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Incidence of Bank Levy and Bank Market Power

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  • Gunther Capelle-Blancard
  • Olena Havrylchyk
Abstract
This is the first analysis of the incidence of a bank tax that is imposed on banks’ balance sheets. Within the framework of an oligopolistic version of the Monti-Klein model, the pass-through of a bank tax levied on loans is stronger when elasticity of credit demand is low. To test this hypothesis, we investigate the incidence of the Hungarian bank tax that was introduced in 2010 on banks’ assets. This case is well suited for our analysis because the tax rate is much higher for large banks than for small banks, which allows relying on difference-in-difference methodology to disentangle the impact of the tax from any other shock that might have occurred simultaneously. In line with model predictions, our estimations show that the tax is shifted to customers with the smallest demand elasticity, such as households. In terms of economic policy implications, our results suggest that enhanced borrower mobility could reduce the ability of banks to shift taxes to customers.

Suggested Citation

  • Gunther Capelle-Blancard & Olena Havrylchyk, 2013. "Incidence of Bank Levy and Bank Market Power," Working Papers 2013-21, CEPII research center.
    • Handle: RePEc:cii:cepidt:2013-21
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    Cited by:

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    2. Gerasimos T. Soldatos & Erotokritos Varelas, 2016. "Loan as a Durable Good and Bank Indirect-Tax Incidence," International Journal of Financial Research, International Journal of Financial Research, Sciedu Press, vol. 7(1), pages 33-38, January.
    3. Michael Kogler, 2019. "On the incidence of bank levies: theory and evidence," International Tax and Public Finance, Springer;International Institute of Public Finance, vol. 26(4), pages 677-718, August.
    4. Borsuk, Marcin & Przeworska, Joanna & Saunders, Anthony & Serwa, Dobromił, 2024. "The macroeconomic costs of the bank tax," Journal of Financial Stability, Elsevier, vol. 72(C).
    5. Josef Schroth, 2021. "On the Distributional Effects of Bank Bailouts," Review of Economic Dynamics, Elsevier for the Society for Economic Dynamics, vol. 40, pages 252-277, April.
    6. Bremus, Franziska & Schmidt, Kirsten & Tonzer, Lena, 2020. "Interactions between bank levies and corporate taxes: How is bank leverage affected?," EconStor Open Access Articles and Book Chapters, ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics, vol. 118.
    7. Jose Martin‐Flores & Christophe Moussu, 2019. "Is bank capital sensitive to a tax allowance on marginal equity?," European Financial Management, European Financial Management Association, vol. 25(2), pages 325-357, March.
    8. Andrzej Karpowicz & Zbigniew Korzeb & Paweł Niedziółka, 2022. "Macroeconomic and sectoral specific determinants of bank levies’ inflows in European Union," Bank i Kredyt, Narodowy Bank Polski, vol. 53(2), pages 183-202.
    9. Bellucci, Andrea & Fatica, Serena & Heynderickx, Wouter & Kvedaras, Virmantas & Pagano, Andrea, 2023. "Liability taxes, risk, and the cost of banking crises," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 79(C).
    10. Ákos Aczél & Ádám Banai & András Borsos & Bálint Dancsik, 2016. "Identifying the determinants of housing loan margins in the Hungarian banking system," Financial and Economic Review, Magyar Nemzeti Bank (Central Bank of Hungary), vol. 15(4), pages 5-44.
    11. Bremus, Franziska & Schmidt, Kirsten & Tonzer, Lena, 2018. "Interactions between regulatory and corporate taxes: How is bank leverage affected?," IWH Discussion Papers 16/2018, Halle Institute for Economic Research (IWH).
    12. Karolina Puławska, 2021. "The Effect of Bank Levy Introduction on Commercial Banks in Europe," JRFM, MDPI, vol. 14(6), pages 1-26, June.
    13. Borsuk, Marcin & Kowalewski, Oskar & Qi, Jianping, 2023. "The dark side of bank taxes," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 157(C).
    14. Kick, Thomas & Celerier, Claire & Ongena, Steven, 2017. "Changes in the Cost of Bank Equity and the Supply of Bank Credit," VfS Annual Conference 2017 (Vienna): Alternative Structures for Money and Banking 168164, Verein für Socialpolitik / German Economic Association.
    15. Soldatos, Gerasimos T. & Varelas, Erotokritos, 2015. "Loan as a Durable Good and Bank Indirect-Tax Incidence," MPRA Paper 68220, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    16. Kryzanowski, Lawrence & Perrakis, Stylianos & Zhong, Rui, 2021. "Financial oligopolies and parallel exclusion in the credit default swap markets," Journal of Financial Markets, Elsevier, vol. 56(C).
    17. Galit Klein & Zeev Shtudiner & Moti Zwilling, 2023. "Why do peer-to-peer (P2P) lending platforms fail? The gap between P2P lenders' preferences and the platforms’ intentions," Electronic Commerce Research, Springer, vol. 23(2), pages 709-738, June.
    18. Buch, Claudia M. & Hilberg, Björn & Tonzer, Lena, 2016. "Taxing banks: An evaluation of the German bank levy," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 72(C), pages 52-66.
    19. Chronopoulos, Dimitris K. & Sobiech, Anna L. & Wilson, John O.S., 2019. "The Australian bank levy: Do shareholders pay?," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 28(C), pages 412-415.
    20. Hryckiewicz Aneta & Puławska Karolina, 2022. "How to Design a Bank Levy: The Effect of a Levy Scheme on Bank Performance and its Activities," Journal of Management and Business Administration. Central Europe, Sciendo, vol. 30(3), pages 136-174, September.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    banks; bank levy; tax incidence; market power;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • G21 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Banks; Other Depository Institutions; Micro Finance Institutions; Mortgages
    • H22 - Public Economics - - Taxation, Subsidies, and Revenue - - - Incidence
    • L13 - Industrial Organization - - Market Structure, Firm Strategy, and Market Performance - - - Oligopoly and Other Imperfect Markets

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