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Export processing zones : A threatened instrument for global economy insertion ?

Author

Listed:
  • Jean-Pierre Cling

    (DIAL)

  • Gaëlle Letilly

    (DIAL)

Abstract
(English) The adoption of export-led growth strategies by developing countries is directly responsible for the considerable expansion of export processing zones (EPZs) in recent years. Such zones are frequently considered key instruments in the array of policies adopted by countries to attract foreign direct investment, boost employment, stimulate exports and economic growth, and finally to improve the transfer of technology and the acquisition of skills by the national work force. This paper examines, in the light of the experiences of several countries, the impact that an EPZ may have on the development of the host country. The facts show that the hopes pinned on such zones by developing countries are frequently excessive. Moreover, it demonstrates the challenges facing EPZs due to the new WTO regulations, as well as from new aspects of globalisation; both seem to be pushing towards reform on the geographical distribution of EPZs. _________________________________ (français) L’adoption de politiques de promotion des exportations par l’ensemble des pays en développement est directement à l’origine de la prolifération des zones franches au cours de ces dernières années. Pour les pays, la mise en place de ces zones est habituellement considérée comme un instrument clé dans le cadre d’une politique d’attraction des investissements étrangers, en vue de favoriser la création d’emplois, de stimuler les exportations et d’accélérer la croissance économique, et enfin d’améliorer les transferts de technologie et l’acquisition de qualifications par la main-d’oeuvre nationale. Cette étude considère, à la lumière de quelques expériences, le type d’impact que les zones franches peuvent avoir sur le développement des pays d’accueil. Les faits montrent que les espoirs mis en elles par les pays en développement sont souvent excessifs. De plus, elle met en évidence les défis posés aux zones franches par les accords de l’OMC, ainsi que par les nouveaux aspects de la mondialisation, qui semblent pousser tous deux vers une restructuration géographique de la répartition des zones franches au niveau mondial.

Suggested Citation

  • Jean-Pierre Cling & Gaëlle Letilly, 2001. "Export processing zones : A threatened instrument for global economy insertion ?," Working Papers DT/2001/17, DIAL (Développement, Institutions et Mondialisation).
    • Handle: RePEc:dia:wpaper:dt200117
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    1. repec:dau:papers:123456789/4457 is not listed on IDEAS
    2. Dr Rahul Tripathi, 2021. "The Role of Special Economic Zones and their Socio-Economic Impact on Delhi/NCR," International Journal of Finance, Insurance and Risk Management, International Journal of Finance, Insurance and Risk Management, vol. 11(2), pages 42-50.
    3. Moberg, Lotta, 2015. "The political economy of special economic zones," Journal of Institutional Economics, Cambridge University Press, vol. 11(1), pages 167-190, March.
    4. Peter Glick & François Roubaud, 2004. "Export Processing Zone Expansion in an African Country: What are the Labor Market and Gender Impacts?," Working Papers DT/2004/15, DIAL (Développement, Institutions et Mondialisation), revised Dec 2004.
    5. Anwar Mohammad Amir, 2014. "New modes of industrial manufacturing: India’s experience with special economic zones," Bulletin of Geography. Socio-economic Series, Sciendo, vol. 24(24), pages 1-19, June.
    6. Douglas Zhihua Zeng, 2016. "Global Experiences of Special Economic Zones with Focus on China and Africa: Policy Insights," Journal of International Commerce, Economics and Policy (JICEP), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 7(03), pages 1-27, October.
    7. Yu Zhang & Zeyu Fu & Lei Xu & Zhenzhen Lu, 2023. "The Impact of China’s Overseas Economic and Trade Cooperation Zones on Sustainable Trade of Host Countries," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(24), pages 1-31, December.
    8. Tantri, Malini L., 2014. "Promises and paradoxes of SEZs expansion in India," Working Papers 331, Institute for Social and Economic Change, Bangalore.
    9. Ackah, Charles & Osei, Robert Darko & Owusu, Nana Y. A. & Acheampong, Vera, 2023. "Special Economic Zones and household welfare: New evidence from Ghana," KCG Working Papers 25, Kiel Centre for Globalization (KCG).
    10. Farole, Thomas, 2010. "Second best ? investment climate and performance in Africa's special economic zones," Policy Research Working Paper Series 5447, The World Bank.
    11. Aradhna Aggarwal, 2007. "Impact of Special Economic Zones on Employment, Poverty and Human Development," Working Papers id:1111, eSocialSciences.
    12. Konstantinos J. Hazakis, 2014. "The rationale of special economic zones (SEZs): An Institutional approach," Regional Science Policy & Practice, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 6(1), pages 85-101, March.
    13. Aradhna Aggarwal, 2007. "Impact of Special Economic Zones on Employment, Poverty and Human Development," Indian Council for Research on International Economic Relations, New Delhi Working Papers 194, Indian Council for Research on International Economic Relations, New Delhi, India.
    14. Guangwen Meng & Douglas Zhihua Zeng, . "Structural transformation through free trade zones: the case of Shanghai," UNCTAD Transnational Corporations Journal, United Nations Conference on Trade and Development.
    15. Mats Furby, 2005. "Evaluating the Malaysian Export Processing Zones With special focus on the electronic industry," International Trade 0510004, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    16. Zhang, Xiaobo, 2016. "Building effective clusters and industrial parks," IFPRI discussion papers 1590, International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI).
    17. Zeng,Zhihua, 2015. "Global experiences with special economic zones : focus on China and Africa," Policy Research Working Paper Series 7240, The World Bank.
    18. Malini L. Tantri, 2012. "China’s Policy for Special Economic Zone," India Quarterly: A Journal of International Affairs, , vol. 68(3), pages 231-250, September.

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