[go: up one dir, main page]
IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/p/zbw/rwirep/518.html
   My bibliography  Save this paper

Mergers and Acquisitions in the German Hospital Market – Who are the Targets?

Author

Listed:
  • Pilny, Adam
Abstract
Since the introduction of the DRG system in 2004, the German hospital market experienced a stream of consolidations in terms of mergers and acquisitions, resulting in a decreasing number of hospital owners. In this study, I examine the ex-ante characteristics of hospitals prior to a merger or an acquisition occurring between 2005 and 2010 in Germany, predominantly focusing on the financial conditions of hospitals. The results reveal that hospitals with a higher probability of default and less liquid resources are more often the targets of acquisitions. On the other hand, hospitals with a lower equity-to-assets ratio exhibit a higher probability of merger. This pattern can be explained by different motives and rationales of hospital chains and potential investors.

Suggested Citation

  • Pilny, Adam, 2014. "Mergers and Acquisitions in the German Hospital Market – Who are the Targets?," Ruhr Economic Papers 518, RWI - Leibniz-Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung, Ruhr-University Bochum, TU Dortmund University, University of Duisburg-Essen.
    • Handle: RePEc:zbw:rwirep:518
    DOI: 10.4419/86788593
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.econstor.eu/bitstream/10419/104738/1/81064536X.pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.4419/86788593?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Christoph Schwierz, 2011. "Expansion in markets with decreasing demand‐for‐profits in the German hospital industry," Health Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 20(6), pages 675-687, June.
    2. Dranove, David, 1998. "Economies of scale in non-revenue producing cost centers: Implications for hospital mergers," Journal of Health Economics, Elsevier, vol. 17(1), pages 69-83, January.
    3. Peter Haan & Arne Uhlendorff, 2006. "Estimation of multinomial logit models with unobserved heterogeneity using maximum simulated likelihood," Stata Journal, StataCorp LP, vol. 6(2), pages 229-245, June.
    4. Henry Hansmann & Daniel Kessler & Mark B. McClellan, 2003. "Ownership Form and Trapped Capital in the Hospital Industry," NBER Chapters, in: The Governance of Not-for-Profit Organizations, pages 45-70, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    5. Walter Krämer, 2011. "The Cult of Statistical Significance – What Economists Should and Should Not Do to Make their Data Talk," Schmollers Jahrbuch : Journal of Applied Social Science Studies / Zeitschrift für Wirtschafts- und Sozialwissenschaften, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin, vol. 131(3), pages 455-468.
    6. Edward I. Altman, 1968. "The Prediction Of Corporate Bankruptcy: A Discriminant Analysis," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 23(1), pages 193-194, March.
    7. repec:zbw:rwimat:052 is not listed on IDEAS
    8. David Dranove & Mark Shanley, 1995. "Cost reductions or reputation enhancement as motives for mergers: The logic of multihospital systems," Strategic Management Journal, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 16(1), pages 55-74.
    9. Dranove, David & Lindrooth, Richard, 2003. "Hospital consolidation and costs: another look at the evidence," Journal of Health Economics, Elsevier, vol. 22(6), pages 983-997, November.
    10. Boris Augurzky & Dirk Engel & Christoph M. Schmidt & Christoph Schwierz, 2012. "Ownership And Financial Sustainability Of German Acute Care Hospitals," Health Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 21(7), pages 811-824, July.
    11. J. Scott Long & Jeremy Freese, 2006. "Regression Models for Categorical Dependent Variables using Stata, 2nd Edition," Stata Press books, StataCorp LP, edition 2, number long2, March.
    12. Hentschker, Corinna & Mennicken, Roman & Schmid, Andreas, 2014. "Defining Hospital Markets - An Application to the German Hospital Sector," EconStor Open Access Articles and Book Chapters, ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics, vol. 4(28), pages 1-17.
    13. Augurzky, Boris & Gülker, Rosemarie & Krolop, Sebastian & Schmidt, Christoph M. & Schmidt, Hartmut & Schmitz, Hendrik & Terkatz, Stefan, 2010. "Krankenhaus Rating Report 2010: Licht und Schatten," RWI Materialien 59, RWI - Leibniz-Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung.
    14. Robert Town & Roger Feldman & Douglas Wholey, 2004. "The Impact of Ownership Conversions on HMO Performance," International Journal of Health Economics and Management, Springer, vol. 4(4), pages 327-342, December.
    15. Edward I. Altman, 1968. "Financial Ratios, Discriminant Analysis And The Prediction Of Corporate Bankruptcy," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 23(4), pages 589-609, September.
    16. Teresa D. Harrison, 2007. "Consolidations and closures: an empirical analysis of exits from the hospital industry," Health Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 16(5), pages 457-474, May.
    17. Coenen, Michael & Haucap, Justus & Herr, Annika, 2011. "Regionalität: Wettbewerbliche Überlegungen zum Krankenhausmarkt," DICE Ordnungspolitische Perspektiven 13, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf Institute for Competition Economics (DICE).
    18. repec:zbw:rwirep:0469 is not listed on IDEAS
    19. Ranjani A. Krishnan & Satish Joshi & Hema Krishnan, 2004. "The influence of mergers on firms' product‐mix strategies," Strategic Management Journal, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 25(6), pages 587-611, June.
    20. John R. Bowblis, 2011. "Ownership conversion and closure in the nursing home industry," Health Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 20(6), pages 631-644, June.
    21. Jarrell, Gregg A & Brickley, James A & Netter, Jeffry M, 1988. "The Market for Corporate Control: The Empirical Evidence Since 1980," Journal of Economic Perspectives, American Economic Association, vol. 2(1), pages 49-68, Winter.
    22. Augurzky, Boris & Beivers, Andreas & Neubauer, Günter & Schwierz, Christoph, 2009. "Bedeutung der Krankenhäuser in privater Trägerschaft," RWI Materialien 52, RWI - Leibniz-Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Sriubaite, Ieva, 2021. "Who will be the mediator? Local politics and hospital closures in Germany," Ruhr Economic Papers 897, RWI - Leibniz-Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung, Ruhr-University Bochum, TU Dortmund University, University of Duisburg-Essen.
    2. Martin Salm & Ansgar Wübker, 2020. "Do hospitals respond to decreasing prices by supplying more services?," Health Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 29(2), pages 209-222, February.
    3. Salm, Martin & Wübker, Ansgar, 2018. "Do higher hospital reimbursement prices improve quality of care?," Ruhr Economic Papers 779, RWI - Leibniz-Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung, Ruhr-University Bochum, TU Dortmund University, University of Duisburg-Essen.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. repec:zbw:rwirep:0518 is not listed on IDEAS
    2. Adam Pilny, 2014. "Mergers and Acquisitions in the German Hospital Market – Who are the Targets?," Ruhr Economic Papers 0518, Rheinisch-Westfälisches Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universität Dortmund, Universität Duisburg-Essen.
    3. Sriubaite, Ieva, 2021. "Who will be the mediator? Local politics and hospital closures in Germany," Ruhr Economic Papers 897, RWI - Leibniz-Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung, Ruhr-University Bochum, TU Dortmund University, University of Duisburg-Essen.
    4. Adam Pilny, 2017. "Explaining Differentials in Subsidy Levels Among Hospital Ownership Types in Germany," Health Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 26(5), pages 566-581, May.
    5. Adam Pilny, 2014. "Explaining Differentials in Subsidy Levels among Hospital Ownership Types in Germany," Ruhr Economic Papers 0517, Rheinisch-Westfälisches Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universität Dortmund, Universität Duisburg-Essen.
    6. repec:zbw:rwirep:0517 is not listed on IDEAS
    7. Youssef Zizi & Mohamed Oudgou & Abdeslam El Moudden, 2020. "Determinants and Predictors of SMEs’ Financial Failure: A Logistic Regression Approach," Risks, MDPI, vol. 8(4), pages 1-21, October.
    8. Augurzky, Boris & Engel, Dirk & Schmidt, Christoph M. & Schwierz, Christoph, 2009. "Ownership and Financial Performance in the German Hospital Sector," Ruhr Economic Papers 123, RWI - Leibniz-Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung, Ruhr-University Bochum, TU Dortmund University, University of Duisburg-Essen.
    9. repec:zbw:rwirep:0198 is not listed on IDEAS
    10. Barro, Jason R. & Huckman, Robert S. & Kessler, Daniel P., 2006. "The effects of cardiac specialty hospitals on the cost and quality of medical care," Journal of Health Economics, Elsevier, vol. 25(4), pages 702-721, July.
    11. Augurzky, Boris & Schmitz, Hendrik, 2010. "Is there a Future for Small Hospitals in Germany?," Ruhr Economic Papers 198, RWI - Leibniz-Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung, Ruhr-University Bochum, TU Dortmund University, University of Duisburg-Essen.
    12. Wennberg, Karl & Wiklund, Johan & DeTienne, Dawn R. & Cardon, Melissa S., 2010. "Reconceptualizing entrepreneurial exit: Divergent exit routes and their drivers," Journal of Business Venturing, Elsevier, vol. 25(4), pages 361-375, July.
    13. Boris Augurzky & Hendrik Schmitz, 2010. "Is there a Future for Small Hospitals in Germany?," Ruhr Economic Papers 0198, Rheinisch-Westfälisches Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universität Dortmund, Universität Duisburg-Essen.
    14. Helda Azevedo & Céu Mateus, 2014. "Cost effects of hospital mergers in Portugal," The European Journal of Health Economics, Springer;Deutsche Gesellschaft für Gesundheitsökonomie (DGGÖ), vol. 15(9), pages 999-1010, December.
    15. Boris Augurzky & Dirk Engel & Christoph M. Schmidt & Christoph Schwierz, 2012. "Ownership And Financial Sustainability Of German Acute Care Hospitals," Health Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 21(7), pages 811-824, July.
    16. Jonas Heese, 2017. "The Role of Overbilling in Hospitals’ Earnings Management Decisions," Harvard Business School Working Papers 18-026, Harvard Business School.
    17. Jeong‐Bon Kim & Leye Li & Louise Yi Lu & Yangxin Yu, 2021. "Financial statement comparability and managers’ use of corporate resources," Accounting and Finance, Accounting and Finance Association of Australia and New Zealand, vol. 61(S1), pages 1697-1742, April.
    18. repec:zbw:rwirep:0123 is not listed on IDEAS
    19. Gaynor, Martin & Town, Robert J., 2011. "Competition in Health Care Markets," Handbook of Health Economics, in: Mark V. Pauly & Thomas G. Mcguire & Pedro P. Barros (ed.), Handbook of Health Economics, volume 2, chapter 0, pages 499-637, Elsevier.
    20. Błażej Prusak & Paweł Galiński, 2021. "Approval of an Arrangement in the Restructuring Proceedings and the Financial Condition of Companies Listed on the Stock Exchanges in Warsaw. Is There Any Relationship?," JRFM, MDPI, vol. 14(11), pages 1-16, November.
    21. Ziqi Gao & Leye Li & Louise Yi Lu, 2021. "Social Capital and Managers’ Use of Corporate Resources," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 168(3), pages 593-613, January.
    22. Bill Francis & Iftekhar Hasan & Liuling Liu & Haizhi Wang, 2019. "Employee Treatment and Contracting with Bank Lenders: An Instrumental Approach for Stakeholder Management," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 158(4), pages 1029-1046, September.
    23. Boris Augurzky & Dirk Engel & Christoph M. Schmidt & Christoph Schwierz, 2009. "Ownership and Financial Performance in the German Hospital Sector," Ruhr Economic Papers 0123, Rheinisch-Westfälisches Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universität Dortmund, Universität Duisburg-Essen.
    24. Kim, Irene & Skinner, Douglas J., 2012. "Measuring securities litigation risk," Journal of Accounting and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 53(1), pages 290-310.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    hospital market; mergers; acquisitions; consolidation;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • I11 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Health - - - Analysis of Health Care Markets
    • L33 - Industrial Organization - - Nonprofit Organizations and Public Enterprise - - - Comparison of Public and Private Enterprise and Nonprofit Institutions; Privatization; Contracting Out

    NEP fields

    This paper has been announced in the following NEP Reports:

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:zbw:rwirep:518. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://edirc.repec.org/data/rwiesde.html .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.