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Financial Sector Reforms in Developing Countries with Special Reference to Egypt

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  • Philip Arestis
Abstract
Financial reforms, and financial liberalization in particular, have been at the root of many recent cases of financial and banking crises. In several countries financial reforms allowed real interest rates to reach levels exceeding 20 percent per annum in some cases; in other cases, banking and financial crises led to currency crises. National governments either abandoned attempts at implementing financial liberalization (some countries even reimposed controls) or were forced to intervene by nationalizing banks and guaranteeing deposits. This paper draws on this experience to show that the main cause of these crises is the application of a theoretical framework that is predicated on a number of assumptions that are problematic and based on weak empirical foundations. Consequently, it should be no surprise that the reforms were often unsuccessful and in many cases led to severe financial crises. We will also argue that the case of Egypt is particularly interesting in this regard, since although financial reforms have been enacted, the experience has been rather different: there has been no accompanying financial crisis.

Suggested Citation

  • Philip Arestis, 2003. "Financial Sector Reforms in Developing Countries with Special Reference to Egypt," Economics Working Paper Archive wp_383, Levy Economics Institute.
    • Handle: RePEc:lev:wrkpap:wp_383
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
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    Cited by:

    1. Castaneda, Gonzalo, 2006. "Economic growth and concentrated ownership in stock markets," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 59(2), pages 249-286, February.
    2. Meryem Duygun Fethi & Mohamed Shaban & Thomas Weyman-Jones, 2009. "Liberalisation, privatisation and the productivity of Egyptian banks: a non-parametric approach," The Service Industries Journal, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 31(7), pages 1143-1163, September.
    3. Wajih Khallouli & Mahmoud Sami Nabi, 2010. "Financial Crises’ Prevention and Recovery," Working Papers 529, Economic Research Forum, revised 06 Jan 2010.
    4. repec:kap:iaecre:v:14:y:2008:i:4:p:422-432 is not listed on IDEAS
    5. Ramzi FARHANI & Ghrissi MHAMDI & Abdelkader AGUIR & Mounir SMIDA, 2015. "Effect of Financial Liberalization on the Probability of Occurrence of Banking Crises," Expert Journal of Economics, Sprint Investify, vol. 3(1), pages 14-21.
    6. Shaikh, Aijaz A. & Glavee-Geo, Richard & Karjaluoto, Heikki, 2017. "Exploring the nexus between financial sector reforms and the emergence of digital banking culture – Evidences from a developing country," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 42(C), pages 1030-1039.
    7. Saoussen Ben Gamra & Mickaël Clévenot, 2006. "Libéralisation financière et crises bancaires dans les pays émergents," Working Papers hal-00188615, HAL.
    8. Saoussen Ben Gamra & Mickaël Clévenot, 2006. "Libéralisation financière et crises bancaires dans les pays émergents," CEPN Working Papers hal-00188615, HAL.
    9. Mina Baliamoune-Lutz, 2008. "Financial Development and Income in North Africa," International Advances in Economic Research, Springer;International Atlantic Economic Society, vol. 14(4), pages 422-432, November.

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    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • N20 - Economic History - - Financial Markets and Institutions - - - General, International, or Comparative
    • N25 - Economic History - - Financial Markets and Institutions - - - Asia including Middle East

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