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Subjective Models of the Macroeconomy: Evidence from Experts and Representative Samples

Author

Listed:
  • Peter Andre
  • Carlo Pizzinelli
  • Christopher Roth
  • Johannes Wohlfart
Abstract
We study people’s subjective models of the macroeconomy and shed light on their attentional foundations. To do so, we measure beliefs about the effects of macroeconomic shocks on unemployment and inflation, holding constant information about previous realizations of macroeconomic variables. Within samples of both 6,500 US households and 1,500 experts, beliefs are widely dispersed, even about the directional effects of shocks, and there are large differences in average beliefs between households and experts. Part of this disagreement seems to arise from selective retrieval of different propagation channels of macroeconomic shocks. We confirm this mechanism causally by exogenously shifting households’ attention to either supply-side or demand-side channels. Moreover, households with different personal experiences recall different propagation channels of the shocks, while experts tend to recall textbook models. Our findings offer a new perspective on the widely documented disagreement in macroeconomic expectations.

Suggested Citation

  • Peter Andre & Carlo Pizzinelli & Christopher Roth & Johannes Wohlfart, 2019. "Subjective Models of the Macroeconomy: Evidence from Experts and Representative Samples," CESifo Working Paper Series 7850, CESifo.
    • Handle: RePEc:ces:ceswps:_7850
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    expectation formation; subjective models; associations; thoughts; attention; experiences; macroeconomic shocks; monetary policy; fiscal policy;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • D83 - Microeconomics - - Information, Knowledge, and Uncertainty - - - Search; Learning; Information and Knowledge; Communication; Belief; Unawareness
    • D84 - Microeconomics - - Information, Knowledge, and Uncertainty - - - Expectations; Speculations
    • E31 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Prices, Business Fluctuations, and Cycles - - - Price Level; Inflation; Deflation
    • E52 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit - - - Monetary Policy
    • E71 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Macro-Based Behavioral Economics - - - Role and Effects of Psychological, Emotional, Social, and Cognitive Factors on the Macro Economy

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