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How Public Information Affects Asymmetrically Informed Lenders: Evidence from a Credit Registry Reform

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Abstract
We exploit exogenous variation in the amount of public information available to banks about a firm to empirically evaluate the importance of adverse selection in the credit market. A 2006 reform introduced by the State Bank of Pakistan (SBP) reduced the amount of public information available to Pakistani banks about a firm's creditworthiness. Prior to 2006, the SBP published credit information not only about the firm in question but also (aggregate) credit information about the firm's group (where the group was defined as the set of all firms that shared one or more director with the firm in question). After the reform, the SBP stopped providing the aggregate group-level information. We propose a model with differentially informed banks and adverse selection, which generates predictions on how this reform is expected to affect a bank's willingness to lend. The model predicts that adverse selection leads less informed banks to reduce lending compared to more informed banks. We construct a measure for the amount of information each lender has about a firm's group using the set of firm-bank lending pairs prior to the reform. We empirically show those banks with private information about a firm lent relatively more to that firm than other, less-informed banks following the reform. Remarkably, this reduction in lending by less informed banks is true even for banks that had a pre-existing relationship with the firm, suggesting that the strength of prior relationships does not eliminate the problem of imperfect information.

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  • M. Ali Choudhary & Anil K. Jain, 2014. "How Public Information Affects Asymmetrically Informed Lenders: Evidence from a Credit Registry Reform," International Finance Discussion Papers 1125, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.).
    • Handle: RePEc:fip:fedgif:1125
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    Cited by:

    1. Fang, Guanfu & Gao, Tiantian & He, Huanlang & Sun, Qian, 2023. "Public credit information arrangements and entrepreneurship: Evidence from China," China Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 81(C).
    2. Dong, Yingwei & Gou, Qin & Qiu, Han, 2023. "Big tech credit score and default risk ——Evidence from loan-level data of a representative microfinance company in China," China Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 81(C).
    3. Choudhary, M. Ali & Jain, Anil K., 2021. "Corporate stress and bank nonperforming loans: Evidence from Pakistan," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 133(C).
    4. M. Ali Choudhary & Nicola Limodio, 2017. "Deposit Volatility, Liquidity and Long-Term Investment: Evidence from a Natural Experiment in Pakistan," Working Papers 613, IGIER (Innocenzo Gasparini Institute for Economic Research), Bocconi University.
    5. Choudhary, M. Ali & Jain, Anil, 2022. "Finance and inequality: The distributional impacts of bank credit rationing," Journal of Financial Intermediation, Elsevier, vol. 52(C).
    6. Thorsten Beck & Patrick Behr & Raquel de Freitas Oliveira, 2023. "Information Sharing, Access to Finance, Loan Contract Design, and the Labor Market," Working Papers Series 580, Central Bank of Brazil, Research Department.
    7. M. Ali Choudhary & Anil K. Jain, 2022. "Credit access and relational contracts: An experiment testing informational and contractual frictions for Pakistani farmers," International Finance Discussion Papers 2022, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.).

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Information; Credit registries; Financial Intermediation;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • G14 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - Information and Market Efficiency; Event Studies; Insider Trading
    • O16 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - Financial Markets; Saving and Capital Investment; Corporate Finance and Governance

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