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Nonlinearities and a Pecking Order in Cross-border Investment

Author

Listed:
  • Sara B. Holland
  • Sergei Sarkissian
  • Michael Schill
  • Francis E. Warnock
Abstract
Nonlinearities can arise in international investment factors because of a pecking order in barriers. When direct barriers are severe, improvements in governance factors such as rule of law and expropriation risk can increase investment. Only when severe barriers are ameliorated can factors such as firm-specific information, transaction costs and hedging motives become more important. Evidence from unconditional quantile regressions provides support for a pecking order hypothesis, as we find that investment factors vary across the distribution. Specifically, our empirical results indicate that access to basic information is important everywhere, governance and familiarity matter where barriers are high, roles for information and hedging motives become more apparent where barriers are moderate, and where there are no barriers small improvements in governance have little effect on investment. Going forward, analysis should incorporate nonlinearities inherent in cross-border barriers and investment.

Suggested Citation

  • Sara B. Holland & Sergei Sarkissian & Michael Schill & Francis E. Warnock, 2021. "Nonlinearities and a Pecking Order in Cross-border Investment," NBER Working Papers 29432, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    • Handle: RePEc:nbr:nberwo:29432
    Note: AP IFM
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    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • F15 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Economic Integration
    • F21 - International Economics - - International Factor Movements and International Business - - - International Investment; Long-Term Capital Movements
    • F3 - International Economics - - International Finance
    • G15 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - International Financial Markets

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