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Terminating Links between Emission Trading Programs

Author

Listed:
  • William A. Pizer
  • Andrew J. Yates
Abstract
Compliance links between CO2 emission trading programs--where firms regulated under one region's tradable permit program can comply using permits from another region, and vice-versa--are beginning to arise as a vehicle to lower costs, increase liquidity, and strengthen institutions while achieving the same environmental outcome. These links are not immutable, however, as highlighted by New Jersey's decision to exit the multi-state Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative at the end of 2011. This raises the question of how to manage a delink and, in particular, what to do with existing permits that are banked for future use--choices that can have important consequences for market behavior in advance of, or upon speculation about, a delinking event. To examine this question, we consider two delinking policies. One differentiates banked permits by origin, where banked permits originating in one region are only valid for compliance in that region after the delink occurs. The other treats all banked permits the same, with each banked permit being similarly split into two pieces, with one piece valid in one region and the other piece valid in the other region. Using a two-region, two-period model, we describe the price behavior and relative cost-effectiveness of each policy. Treating permits differently generally leads to higher costs, and may lead regional prices to diverge, even when there is only speculation about delinking. We illustrate these results with a numerical example of the EU-Australian link contemplated in 2013.

Suggested Citation

  • William A. Pizer & Andrew J. Yates, 2014. "Terminating Links between Emission Trading Programs," NBER Working Papers 20393, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    • Handle: RePEc:nbr:nberwo:20393
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Bodansky, Daniel M. & Hoedl, Seth A. & Metcalf, Gilbert E. & Stavins, Robert N., "undated". "Facilitating Linkage of Heterogeneous Regional, National, and Sub-National Climate Policies Through a Future International Agreement," Climate Change and Sustainable Development 202114, Fondazione Eni Enrico Mattei (FEEM).
    2. Doda, Baran & Quemin, Simon & Taschini, Luca, 2019. "Linking permit markets multilaterally," Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, Elsevier, vol. 98(C).
    3. Suzi Kerr & Judd Ormsby, 2016. "The New Zealand Emissions Trading Scheme de-link from Kyoto: impacts on banking and prices," Working Papers 16_13, Motu Economic and Public Policy Research.
    4. Matthew Ranson & Robert N. Stavins, 2016. "Linkage of greenhouse gas emissions trading systems: learning from experience," Climate Policy, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 16(3), pages 284-300, April.
    5. Peter Zaman & Adam Hedley, 2016. "Networked Carbon Markets," World Bank Publications - Reports 26430, The World Bank Group.
    6. Mehling, Michael A. & Metcalf, Gilbert E. & Stavins, Robert N., 2017. "Linking Heterogeneous Climate Policies (Consistent with the Paris Agreement)," MITP: Mitigation, Innovation and Transformation Pathways 266282, Fondazione Eni Enrico Mattei (FEEM).
    7. Koch, Nicolas & Grosjean, Godefroy & Fuss, Sabine & Edenhofer, Ottmar, 2016. "Politics matters: Regulatory events as catalysts for price formation under cap-and-trade," Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, Elsevier, vol. 78(C), pages 121-139.
    8. Woerman, Matt, 2023. "Linking carbon markets with different initial conditions," Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, Elsevier, vol. 119(C).
    9. Baran Doda & Luca Taschini, 2017. "Carbon Dating: When Is It Beneficial to Link ETSs?," Journal of the Association of Environmental and Resource Economists, University of Chicago Press, vol. 4(3), pages 701-730.
    10. Simon Quemin & Christian Perthuis, 2019. "Transitional Restricted Linkage Between Emissions Trading Schemes," Environmental & Resource Economics, Springer;European Association of Environmental and Resource Economists, vol. 74(1), pages 1-32, September.
    11. Richard S.J. Tol, 2017. "Leaving an emissions trading scheme – insights from the United Kingdom," Working Paper Series 1017, Department of Economics, University of Sussex Business School.
    12. Lambert Schneider & Michael Lazarus & Carrie Lee & Harro van Asselt, 2017. "Restricted linking of emissions trading systems: options, benefits, and challenges," International Environmental Agreements: Politics, Law and Economics, Springer, vol. 17(6), pages 883-898, December.
    13. N. Keohane & A. Petsonk & A. Hanafi, 2017. "Toward a club of carbon markets," Climatic Change, Springer, vol. 144(1), pages 81-95, September.
    14. Diniz Oliveira, Thais & Costa Gurgel, Angelo & Tonry, Steve, 2019. "International market mechanisms under the Paris Agreement: A cooperation between Brazil and Europe," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 129(C), pages 397-409.
    15. Richard S J Tol, 2018. "Policy Brief—Leaving an Emissions Trading Scheme: Implications for the United Kingdom and the European Union," Review of Environmental Economics and Policy, Association of Environmental and Resource Economists, vol. 12(1), pages 183-189.
    16. Baran Doda, Simon Quemin, Luca Taschini, 2017. "A theory of gains from trade in multilaterally linked ETSs," GRI Working Papers 275, Grantham Research Institute on Climate Change and the Environment.
    17. Fabio Antoniou & Panos Hatzipanayotou & Nikos Tsakiris, 2021. "Strategic Export Motives and Linking Emission Markets," CESifo Working Paper Series 8847, CESifo.
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    JEL classification:

    • Q54 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Environmental Economics - - - Climate; Natural Disasters and their Management; Global Warming
    • Q58 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Environmental Economics - - - Environmental Economics: Government Policy

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