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Globale Fußabdrücke der Umweltinanspruchnahme – aktuelle Methoden und Datensätze

Author

Listed:
  • Mark Meyer

    (GWS - Institute of Economic Structures Research)

  • Martin Distelkamp

    (GWS - Institute of Economic Structures Research)

  • Dr. Christian Lutz

    (GWS - Institute of Economic Structures Research)

Abstract
Zur Begutachtung der Entwicklung der deutschen Bioökonomie unter internationalen Nachhaltigkeitsaspekten wurden im Forschungskonsortium SYMOBIO verschiedene prototypische Methoden zur Berechnung sogenannter Fußabdruck-Indikatoren entwickelt. Die Anwendung dieser Methoden ermöglicht eine Berichterstattung über die global ausgelösten Umweltinanspruchnahmen durch Produktionsaktivitäten der deutsche Bioökonomie sowie durch die heimische Endnachfrage nach Erzeugnissen der Bioökonomie. Neben weiteren Forschungsoutputs des SYMOBIO-Konsortiums wurden erste Ergebnisse entsprechender Berechnungen veröffentlicht. Fußabdrücke werden für THG-Emissionen, Wasser, Landnutzung sowie für Wertschöpfung und Beschäftigung ausgewiesen. Für eine mögliche Verstetigung des Bioökonomie-Monitorings (BÖM) stellen sich Fragen nach der passenden Datenbasis ebenso wie nach einer möglichen Verbesserung der Methode der Fußabdruckberechnung. Die internationale Forschung zu Fußabdruckberechnungen der Bioökonomie befindet sich aktuell ebenso in einer dynamischen Entwicklung wie die multi-regionalen Input-Output(MRIO)-Datensätze, die die Basis dieser Berechnungen sind. Parallel zu den bisherigen Arbeiten in SYMOBIO haben sich die Umweltökonomische Gesamtrechnungen (UGR) des Statistischen Bundesamtes mit dem Thema der Auslandseffekte von Ernährungsgütern auseinandergesetzt und auch THG-Fußabdrücke berechnet. Im Folgenden werden diese Entwicklungen als Überblick aktuell verfügbarer Daten und Methoden zusammengefasst, um zukünftige Optionen für ein verstetigtes BÖM identifizieren zu können. Exemplarisch werden hierzu die methodischen Grundlagen und die in der Anwendung zu beachtenden statistischen Herausforderungen für folgende Fußabdruck-Indikatoren zusammengefasst: • Emissionen von Treibhausgasen, • Inanspruchnahme biotischer Rohstoffe, • Landnutzung für Ernährungsgüter. Die Vorgehensweise basiert dabei auf einer Gegenüberstellung der im SYMOBIO-Projekt entwickelten Methoden mit thematisch vergleichbaren Berichterstattungen. Hierzu werden zunächst die inhaltlichen, methodischen und empirischen Grundlagen der im Projekt SYMOBIO angewandten Berechnungsmethoden vorgestellt. Im Anschluss folgen aktuelle Entwicklungen bei den MRIO-Datensätzen und bei der Berechnung von Fußabdrücken sowie ein Überblick zu thematisch verwandten Berichterstattungsaktivitäten des Statistischen Bundesamts. Den Abschluss bildet eine Zusammenfassung möglicher Ansatzpunkte für eine Verzahnung der Arbeiten in Rahmen des Monitorings der Bioökonomie mit Arbeiten der UGR.

Suggested Citation

  • Mark Meyer & Martin Distelkamp & Dr. Christian Lutz, 2021. "Globale Fußabdrücke der Umweltinanspruchnahme – aktuelle Methoden und Datensätze," GWS Discussion Paper Series 21-3, GWS - Institute of Economic Structures Research.
    • Handle: RePEc:gws:dpaper:21-3
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Sustainability; Bioeconomy; Environment and Trade; Environmental Accounts and Accounting; Material Footprint; Input-Output Models;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • C67 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Mathematical Methods; Programming Models; Mathematical and Simulation Modeling - - - Input-Output Models
    • C82 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Data Collection and Data Estimation Methodology; Computer Programs - - - Methodology for Collecting, Estimating, and Organizing Macroeconomic Data; Data Access
    • Q17 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Agriculture - - - Agriculture in International Trade
    • Q56 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Environmental Economics - - - Environment and Development; Environment and Trade; Sustainability; Environmental Accounts and Accounting; Environmental Equity; Population Growth

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