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Inégalités de revenus et de richesse en France : évolutions et liens sur longue période

Author

Listed:
  • Bertrand Garbinti

    (Centre de recherche de la Banque de France - Banque de France)

  • Jonathan Goupille-Lebret

    (GATE Lyon Saint-Étienne - Groupe d'Analyse et de Théorie Economique Lyon - Saint-Etienne - ENS de Lyon - École normale supérieure de Lyon - UL2 - Université Lumière - Lyon 2 - UCBL - Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 - Université de Lyon - UJM - Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique)

Abstract
Cet article propose un éclairage sur l'évolution de longue période des inégalités de revenu, de patrimoine et de leur lien en France. Après une forte baisse des inégalités qui avait commencé au début de la première guerre mondiale, une tendance inégalitaire est apparue (et se poursuit) depuis le milieu des années 1980. La perspective historique permet d'illustrer comment de faibles changements dans les inégalités de taux d'épargne, de rendement ou de revenu du travail peuvent avoir de forts effets de long terme sur la concentration du patrimoine. Deux autres grandes tendances s'observent depuis les années 1970. L'une est la baisse de l'écart des revenus du travail entre femmes et hommes-même s'il reste élevé. L'autre est la difficulté accrue, pour les détenteurs de seuls revenus du travail, d'accéder aux plus hauts patrimoines. Enfin, nos comparaisons entre la France et les États-Unis montrent que les inégalités de patrimoine et de revenu étaient comparables voire plus faibles aux États-Unis avant les années 1970. Ce pays est devenu nettement plus inégalitaire désormais.

Suggested Citation

  • Bertrand Garbinti & Jonathan Goupille-Lebret, 2019. "Inégalités de revenus et de richesse en France : évolutions et liens sur longue période," Working Papers halshs-02401482, HAL.
    • Handle: RePEc:hal:wpaper:halshs-02401482
    Note: View the original document on HAL open archive server: https://shs.hal.science/halshs-02401482
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
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    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • D31 - Microeconomics - - Distribution - - - Personal Income and Wealth Distribution
    • E01 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - General - - - Measurement and Data on National Income and Product Accounts and Wealth; Environmental Accounts
    • E21 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Consumption, Saving, Production, Employment, and Investment - - - Consumption; Saving; Wealth
    • N3 - Economic History - - Labor and Consumers, Demography, Education, Health, Welfare, Income, Wealth, Religion, and Philanthropy

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