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Redistributing central bank profits & losses across the Eurosystem: the Eurosystem's monetary income

Author

Listed:
  • Sergio Cesaratto
  • Eladio Febrero
  • George Pantelopoulos
Abstract
National Central Banks (NCBs) of the Eurosystem pool profits and losses related to monetary policy operations to form the Eurosystem's so-called 'monetary income'. This is then redistributed - i.e. allocated - among NCBs according to respective capital keys (the participation shares of each NCB to the ECB's capital). Monetary income has relevance for current debates such as that concerning the high fiscal costs of an ample reserve regime as a result of the abundant reserves banks hold in the deposit facility of their respective NCBs. These costs are in fact redistributed through the allocation of monetary income. Nonetheless, exactly how monetary income is pooled and subsequently allocated between Eurosystem NCBs remains rather enigmatic. The aim of this paper is to explore how monetary income is both pooled and allocated. This seems a useful task beyond the aforementioned debate to dissipate other puzzling issues like the costs of TARGET2 imbalances. A more detailed dissemination from the relevant authorities as to the process by which profits/losses are pooled and subsequently allocated is however in our view warranted.

Suggested Citation

  • Sergio Cesaratto & Eladio Febrero & George Pantelopoulos, 2024. "Redistributing central bank profits & losses across the Eurosystem: the Eurosystem's monetary income," FMM Working Paper 104-2024, IMK at the Hans Boeckler Foundation, Macroeconomic Policy Institute.
    • Handle: RePEc:imk:fmmpap:104-2024
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. De Grauwe, Paul & Ji, Yuemei, 2024. "How to conduct monetary policies. The ECB in the past, present and future," Journal of International Money and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 143(C).
    2. Claudio Borio, 2023. "Getting up from the floor," BIS Working Papers 1100, Bank for International Settlements.
    3. De Grauwe, Paul & Ji, Yuemei, 2024. "How to conduct monetary policies: the ECB in the past, present and future," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics 122133, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.
    4. Nazim Belhocine & Mr. Ashok Vir Bhatia & Jan Frie, 2023. "Raising Rates with a Large Balance Sheet: The Eurosystem’s Net Income and its Fiscal Implications," IMF Working Papers 2023/145, International Monetary Fund.
    5. Aberg, Pontus & Corsi, Marco & Grossmann-Wirth, Vincent & Hudepohl, Tom & Mudde, Yvo & Rosolin, Tiziana & Schobert, Franziska, 2021. "Demand for central bank reserves and monetary policy implementation frameworks: the case of the Eurosystem," Occasional Paper Series 282, European Central Bank.
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