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The impact of patent applications on technological innovation in European countries

Author

Listed:
  • Leogrande, Angelo
  • Costantiello, Alberto
  • Laureti, Lucio
Abstract
We investigate the innovational determinants of “Patent Applications” in Europe. We use data from the European Innovation Scoreboard-EIS of the European Commission for 36 countries in the period 2010-2019. We use Panel Data with Fixed Effects, Panel Data with Random Effects, Pooled OLS, WLS and Dynamic Panel. We found that the variables that have a deeper positive association with “Patent Applications” are “Human Resources” and “Intellectual Assets”, while the variables that show a more intense negative relation with Patent Applications are “Employment Share in Manufacturing” and “Total Entrepreneurial Activity”. A cluster analysis with the k-Means algorithm optimized with the Silhouette Coefficient has been realized. The results show the presence of two clusters. A network analysis with the distance of Manhattan has been performed and we find three different complex network structures. Finally, a comparison is made among eight machine learning algorithms for the prediction of the future value of the “Patent Applications”. We found that PNN-Probabilistic Neural Network is the best performing algorithm. Using PNN the results show that the mean future value of “Patent Applications” in the estimated countries is expected to decrease of -0.1%.

Suggested Citation

  • Leogrande, Angelo & Costantiello, Alberto & Laureti, Lucio, 2022. "The impact of patent applications on technological innovation in European countries," MPRA Paper 115346, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    • Handle: RePEc:pra:mprapa:115346
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    File URL: https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/115346/1/MPRA_paper_115346.pdf
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Albert N. Link, 2021. "Technology Transfer at U.S. Federal Laboratories: R&D Disclosures Patent Applications," International Studies in Entrepreneurship, in: Maribel Guerrero & David Urbano (ed.), Technology Transfer and Entrepreneurial Innovations, chapter 0, pages 45-58, Springer.
    2. Irina Ervits, 2020. "Quadrants of invention: Individual patent applications as unutilized resource of innovative capacity," International Entrepreneurship Review, Centre for Strategic and International Entrepreneurship at the Cracow University of Economics., vol. 6(1), pages 7-27.
    3. Michele Boldrin & David Levine, 2002. "The Case Against Intellectual Property," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 92(2), pages 209-212, May.
    4. Leogrande, Angelo & Costantiello, Alberto, 2021. "Human Resources in Europe. Estimation, Clusterization, Machine Learning and Prediction," MPRA Paper 109749, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    5. Boeing, Philipp & Mueller, Elisabeth, 2019. "Measuring China's patent quality: Development and validation of ISR indices," China Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 57(C).
    6. Jelena Kabulova & Jelena Stankevičienė, 2020. "Valuation of FinTech Innovation Based on Patent Applications," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(23), pages 1-15, December.
    7. Leogrande, Angelo & Costantiello, Alberto & Laureti, Lucio, 2022. "The Exports of Knowledge Intensive Services. A Complex Metric Approach," MPRA Paper 113348, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    8. Ferreira, João J.M. & Fernandes, Cristina I. & Ferreira, Fernando A.F., 2020. "Technology transfer, climate change mitigation, and environmental patent impact on sustainability and economic growth: A comparison of European countries," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 150(C).
    9. Leogrande, Angelo & Costantiello, Alberto & Laureti, Lucio, 2022. "The Impact of New Doctorate Graduates on Innovation Systems in Europe," MPRA Paper 114452, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    10. Leogrande, Angelo & Costantiello, Alberto & Laureti, Lucio & Leogrande, Domenico, 2021. "The Determinants of Design Applications in Europe," MPRA Paper 110836, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

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    Cited by:

    1. Costantiello, Alberto & Leogrande, Angelo, 2023. "The Impact of Research and Development Expenditures on ESG Model in the Global Economy," MPRA Paper 117013, University Library of Munich, Germany.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    innovation and invention; processes and incentives; management of technological innovation and R&D; diffusion processes; open innovation;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • O30 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Innovation; Research and Development; Technological Change; Intellectual Property Rights - - - General
    • O31 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Innovation; Research and Development; Technological Change; Intellectual Property Rights - - - Innovation and Invention: Processes and Incentives
    • O32 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Innovation; Research and Development; Technological Change; Intellectual Property Rights - - - Management of Technological Innovation and R&D
    • O33 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Innovation; Research and Development; Technological Change; Intellectual Property Rights - - - Technological Change: Choices and Consequences; Diffusion Processes
    • O34 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Innovation; Research and Development; Technological Change; Intellectual Property Rights - - - Intellectual Property and Intellectual Capital

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