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Male-Female Wage and Productivity Differentials: A Structural Approach Using Japanese Firm-Level Panel Data

Author

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  • Daiji Kawaguchi
Abstract
In an attempt to explain male-female wage differential, I estimated the relative marginal productivity and relative wage of female workers compared to those of male workers using panel data of Japanese firms. The relative wage of female workers is also estimated from the same data. Cross-sectional estimates that neglect firm-level, fixed effects indicate that the marginal productivity of female workers is 44 percent of that of male workers, while female wage is 31 percent of that of male workers. These estimates indicate that part of the wage differential cannot be explained by the productivity differential. However, the IV estimates that allow for firm-level, fixed effects indicate that both female marginal productivity and wage are about 50 percent of those of male workers. Thus we cannot reject the null hypothesis of no discrimination against female workers once the selection of workers into productive and high paying firms is accounted for. Evidence found in this study is consistent with the existence of employer sex discrimination at the point of job entry, but not afterward.

Suggested Citation

  • Daiji Kawaguchi, 2004. "Male-Female Wage and Productivity Differentials: A Structural Approach Using Japanese Firm-Level Panel Data," Econometric Society 2004 Australasian Meetings 303, Econometric Society.
    • Handle: RePEc:ecm:ausm04:303
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Rickne, Johanna, 2010. "Gender, Wages, and Social Security in China’s Industrial Sector," Working Paper Series 827, Research Institute of Industrial Economics.
    2. MORIKAWA Masayuki, 2017. "Are Part-time Employees Underpaid or Overpaid? Productivity–wage gaps in Japan," Discussion papers 17077, Research Institute of Economy, Trade and Industry (RIETI).

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Sex Discrimination; Wage; Productivity; Panel Data;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • J31 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Wages, Compensation, and Labor Costs - - - Wage Level and Structure; Wage Differentials

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