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The importance of the stakeholders’ involvement in building indicators. The case of environmental regulation in France

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  • Anne Musson

    (CATT - Centre d'Analyse Théorique et de Traitement des données économiques - UPPA - Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, GRANEM - Groupe de Recherche Angevin en Economie et Management - UA - Université d'Angers - AGROCAMPUS OUEST - Institut National de l'Horticulture et du Paysage)

Abstract
The purpose of this study is to investigate the usefulness of stakeholders' involve-ment, through surveys in the construction of indicators. In this paper, we deal withthe case of environmental regulation and its impact on competitiveness. We first un-derline the disregard or lack of even a critical consideration of competitiveness' in-dicators regarding environmental regulation. We explain that the literature does notjustify this assumption. Focusing on the French case, we then examine the follow-ing question: Is environmental regulation detrimental to employment? Using an ex-ploratory study involving semi-structured interviews with 36 business leaders, we re-veal heterogeneity in entrepreneurs' perceptions. Far from being a consistently heavyburden for companies, environmental regulation can be a source of opportunity andinnovation, and may lead to job creation. Using empirical data on French industries,we present evidence of non-linear relationships between environmental regulation,FDI outflows, and employment in France over the period 1996-2006. We emphasizethe positive impact of environmental regulation on the level of employment depend-ing on trade liberalization. We conclude on the need to involve stakeholders in theconstruction of indicators.

Suggested Citation

  • Anne Musson, 2012. "The importance of the stakeholders’ involvement in building indicators. The case of environmental regulation in France," Working Papers hal-02947023, HAL.
    • Handle: RePEc:hal:wpaper:hal-02947023
    Note: View the original document on HAL open archive server: https://univ-pau.hal.science/hal-02947023
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