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Education and Children’s Work: Spain, Latin America, and Developing Countries

In: Changes in Population, Inequality and Human Capital Formation in the Americas in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries

Author

Listed:
  • Enriqueta Camps-Cura

    (Pompeu Fabra University)

Abstract
We already stressed that the twentieth century has significantly been labeled as the human capital century, specially in North America. In this chapter we focus on Latin America in a more widely comparative perspective with other developing countries and the previous metropolis, Spain. We focus on key aspects of women and child labor market participation levels and education. While in developed regions of Spain the increase of levels of education of women and children was a process that modestly began during the nineteenth century and took place during all the twentieth century, in developing countries and more precisely in Latin America the process of educational reform was slow and began in the twentieth century. Uneducated mothers with low levels of income conceived uneducated children that were soon part of the labor force, particularly in unskilled occupations of the informal sector of the economy. But in the Latin American case there is a trend towards the improvement of women’s and children’s condition during the last third of the twentieth century. The increase of levels of education of women brought with it the decline of levels of participation of children and the improvement of demographic conditions (infant mortality and fertility) as we already stressed in Chapter 4 .

Suggested Citation

  • Enriqueta Camps-Cura, 2019. "Education and Children’s Work: Spain, Latin America, and Developing Countries," Palgrave Studies in Economic History, in: Changes in Population, Inequality and Human Capital Formation in the Americas in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries, chapter 0, pages 87-107, Palgrave Macmillan.
    • Handle: RePEc:pal:palscp:978-3-030-21351-0_6
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-21351-0_6
    as

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