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Exporting and Offshoring with Monopsonistic Competition

Author

Listed:
  • Hartmut Egger
  • Udo Kreickemeier
  • Christoph Moser
  • Jens Wrona
Abstract
We develop a model of international trade with a monopsonistically competitive labour market in which firms employ skilled labour for headquarter tasks and unskilled workers to conduct a continuum of production tasks. Firms can enter foreign markets through exporting and through offshoring, and we show that due to monopsonistic competition our model makes sharply different predictions, both at the firm level and at the aggregate level, about the respective effects of the export of goods and the offshoring of tasks. At the firm-level, exporting leads to higher wages and employment, while offshoring of production tasks reduces the wages paid to unskilled workers as well as their domestic employment. At the aggregate level, trade in goods is unambiguously welfare increasing since domestic resources are reallocated to large firms with high productivity, and firms with low productivities exit the market. This reduces the monopsony distortion present in autarky, where firms restrict employment to keep wages low, resulting in too many firms that are on average too small. Offshoring on the other hand gives firms additional scope for exercising their monopsony power by reducing their domestic size, and as a consequence the resources spent on it can be wasteful from a social planner’s point of view, leading to a welfare loss.

Suggested Citation

  • Hartmut Egger & Udo Kreickemeier & Christoph Moser & Jens Wrona, 2019. "Exporting and Offshoring with Monopsonistic Competition," CESifo Working Paper Series 7774, CESifo.
    • Handle: RePEc:ces:ceswps:_7774
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    File URL: https://www.cesifo.org/DocDL/cesifo1_wp7774.pdf
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    Cited by:

    1. Patrick Arni & Pether H. Egger & Katharina Erhardt & Matthias Gubler & Philip Sauré, 2024. "Heterogeneous Impacts of Trade Shocks on Workers," Working Papers 2409, Gutenberg School of Management and Economics, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz.
    2. Sabien Dobbelaere & Catherine Fuss & Mark Vancauteren, 2022. "Does offshoring shape labor market imperfections? A comparative analysis of Belgian and Dutch firms," Working Paper Research 425, National Bank of Belgium.
    3. Luca Macedoni, 2022. "Monopsonistic competition, trade, and the profit share," Scandinavian Journal of Economics, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 124(2), pages 488-515, April.
    4. Priyaranjan Jha & Antonio Rodriguez-Lopez, 2021. "Minimum Wage and Employer Variety," CESifo Working Paper Series 9312, CESifo.
    5. Egger, Hartmut & Kreickemeier, Udo & Moser, Christoph & Wrona, Jens, 2024. "Offshoring and job polarisation between firms," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 148(C).
    6. Naumann, Fabrice & Bolz, Simon Johannes & Richter, Philipp Moritz, 2022. "Offshoring and Environmental Policy: Firm Selection and Distributional Effects," VfS Annual Conference 2022 (Basel): Big Data in Economics 264086, Verein für Socialpolitik / German Economic Association.
    7. Kamei, Keita, 2024. "A model of economic integration with ownership structure in general equilibrium oligopoly," Economics Letters, Elsevier, vol. 236(C).

    More about this item

    Keywords

    monopsonistic labour markets; exporting; two-way offshoring; tasks; heterogeneous firms; wages; employment;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • F12 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Models of Trade with Imperfect Competition and Scale Economies; Fragmentation
    • F16 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Trade and Labor Market Interactions
    • F23 - International Economics - - International Factor Movements and International Business - - - Multinational Firms; International Business

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