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Ergänzende Kapitaldeckung der Altersvorsorge: Gründe, Gestaltungsoptionen und Auswirkungen

Author

Listed:
  • Werding, Martin
  • Schaffranka, Claudia
  • Nöh, Lukas
  • Lembcke, Franziska
Abstract
Der demografische Alterungsprozess, der in Deutschland besonders ausgeprägt ist, tritt nun in eine akute Phase. Die Renteneinritte der "Baby boomer" lassen die Zahl der Erwerbstätigen in den nächsten Jahren schrumpfen, während die Zahl der Rentenbezieherinnen und -bezieher wächst. Diese Entwicklung bringt das Umlagesystem der Gesetzlichen Rentenversicherung (GRV) unter Druck, was entweder kontinuierlich steigende Beitragssätze oder ein sinkendes Sicherungsniveau der Renten erfordert. Deshalb wurde in Deutschland bereits 2001 ein Reformpfad eingeschlagen, das bestehende Umlagesystem stärker durch eine kapitalgedeckte Altersvorsorge zu ergänzen. Mit den "Riester-Renten" wurde ein neues Instrument der - in erster Linie privaten - Altersvorsorge für GRV-Versicherte geschaffen und mit einer staatlichen Förderung versehen, die sich vor allem an Versicherte mit niedrigem Einkommen richtet. 20 Jahre nach ihrer Einführung steckt die "Riester-Rente" in einer Sackgasse. Die Zahl aller abgeschlossenen Riester-Verträge hat seit 2016 kaum weiter zugenommen und war zuletzt sogar rückläufig. Rund 20 bis 25% der Verträge sind ruhend gestellt, das heißt, die Versicherten zahlen nicht weiter ein. Wichtige Gründe dafür liegen in niedrigen Renditen und hohen Gebühren der bestehenden Vorsorgeprodukte. [...]

Suggested Citation

  • Werding, Martin & Schaffranka, Claudia & Nöh, Lukas & Lembcke, Franziska, 2023. "Ergänzende Kapitaldeckung der Altersvorsorge: Gründe, Gestaltungsoptionen und Auswirkungen," Working Papers 02/2023, German Council of Economic Experts / Sachverständigenrat zur Begutachtung der gesamtwirtschaftlichen Entwicklung.
    • Handle: RePEc:zbw:svrwwp:022023
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
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    JEL classification:

    • H55 - Public Economics - - National Government Expenditures and Related Policies - - - Social Security and Public Pensions
    • G28 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Government Policy and Regulation
    • J18 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics - - - Public Policy

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