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School choice and the city: Geographies of allocation and segregation

Author

Listed:
  • Deborah Wilson

    (University of Bristol, UK)

  • Gary Bridge

    (Cardiff University, UK)

Abstract
Urban research has increasingly acknowledged the significance of the social and spatial composition of schools in the broader socio-spatial dynamics of cities overall. With increasingly marketised education systems, parental choice of school is a key mechanism affecting wider urban processes such as gentrification. Most research into school choice in cities concentrates on the dynamics of choice (how and what parents say they choose). Fewer studies deal with the relationship between choice and the subsequent allocation of pupils to schools. This paper reports the findings of an international systematic review of the connections between parental choice and pupil allocation in school choice systems across the globe. We find that school choice is associated with higher levels of segregation of pupils from different socioeconomic and ethnic backgrounds between schools. This finding is consistent across all types of choice mechanism, in different countries and cities, and across choice systems that have been in place for different lengths of time. The reasons behind the observed relationship are, however, highly localised and contextual, including particularities of the choice mechanism, social composition of neighbourhoods and mix of school types in a city. Increases in between-school segregation may lead to schools being more homogeneous in their social composition, with broader implications for social cohesion and educational inequalities in cities. Relating the findings to the broader urban school literatures, we suggest that scales and geographies of allocation are critical in understanding the dilemmas and dynamics of choice, the resultant inequalities, and any proposed interventions or solutions to reduce these inequalities.

Suggested Citation

  • Deborah Wilson & Gary Bridge, 2019. "School choice and the city: Geographies of allocation and segregation," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 56(15), pages 3198-3215, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:sae:urbstu:v:56:y:2019:i:15:p:3198-3215
    DOI: 10.1177/0042098019843481
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Simon Burgess & Deborah Wilson & Ruth Lupton, 2005. "Parallel Lives? Ethnic Segregation in Schools and Neighbourhoods," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 42(7), pages 1027-1056, June.
    2. Simon Burgess & Ellen Greaves & Anna Vignoles & Deborah Wilson, 2015. "What Parents Want: School Preferences and School Choice," Economic Journal, Royal Economic Society, vol. 125(587), pages 1262-1289, September.
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    4. Willem R Boterman, 2019. "The role of geography in school segregation in the free parental choice context of Dutch cities," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 56(15), pages 3074-3094, November.
    5. O'Campo, Patricia & Molnar, Agnes & Ng, Edwin & Renahy, Emilie & Mitchell, Christiane & Shankardass, Ketan & St. John, Alexander & Bambra, Clare & Muntaner, Carles, 2015. "Social welfare matters: A realist review of when, how, and why unemployment insurance impacts poverty and health," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 132(C), pages 88-94.
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    Cited by:

    1. Gijs Custers & Marjolijn Das & Godfried Engbersen, 2023. "Change or stability in educational inequalities? Educational mobility and school effects in the context of a major urban policy," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 60(14), pages 2852-2873, November.
    2. Tiit Tammaru & David Knapp & Siiri Silm & Maarten van Ham & Frank Witlox, 2021. "Spatial Underpinnings of Social Inequalities: A Vicious Circles of Segregation Approach," Social Inclusion, Cogitatio Press, vol. 9(2), pages 65-76.
    3. Leïla Frouillou, 2022. "La dimension spatiale des inégalités scolaires," Post-Print halshs-03801851, HAL.
    4. Jaap Nieuwenhuis & Jiayi Xu, 2021. "Residential Segregation and Unequal Access to Schools," Social Inclusion, Cogitatio Press, vol. 9(2), pages 142-153.
    5. Pablo Santiago Serrati, 2024. "School and residential segregation in the reproduction of urban segregation: A case study in Buenos Aires," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 61(2), pages 313-330, February.

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