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Du keynésianisme au libertarianisme.La place de la monnaie dans les transformations du savoir économique autorisé

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  • Théret, Bruno
Abstract
Cet article est une tentative pour essayer de comprendre et expliquer la responsabilité de la science économique dans le surgissement et l’aggravation de la crise actuelle. Il examine les interrelations entre les trois courants d’idées qui dominent aujourd’hui dans les départements d’économie et de finance des universités. Les approches de l’économie financière et de la macroéconomie « nouvelle classique », combinées au renouveau de la pensée « autrichienne », constituent, par leur commune référence idéologique à un libéralisme radical, un oligopole « libertarien » contrôlant la nouvelle science économique qui, conjointement à la globalisation financière, s’est développé aux États-Unis. Comme l’article part du fait que la crise actuelle est d’essence monétaire, l’analyse de cet oligopole est menée à partir de la place qui est dévolue à la monnaie dans les corpus d’idées qu’il combine. Ce choix est justifié dans une première partie. La deuxième partie montre comment la monnaie, dont une caractéristique essentielle est qu’elle n’a pas de place dans la théorie de l’équilibre général, a « travaillé » la science économique étatsunienne mainstream à partir des années 1970. La troisième partie présente une topographie du champ des idées économiques qui permet de comprendre comment les trois courants, malgré leurs différences profondes, ont pu s’allier pour former l’oligopole libertarien qui contrôle le régime actuel des idées économiques autorisées. La quatrième partie examine le paradoxe d’une science qui professe l’autorégulation parfaite des marchés et donc sa propre inutilité sociale, alors même qu’elle a pris une place de plus en plus importante dans le fonctionnement économique et politique de l’économie capitaliste de marché.

Suggested Citation

  • Théret, Bruno, 2011. "Du keynésianisme au libertarianisme.La place de la monnaie dans les transformations du savoir économique autorisé," Revue de la Régulation - Capitalisme, institutions, pouvoirs, Association Recherche et Régulation, vol. 10.
    • Handle: RePEc:rvr:journl:2012:9529
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    crise; éthique scientifique; libertarianisme; monnaie; savoir économique autorisé; crisis; ética científica; libertarianismo; moneda; saber económico autorizado; authorized economic knowledge; crisis; libertarianism; money; scientific ethics;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • B20 - Schools of Economic Thought and Methodology - - History of Economic Thought since 1925 - - - General
    • E42 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Money and Interest Rates - - - Monetary Sytsems; Standards; Regimes; Government and the Monetary System
    • E52 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit - - - Monetary Policy
    • G38 - Financial Economics - - Corporate Finance and Governance - - - Government Policy and Regulation
    • Z19 - Other Special Topics - - Cultural Economics - - - Other

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