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Private Equity, Layoffs, and Job Polarization

Author

Listed:
  • Olsson, Martin

    (Research Institute of Industrial Economics (IFN))

  • Tåg, Joacim

    (Research Institute of Industrial Economics (IFN))

Abstract
Although private equity firms are often criticized for layoffs, little evidence exists regarding which employees lose their jobs and why. We argue that explanations for the job polarization process can also explain layoffs after buyouts. Buyouts reduce agency problems, which triggers automation, offshoring, and tougher bargaining with labor unions. We show that workers in less productive firms who perform routine or offshorable job tasks are more likely to lose their jobs. The opposite trend holds for workers who perform non-routine or non-offshorable job tasks. Moreover, workers who belong to aggressive labor unions are more likely to lose their jobs.

Suggested Citation

  • Olsson, Martin & Tåg, Joacim, 2015. "Private Equity, Layoffs, and Job Polarization," Working Paper Series 1068, Research Institute of Industrial Economics.
    • Handle: RePEc:hhs:iuiwop:1068
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    Cited by:

    1. Truong, Huynh Sang & Walz, Uwe, 2022. "Spillovers of PE Investments," SAFE Working Paper Series 357, Leibniz Institute for Financial Research SAFE.
    2. Baziki, Selva Bahar & Norbäck, Pehr-Johan & Persson, Lars & Tåg, Joacim, 2017. "Cross-border acquisitions and restructuring: Multinational enterprises and private equity-firms," European Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 94(C), pages 166-184.
    3. Henrekson Magnus, 2017. "Taxation of Swedish Firm Owners: The Great Reversal from the 1970s to the 2010s," Nordic Tax Journal, Sciendo, vol. 2017(1), pages 26-46, January.
    4. Norbäck, Pehr-Johan & Persson, Lars & Tåg, Joacim, 2018. "Threatening to buy: Private equity buyouts and antitrust policy," Economics Letters, Elsevier, vol. 164(C), pages 31-34.
    5. Antonio Martins-Neto & Nanditha Mathew & Pierre Mohnen & Tania Treibich, 2024. "Is There Job Polarization in Developing Economies? A Review and Outlook," The World Bank Research Observer, World Bank, vol. 39(2), pages 259-288.
    6. Olsson, Martin & Tåg, Joacim, 2018. "Are foreign private equity buyouts bad for workers?," Economics Letters, Elsevier, vol. 172(C), pages 1-4.
    7. Ljungqvist, Alexander & Persson, Lars & Tåg, Joacim, 2016. "The Incredible Shrinking Stock Market: On the Political Economy Consequences of Excessive Delistings," Working Paper Series 1115, Research Institute of Industrial Economics, revised 06 Feb 2018.
    8. Norbäck, Pehr-Johan & Persson, Lars & Tåg, Joacim, 2010. "Buying to Sell: A Theory of Buyouts," Working Paper Series 817, Research Institute of Industrial Economics.
    9. Hellmann, Thomas & Montag, Alexander & Tåg, Joacim, 2024. "Tolerating Losses for Growth: J-Curves in Venture Capital Investing," Working Paper Series 1500, Research Institute of Industrial Economics.
    10. Alexander Ljungqvist & Lars Persson & Joacim Tåg, 2016. "Private Equity's Unintended Dark Side: On the Economic Consequences of Excessive Delistings," NBER Working Papers 21909, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    11. Cantarella, Michele & Kavonius, Ilja Kristian, 2022. "Job polarisation and household borrowing," Working Paper Series 2683, European Central Bank.
    12. Heyman, Fredrik, 2016. "Job polarization, job tasks and the role of firms," Economics Letters, Elsevier, vol. 145(C), pages 246-251.
    13. Gardberg, Malin & Heyman, Fredrik & Tåg, Joacim, 2023. "Importing Automation and Wage Inequality through Foreign Acquisitions," Working Paper Series 1457, Research Institute of Industrial Economics.
    14. KUBO Katsuyuki & TSUBONO Kodai, 2022. "The Effect of Investment Funds on Employment and Wages," Discussion papers 22044, Research Institute of Economy, Trade and Industry (RIETI).
    15. Neely, Megan Tobias & Carmichael, Donna, 2021. "Profiting on crisis: how predatory financial investors have worsened inequality in the coronavirus crisis," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics 112697, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.
    16. Persson, Lars & Norbäck, Pehr-Johan & Tåg, Joacim, 2012. "Buying to Sell: Private Equity Buyouts and Industrial Restructuring," CEPR Discussion Papers 8992, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers.
    17. Antoni, Manfred & Maug, Ernst & Obernberger, Stefan, 2019. "Private equity and human capital risk," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 133(3), pages 634-657.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Employment; Job polarization; Labor unions; Private equity buyouts; Leveraged buyouts; Offshoring; Restructuring; ask-biased technological change; Unemployment;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • G32 - Financial Economics - - Corporate Finance and Governance - - - Financing Policy; Financial Risk and Risk Management; Capital and Ownership Structure; Value of Firms; Goodwill
    • G34 - Financial Economics - - Corporate Finance and Governance - - - Mergers; Acquisitions; Restructuring; Corporate Governance
    • J60 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Mobility, Unemployment, Vacancies, and Immigrant Workers - - - General

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