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Shapes of implied volatility with positive mass at zero

Author

Listed:
  • Stefano De Marco
  • Caroline Hillairet
  • Antoine Jacquier
Abstract
We study the shapes of the implied volatility when the underlying distribution has an atom at zero and analyse the impact of a mass at zero on at-the-money implied volatility and the overall level of the smile. We further show that the behaviour at small strikes is uniquely determined by the mass of the atom up to high asymptotic order, under mild assumptions on the remaining distribution on the positive real line. We investigate the structural difference with the no-mass-at-zero case, showing how one can--theoretically--distinguish between mass at the origin and a heavy-left-tailed distribution. We numerically test our model-free results in stochastic models with absorption at the boundary, such as the CEV process, and in jump-to-default models. Note that while Lee's moment formula tells that implied variance is at most asymptotically linear in log-strike, other celebrated results for exact smile asymptotics such as Benaim and Friz (09) or Gulisashvili (10) do not apply in this setting--essentially due to the breakdown of Put-Call duality.

Suggested Citation

  • Stefano De Marco & Caroline Hillairet & Antoine Jacquier, 2013. "Shapes of implied volatility with positive mass at zero," Papers 1310.1020, arXiv.org, revised May 2017.
    • Handle: RePEc:arx:papers:1310.1020
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Jim Gatheral & Antoine Jacquier, 2014. "Arbitrage-free SVI volatility surfaces," Quantitative Finance, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 14(1), pages 59-71, January.
    2. Ian Martin, 2011. "Simple Variance Swaps," NBER Working Papers 16884, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    3. Roger W. Lee, 2004. "The Moment Formula For Implied Volatility At Extreme Strikes," Mathematical Finance, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 14(3), pages 469-480, July.
    4. Matthew Lorig & Oriol Lozano Carbasse & Rafael Mendoza-Arriaga, 2012. "Variance Swaps on Defaultable Assets and Market Implied Time-Changes," Papers 1209.0697, arXiv.org, revised Jul 2013.
    5. S. Benaim & P. Friz, 2009. "Regular Variation And Smile Asymptotics," Mathematical Finance, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 19(1), pages 1-12, January.
    6. Merton, Robert C., 1976. "Option pricing when underlying stock returns are discontinuous," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 3(1-2), pages 125-144.
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    8. repec:dau:papers:123456789/409 is not listed on IDEAS
    9. Archil Gulisashvili & Elias M. Stein, 2009. "Implied Volatility In The Hull–White Model," Mathematical Finance, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 19(2), pages 303-327, April.
    10. Robert Jarrow & Younes Kchia & Martin Larsson & Philip Protter, 2013. "Discretely sampled variance and volatility swaps versus their continuous approximations," Finance and Stochastics, Springer, vol. 17(2), pages 305-324, April.
    11. Pierre Collin‐Dufresne & Robert S. Goldstein, 2001. "Do Credit Spreads Reflect Stationary Leverage Ratios?," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 56(5), pages 1929-1957, October.
    12. L. Rogers & M. Tehranchi, 2010. "Can the implied volatility surface move by parallel shifts?," Finance and Stochastics, Springer, vol. 14(2), pages 235-248, April.
    13. Eric Renault & Nizar Touzi, 1996. "Option Hedging And Implied Volatilities In A Stochastic Volatility Model1," Mathematical Finance, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 6(3), pages 279-302, July.
    14. Campi, Luciano & Polbennikov, Simon & Sbuelz, Alessandro, 2009. "Systematic equity-based credit risk: A CEV model with jump to default," Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, Elsevier, vol. 33(1), pages 93-108, January.
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    Cited by:

    1. Claude Martini & Arianna Mingone, 2020. "No arbitrage SVI," Papers 2005.03340, arXiv.org, revised May 2021.
    2. Jaehyuk Choi & Lixin Wu, 2021. "A note on the option price and ‘Mass at zero in the uncorrelated SABR model and implied volatility asymptotics’," Quantitative Finance, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 21(7), pages 1083-1086, July.
    3. Jaehyuk Choi & Jeonggyu Huh & Nan Su, 2023. "Tighter 'uniform bounds for Black-Scholes implied volatility' and the applications to root-finding," Papers 2302.08758, arXiv.org, revised Oct 2024.
    4. Vimal Raval & Antoine Jacquier, 2021. "The Log Moment formula for implied volatility," Papers 2101.08145, arXiv.org.
    5. Choi, Jaehyuk & Wu, Lixin, 2021. "The equivalent constant-elasticity-of-variance (CEV) volatility of the stochastic-alpha-beta-rho (SABR) model," Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, Elsevier, vol. 128(C).
    6. Cyril Grunspan & Joris Van Der Hoeven, 2020. "Effective Asymptotics Analysis For Finance," International Journal of Theoretical and Applied Finance (IJTAF), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 23(02), pages 1-23, March.
    7. Michael R. Tehranchi, 2020. "A Black–Scholes inequality: applications and generalisations," Finance and Stochastics, Springer, vol. 24(1), pages 1-38, January.
    8. Cyril Grunspan & Joris van der Hoeven, 2020. "Effective asymptotic analysis for finance," Post-Print hal-01573621, HAL.

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