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The Effects of Monetary Policy Shocks on Inequality

Author

Listed:
  • Davide Furceri
  • Mr. Prakash Loungani
  • Ms. Aleksandra Zdzienicka
Abstract
This paper provides new evidence of the effect of monetary policy shocks on income inequality. Using a measure of unanticipated changes in policy rates for a panel of 32 advanced and emerging market countries over the period 1990-2013, the paper finds that contractionary (expansionary) monetary actions increase (reduce) income inequality. The effect, however, varies over time, depending on the type of the shocks (tightening versus expansionary monetary policy) and the state of the business cycle, and across countries depending on the share of labor income and redistribution policies. In particular, we find that the effect is larger for positive monetary policy shocks, especially during expansions. Looking across countries, we find that the effect is larger in countries with higher labor share of income and smaller redistribution policies. Finally, while an unexpected increase in policy rates increases inequality, changes in policy rates driven by an increase in growth are associated with lower inequality.

Suggested Citation

  • Davide Furceri & Mr. Prakash Loungani & Ms. Aleksandra Zdzienicka, 2016. "The Effects of Monetary Policy Shocks on Inequality," IMF Working Papers 2016/245, International Monetary Fund.
    • Handle: RePEc:imf:imfwpa:2016/245
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    WP; monetary policy shock; panel E; monetary policy; monetary policy shocks; income inequality; accommodative monetary policy stance; monetary policy easing; monetary policy rate; monetary policy foresight; Central bank policy rate; Income distribution; Personal income; Monetary expansion; Global;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • E62 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Macroeconomic Policy, Macroeconomic Aspects of Public Finance, and General Outlook - - - Fiscal Policy; Modern Monetary Theory
    • E64 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Macroeconomic Policy, Macroeconomic Aspects of Public Finance, and General Outlook - - - Incomes Policy; Price Policy
    • D63 - Microeconomics - - Welfare Economics - - - Equity, Justice, Inequality, and Other Normative Criteria and Measurement

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