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Opportunity Costs of Defense: Some Cross-National Evidence

Author

Listed:
  • David Dabelko

    (Department of Government Ohio University)

  • James M. McCormick

    (Department of Political Science Iowa State University)

Abstract
This paper assesses the impact of changes in military spending on spending levels for public education and public health in a number of countries for selected years from 1950-1972. First, the opportunity costs argument is evaluated across all the nations selected and then two intervening variables — level of economic development and regime type — are introduced to specify the relationship. The major findings are: (1) opportunity costs do exist for education and health across all nations and all years, but they are weak in magnitude; (2) levels of economic development have little or no impact upon the opportunity costs for these policy areas; (3) personalist regimes tend to have higher opportunity costs of defence than do centrist and polyarchic regimes. With regard to the latter two regime types, an additional finding occurs: centrist regimes in recent years are lowering their opportunity costs of defense for education and health while polyarchic regimes have been increasing theirs. Implications of the findings for the opportunity costs notion are then summarized.

Suggested Citation

  • David Dabelko & James M. McCormick, 1977. "Opportunity Costs of Defense: Some Cross-National Evidence," Journal of Peace Research, Peace Research Institute Oslo, vol. 14(2), pages 145-154, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:sae:joupea:v:14:y:1977:i:2:p:145-154
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    File URL: http://jpr.sagepub.com/content/14/2/145.abstract
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    Cited by:

    1. Ying Zhang & Xiaoxing Liu & Jiaxin Xu & Rui Wang, 2017. "Does military spending promote social welfare? A comparative analysis of the BRICS and G7 countries," Defence and Peace Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 28(6), pages 686-702, November.
    2. Ying Zhang & Xiaoxing Liu & Rui Wang & Ruobing Tang, 2016. "Revisiting the “Guns versus Butter” Argument in China (1950–2014): New Evidence from the Continuous Wavelet Analysis," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 8(7), pages 1-13, July.
    3. Eric S. Lin & Hamid E. Ali & Yu-Lung Lu, 2015. "Does Military Spending Crowd Out Social Welfare Expenditures? Evidence from a Panel of OECD Countries," Defence and Peace Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 26(1), pages 33-48, February.
    4. Economou Emmanouil M.L. & Kyriazis Nicholas C., 2016. "Choosing Peace Instead of War. A Lesson from Athenian Democracy," Peace Economics, Peace Science, and Public Policy, De Gruyter, vol. 22(2), pages 191-212, April.

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