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Gains from Offshoring? Evidence from U.S. Microdata

Author

Listed:
  • Monarch, Ryan

    (University of Michigan)

  • Park, Jooyoun

    (Kent State University)

  • Sivadasan, Jagadeesh

    (University of Michigan)

Abstract
We construct a new linked data set with over one thousand offshoring events by matching Trade Adjustment Assistance program petition data to micro-data from the U.S. Census Bureau. We exploit this data to assess how offshoring impacts domestic firm-level aggregate employment, output, wages and productivity. A class of models predicts that more productive firms engage in offshoring, and that this leads to gains in output and (measured) productivity, and potential gains in employment and wages, in the remaining domestic activities of the offshoring firm. Consistent with these models, we find that offshoring firms are on average larger and more productive compared to non-offshorers. However, we find that offshorers suffer from a large decline in employment (32 per cent) and output (28 per cent) relative to their peers even in the long run. Further, we find no signi cant change in average wages or in total factor productivity measures at affected firms. We find these results robust to a variety of checks. Thus we find no evidence for positive spillovers to the remaining domestic activity of firms in this large sample of offshoring events.

Suggested Citation

  • Monarch, Ryan & Park, Jooyoun & Sivadasan, Jagadeesh, 2013. "Gains from Offshoring? Evidence from U.S. Microdata," Working Papers 635, Research Seminar in International Economics, University of Michigan.
    • Handle: RePEc:mie:wpaper:635
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    3. Kondo, Illenin O., 2018. "Trade-induced displacements and local labor market adjustments in the U.S," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 114(C), pages 180-202.
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    5. Andrew B. Bernard & Teresa C. Fort & Valerie Smeets & Frederic Warzynski, 2020. "Heterogeneous Globalization: Offshoring and Reorganization," NBER Working Papers 26854, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    6. Monarch, Ryan & Park, Jooyoun & Sivadasan, Jagadeesh, 2017. "Domestic gains from offshoring? Evidence from TAA-linked U.S. microdata," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 105(C), pages 150-173.
    7. Boehm, Christoph E. & Flaaen, Aaron & Pandalai-Nayar, Nitya, 2020. "Multinationals, Offshoring, and the Decline of U.S. Manufacturing," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 127(C).
    8. Eppinger, Peter S., 2019. "Service offshoring and firm employment," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 117(C), pages 209-228.
    9. Carmine Ornaghi & Ilke Van Beveren & Stijn Vanormelingen, 2021. "The impact of service and goods offshoring on employment: Firm‐level evidence," Canadian Journal of Economics/Revue canadienne d'économique, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 54(2), pages 677-711, May.
    10. Gueyon Kim, 2022. "Trade-Induced Adoption of New Work," Working Papers 2022-007, Human Capital and Economic Opportunity Working Group.
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    12. Giuseppe Berlingieri & Luca Marcolin & Emanuel Ornelas, 2021. "Service Offshoring and Export Experience," CESifo Working Paper Series 9126, CESifo.
    13. Delis, Agelos & Driffield, Nigel & Temouri, Yama, 2019. "The global recession and the shift to re-shoring: Myth or reality?," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 103(C), pages 632-643.
    14. Nicholas Sly & Lindsay Oldenski & Brian Kovak, 2017. "The Labor Market Effects of Offshoring by U.S. Multinational Firms: Evidence from Changes in Global Tax Policies," 2017 Meeting Papers 535, Society for Economic Dynamics.
    15. Jooyoun Park, 2018. "The Cleansing Effect of Offshoring in an Analysis of Employment," Eastern Economic Journal, Palgrave Macmillan;Eastern Economic Association, vol. 44(2), pages 242-272, April.
    16. Maximilian Todtenhaupt & Johannes Voget, 2021. "International Taxation and Productivity Effects of M&As," CESifo Working Paper Series 8967, CESifo.
    17. Goldbach, Stefan & Nagengast, Arne J. & Steinmüller, Elias & Wamser, Georg, 2019. "The effect of investing abroad on investment at home: On the role of technology, tax savings, and internal capital markets," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 116(C), pages 58-73.
    18. Todtenhaupt, Maximilian & Voget, Johannes, 2021. "International taxation and productivity effects of M&As," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 131(C).
    19. Gueyon Kim & Dohyeon Lee, 2020. "Offshoring and Segregation by Skill: Theory and Evidence," Working Papers 2020-073, Human Capital and Economic Opportunity Working Group.
    20. Avishai Schiff, 2021. "Firm Finances and Responses to Trade Liberalization: Evidence from U.S. Tariffs on China," Working Papers 21-37, Center for Economic Studies, U.S. Census Bureau.
    21. Basu, Anwesha & Marjit, Sugata & Veeramani, C., 2024. "Growth gains from offshore outsourcing," Journal of Policy Modeling, Elsevier, vol. 46(1), pages 90-112.
    22. Illenin O. Kondo, 2013. "Trade Reforms, Foreign Competition, and Labor Market Adjustments in the U.S," International Finance Discussion Papers 1095, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.).
    23. Liu, Hongwei & Zhang, Aodi & Wu, Jie, 2023. "Can industrial transfer improve urban innovation efficiency?," Socio-Economic Planning Sciences, Elsevier, vol. 90(C).
    24. Priya Ranjan, 2014. "Globalization, Jobs, and Welfare: The Roles of Social Protection and Redistribution," Working Papers 141507, University of California-Irvine, Department of Economics.
    25. Liang Zhang & Bin Qiu & Xiaocong Xu & Shaoqin Sun, 2021. "Offshoring, Wages, and Skill Premiums: Firm‐level Evidence from China," China & World Economy, Institute of World Economics and Politics, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, vol. 29(5), pages 1-27, September.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Outsourcing; employment; trade; productivity; firm performance;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • F16 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Trade and Labor Market Interactions
    • F61 - International Economics - - Economic Impacts of Globalization - - - Microeconomic Impacts
    • F66 - International Economics - - Economic Impacts of Globalization - - - Labor
    • F14 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Empirical Studies of Trade
    • F23 - International Economics - - International Factor Movements and International Business - - - Multinational Firms; International Business

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