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Economic Support during the COVID Crisis. Quantitative Easing and Lending Support Schemes in the UK

Author

Listed:
  • Mahmoud Fatouh

    (Bank of England)

  • Simone Giansante

    (University of Bath - School of Management)

  • Steven Ongena

    (University of Zurich - Department of Banking and Finance; Swiss Finance Institute; KU Leuven; Centre for Economic Policy Research (CEPR))

Abstract
We investigate how the interaction of the Brexit and COVID waves of the Bank of England’s quantitative easing with the leverage ratio capital requirements or government COVID lending support schemes affected bank business lending. We find that the former QE programme was particularly successful in increasing lending to nonfinancial businesses, except for QE-banks subject to the UK leverage ratio, suggesting that the latter ratio incentivized QE-banks to lend to business anyway. The government schemes helped expand lending especially to SMEs post QE COVID, indicating that complementing QE with other credit easing programmes can improve its impact on lending to the real economy. During COVID-stress, changes to the UK leverage ratio supported better market-making in securities markets, and additional QE liquidity boosted stronger repo market intermediation.

Suggested Citation

  • Mahmoud Fatouh & Simone Giansante & Steven Ongena, 2021. "Economic Support during the COVID Crisis. Quantitative Easing and Lending Support Schemes in the UK," Swiss Finance Institute Research Paper Series 21-54, Swiss Finance Institute.
    • Handle: RePEc:chf:rpseri:rp2154
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Reint Gropp & Thomas Mosk & Steven Ongena & Carlo Wix, 2019. "Banks Response to Higher Capital Requirements: Evidence from a Quasi-Natural Experiment," The Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 32(1), pages 266-299.
    2. Butt, Nick & Churm, Rohan & McMahon, Michael & Morotz, Arpad & Schanz, Jochen, 2014. "QE and the bank lending channel in the United Kingdom," Bank of England working papers 511, Bank of England.
    3. Joyce, Michael & Spaltro, Marco, 2014. "Quantitative easing and bank lending: a panel data approach," Bank of England working papers 504, Bank of England.
    4. Simone Giansante & Mahmoud Fatouh & Steven Ongena, 2019. "Does Quantitative Easing Boost Bank Lending to the Real Economy or Cause Other Bank Asset Reallocation? The Case of the UK," Swiss Finance Institute Research Paper Series 19-72, Swiss Finance Institute.
    5. Alexander Rodnyansky & Olivier M. Darmouni, 2017. "The Effects of Quantitative Easing on Bank Lending Behavior," The Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 30(11), pages 3858-3887.
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    Cited by:

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    3. Mahmoud Fatouh & Simone Giansante & Steven Ongena, 2024. "Leverage ratio, risk‐based capital requirements, and risk‐taking in the United Kingdom," Financial Markets, Institutions & Instruments, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 33(1), pages 31-60, February.
    4. Patrick Cheong-Iao Pang & Wenjing Jiang & Guanwen Pu & Kin-Sun Chan & Ying Lau, 2022. "Social Media Engagement in Two Governmental Schemes during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Macao," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(15), pages 1-12, July.
    5. Kornher, Lukas & Balezentis, Tomas & Santeramo, Fabio Gaetano, 2024. "EU Food price inflation amid global market turbulences during the COVID-19 pandemic and the Russia-Ukraine War," MPRA Paper 121673, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    6. Giansante, Simone & Fatouh, Mahmoud & Ongena, Steven, 2022. "The asset reallocation channel of quantitative easing. The case of the UK," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 77(C).
    7. Acosta-Smith, Jonathan & Guin, Benjamin & Salgado-Moreno, Mauricio & Vo, Quynh-Anh, 2023. "Understanding climate-related disclosures of UK financial institutions," Bank of England working papers 1017, Bank of England.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Monetary policy; quantitative easing; bank lending; COVID-19;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • E51 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit - - - Money Supply; Credit; Money Multipliers
    • G21 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Banks; Other Depository Institutions; Micro Finance Institutions; Mortgages

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