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Enabling Environment for Waste and Wastewater Recycling and Reuse Options in South Asia: the case of Sri Lanka

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  • Bekchanov, Maksud
Abstract
Mismanagement of waste and wastewater is a key reason behind the continuing environmental pollution and degrading livelihoods across the developing countries of South Asia such as Sri Lanka. Recovering nutrients and energy from waste and wastewater streams can not only address the challenging waste and wastewater management problems but also considerably substitute the imports of chemical fertilizers and fossil fuels. Considering these environmental and economic benefits of waste and wastewater recycling, this study aims at assessing investment climate for a broader implementation of recycling technologies such as composting, biogas generation, and electricity production through incineration process. For this purpose, a wide range of methods were implemented including a detailed review of scientific literature, laws and reports by governmental agencies, as well as key informant interviews and focus group discussions. For assessing technical potential of recovering nutrients from waste streams a simulation model was applied. As results indicated, since waste generation and thus potential for nutrient recovery is high in urban areas, while demand for recovered nutrients is much higher in rural areas, interregional trade of the recovered nutrients would considerably contribute to reducing the shortage of fertilizers, improving food security, and increasing export incomes in Sri Lanka. Recovering nutrients from recycling only half of total organic waste and wastewater may allow for meeting agricultural demands for phosphorus and potassium, and supply 75% of nitrogen requirements at the national level. The government would need to be the main facilitator of the change through improving the accounting and planning in the system, establishing effective institutional and regulatory frameworks, providing financial incentives for the implementation of the recycling technologies, and supporting educational programs for raising the environmental consciousness.

Suggested Citation

  • Bekchanov, Maksud, 2017. "Enabling Environment for Waste and Wastewater Recycling and Reuse Options in South Asia: the case of Sri Lanka," Working Papers 265903, University of Bonn, Center for Development Research (ZEF).
    • Handle: RePEc:ags:ubonwp:265903
    DOI: 10.22004/ag.econ.265903
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    Cited by:

    1. Coulibaly, Ousmane Nafolo, 2021. "Mali - Land, climate, energy, agriculture and development: A study in the Sudano-Sahel Initiative for Regional Development, Jobs, and Food Security," Working Papers 308805, University of Bonn, Center for Development Research (ZEF).
    2. Adamou, Pr. Rabani & Ibrahim, Boubacar & Bonkaney, Abdou Latif & Seyni, Abdoul Aziz & Idrissa, Mamoudou, 2021. "Niger - Land, climate, energy, agriculture and development: A study in the Sudano-Sahel Initiative for Regional Development, Jobs, and Food Security," Working Papers 308806, University of Bonn, Center for Development Research (ZEF).
    3. Desalegn, Gashaw & Ali, Seid Nuru, 2018. "Review of the Impact of Productive Safety Net Program (PSNP) on Rural Welfare in Ethiopia," Working Papers 278228, University of Bonn, Center for Development Research (ZEF).
    4. Daum, Thomas, 2018. "Of Bulls and Bulbs: Aspirations and perceptions of rural youth in Zambia," Working Papers 275061, University of Bonn, Center for Development Research (ZEF).
    5. Salvatierra Rojas, Ana & Torres Toledo, Victor & Mrabet, Farah & Müller, Joachim, 2018. "Improving milk value chains through solar milk cooling," Working Papers 276621, University of Bonn, Center for Development Research (ZEF).
    6. Olayide, Olawale Emmanuel, 2021. "Nigeria - Land, climate, energy, agriculture and development: A study in the Sudano-Sahel Initiative for Regional Development, Jobs, and Food Security," Working Papers 308807, University of Bonn, Center for Development Research (ZEF).
    7. Osman, Abdelrahman Khidir & Ali, Adil M., 2021. "Sudan - Land, climate, energy, agriculture and development: A study in the Sudano-Sahel Initiative for Regional Development, Jobs, and Food Security," Working Papers 308810, University of Bonn, Center for Development Research (ZEF).
    8. von Braun, Joachim, 2018. "Innovations to Overcome the Increasingly Complex Problems of Hunger," Working Papers 271348, University of Bonn, Center for Development Research (ZEF).
    9. Gulati, Ashok & Sandip, Das, 2020. "India-Africa Partnership in Trade and Investment: With Focus on the Agriculture and Food Sector," Working Papers 304756, University of Bonn, Center for Development Research (ZEF).
    10. Bekchanov, Maksud & Evia, Pablo, 2018. "Resources Recovery and Reuse in Sanitation and Wastewater Systems: Options and Investment Climate in South and Southeast Asian Countries," Working Papers 274732, University of Bonn, Center for Development Research (ZEF).

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    Keywords

    Resource /Energy Economics and Policy;

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