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The Underpricing of Initial Public Offerings: Further Canadian Evidence

Author

Listed:
  • Maher Kooli
  • Jean-Marc Suret
Abstract
Evidence of underpricing of initial public offerings (IPOs) has spawned a considerable theoretical literature attempting to explain the apparent contradiction to market efficiency. This article reassesses that evidence by examining not just common shares Canadian IPOs, but also unit and Junior stock IPOs from the period 1991-1998. Our study shows that Canadian IPOs as major IPOs in the world are underpriced. However, the degree of underpricing depends on the type of the issue. Unit IPOs and Junior Capital Pool (JCP) IPOs are more underpriced than common shares IPOs. Our results also suggest that the IPO market in Canada is «good» only for large offerings. We have entertained a number of possible explanations for the high initial return of Canadian issuing firms. We find that the underpricing is significantly related to the size and the period of the issue and to whether the IPO is a JCP or not. On the other hand, the prestige of the underwriter is positively related to the underpricing but this relationship is not significant. La présente étude propose une analyse en profondeur du comportement des émissions initiales canadiennes de 1991 à 1998, en incluant les titres émis dans le cadre des programmes de Capital Pool. Les résultats montrent que la sous évaluation initiale persiste au Canada, en moyenne. Toutefois, le degrés de sous-évaluation est fortement lié au type d'émission: les émissions d'unités et celles qui se font dans le cadre des programmes de Capital Pool sont davantage sous évaluées que les émissions d'actions ordinaires hors Capital pool. Les émissions de taille moyenne et de grande taille semblent correctement évalués au Canada, contrairement à ce que l'on observe sur la plupart des marchés et notamment aux États-Unis. La sous-évaluation initiale concerne donc essentiellement les émissions de 20 millions de $ et moins, qui représentent toutefois 76,3 p. cent des émissions analysées. La sous-évaluation initiale reste donc un problème majeur pour les petites et moyennes entreprises canadiennes. Parmi les autres explications possibles à la sous-évaluation initiale, seule la période d'émission semble jouer un rôle significatif, en plus de la taille et de l'appartenance ou non au programme des Capital Pool.

Suggested Citation

  • Maher Kooli & Jean-Marc Suret, 2001. "The Underpricing of Initial Public Offerings: Further Canadian Evidence," CIRANO Working Papers 2001s-50, CIRANO.
    • Handle: RePEc:cir:cirwor:2001s-50
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    File URL: https://cirano.qc.ca/files/publications/2001s-50.pdf
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    2. Kumaran, Sunitha, 2022. "Financial performance index of IPO firms using VIKOR-CRITIC techniques," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 47(PA).

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