and Labor Costs - - - Wage Level and Structure; Wage Differentials
      • J38 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Wages, Compensation, and Labor Costs - - - Public Policy

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