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Allégements des charges sur les bas salaires

Author

Listed:
  • Jean-Paul Fitoussi

    (OFCE - Observatoire français des conjonctures économiques (Sciences Po) - Sciences Po - Sciences Po)

Abstract
On s'aperçoit, en passant en revue différents modèles théoriques, que les économistes de tout bord sont d'accord pour reconnaître l'utilité des aides à l'embauche. Dans un pays où les rémunérations les plus basses sont néanmoins relativement élevées, les aides à l'embauche ont pour effet d'abaisser le coût de la main-d'oeuvre pour les entreprises. Dans les pays où les rémunérations les plus basses sont faibles, les aides à l'embauche peuvent élever le salaire net réel des travailleurs. Dans les deux cas, on peut en attendre un effet positif sur l'emploi. En général, en permettant au système de prix de jouer son rôle sur le plan de la répartition, tout en poursuivant des objectifs de redistribution avec le système fiscal, on élève le niveau de bien-être. C'est pourquoi on peut s'étonner que ce type de mesure n'ait pas été mis en oeuvre à grande échelle dans tous les pays confrontés à des problèmes d'emploi. Sans doute faut-il en chercher la raison notamment dans un problème de transition : il y a un moment où les contribuables doivent financer à la fois l'ancien système (l'indemnisation du chômage) et le nouveau système (les aides à l'embauche), avant que celui-ci ait un effet notable sur le chômage. Les données empiriques tendent à montrer que la réduction des charges sociales ne permet pas de résoudre le problème d'emploi ni le problème de la répartition mais permet d'espérer des progrès, à long terme, sur ces deux plans.

Suggested Citation

  • Jean-Paul Fitoussi, 2000. "Allégements des charges sur les bas salaires," Post-Print hal-01011340, HAL.
    • Handle: RePEc:hal:journl:hal-01011340
    DOI: 10.3406/ofce.2000.1604
    Note: View the original document on HAL open archive server: https://sciencespo.hal.science/hal-01011340
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Dehez, Pierre & Fitoussi, Jean-Paul, 1996. "On Minimum Income, Qualification Structure and Salary Scale," LIDAM Discussion Papers IRES 1996009, Université catholique de Louvain, Institut de Recherches Economiques et Sociales (IRES).
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    Cited by:

    1. Nadine Levratto & Aziza Garsaa & Luc Tessier, 2013. "To what extent do exemptions from social security contributions affect firm growth? New evidence using quantile estimations on panel data," EconomiX Working Papers 2013-15, University of Paris Nanterre, EconomiX.
    2. repec:hal:spmain:info:hdl:2441/5271 is not listed on IDEAS
    3. Aziza GARSAA & Nadine LEVRATTO & Luc TESSIER, 2015. "Do Exemptions From Social Security Contributions Affect Job Creation? New Empirical Evidence From French Overseas Regions," Region et Developpement, Region et Developpement, LEAD, Universite du Sud - Toulon Var, vol. 42, pages 79-104.
    4. Henri Sterdyniak, 2002. "Une arme miracle contre le chômage ? Fiche de lecture sur 'Une nouvelle évaluation des effets des allègements de charges sociales sur les bas salaires'," SciencePo Working papers Main hal-01017866, HAL.
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    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • H20 - Public Economics - - Taxation, Subsidies, and Revenue - - - General
    • J30 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Wages, Compensation, and Labor Costs - - - General
    • J38 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Wages, Compensation, and Labor Costs - - - Public Policy

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