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A matter of life and death? Hospital distance and quality of care: Evidence from emergency room closures and myocardial infarctions

Author

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  • Avdic, D.
Abstract
Recent health care centralization trends raise the important question of the extent to which the quality of emergency medical services may offset effects from decreased access to emergency health care. This article analyzes whether residential proximity from an emergency room affects the probability of surviving an acute myocardial infarction (AMI). The critical time aspect in AMI treatment provides an ideal application forevaluating this proximity-outcome hypothesis. Previous studies have encountered empirical difficulties relating to potential endogenous health-based spatial sorting of involved agents and data limitations on out-of-hospital mortality. Using policy-induced variation in hospital distance arising from emergency room closures in the highly regulated Swedish health care sector and data on all AMI deaths in Sweden over two decades, estimation results show a clear and gradually declining probability of surviving an AMI as residential distance from an emergency room increases. The results further show that spatial sorting is likely to significantly attenuate the distance effect unless accounted for.

Suggested Citation

  • Avdic, D., 2014. "A matter of life and death? Hospital distance and quality of care: Evidence from emergency room closures and myocardial infarctions," Health, Econometrics and Data Group (HEDG) Working Papers 14/18, HEDG, c/o Department of Economics, University of York.
    • Handle: RePEc:yor:hectdg:14/18
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Buchmueller, Thomas C. & Jacobson, Mireille & Wold, Cheryl, 2006. "How far to the hospital?: The effect of hospital closures on access to care," Journal of Health Economics, Elsevier, vol. 25(4), pages 740-761, July.
    2. AfDB AfDB, . "Annual Report 2012," Annual Report, African Development Bank, number 461.
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    Cited by:

    1. Paola Bertoli & Veronica Grembi, 2017. "The life‐saving effect of hospital proximity," Health Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 26(S2), pages 78-91, September.
    2. Péter Elek & Balázs Váradi & Márton Varga, 2015. "Effects of Geographical Accessibility on the Use of Outpatient Care Services: Quasi‐Experimental Evidence from Panel Count Data," Health Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 24(9), pages 1131-1146, September.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    myocardial infarction; geographical access; hospital closure; health policy; spatial sorting; self-selection; causal effect;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • I14 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Health - - - Health and Inequality
    • I18 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Health - - - Government Policy; Regulation; Public Health

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