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Political Identity: Experimental Evidence on Anti-Americanism in Pakistan
[Economics And Identity]

Author

Listed:
  • Leonardo Bursztyn
  • Michael Callen
  • Bruno Ferman
  • Saad Gulzar
  • Ali Hasanain
  • Noam Yuchtman
Abstract
We identify Pakistani men’s willingness to pay to preserve their anti-American identity using two experiments imposing clearly specified financial costs on anti-American expression, with minimal consequential or social considerations. In two distinct studies, one-quarter to one-third of subjects forgo payments from the U.S. government worth around one-fifth of a day’s wage to avoid an identity-threatening choice: anonymously checking a box indicating gratitude toward the U.S. government. We find sensitivity to both payment size and anticipated social context: when subjects anticipate that rejection will be observable by others, rejection falls suggesting that, for some, social image can outweigh self-image.

Suggested Citation

  • Leonardo Bursztyn & Michael Callen & Bruno Ferman & Saad Gulzar & Ali Hasanain & Noam Yuchtman, 2020. "Political Identity: Experimental Evidence on Anti-Americanism in Pakistan [Economics And Identity]," Journal of the European Economic Association, European Economic Association, vol. 18(5), pages 2532-2560.
    • Handle: RePEc:oup:jeurec:v:18:y:2020:i:5:p:2532-2560.
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    File URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1093/jeea/jvz053
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    Cited by:

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    2. Nicolás Ajzenman & Bruno Ferman & Pedro C. Sant’Anna, 2023. "Rooting for the Same Team: On the Interplay between Political and Social Identities in the Formation of Social Ties," Working Papers 231, Red Nacional de Investigadores en Economía (RedNIE).
    3. Gaia Dossi & Marta Morando, 2023. "Political ideology and innovation," CEP Discussion Papers dp1969, Centre for Economic Performance, LSE.
    4. Adam Osman & Jamin D. Speer, 2024. "Stigma and take‐up of labour market assistance: Evidence from two field experiments," Economica, London School of Economics and Political Science, vol. 91(361), pages 123-141, January.
    5. Muñoz, Manuel, 2024. "Identity change and economic mobility: Experimental evidence," Games and Economic Behavior, Elsevier, vol. 145(C), pages 493-509.
    6. Roberto A. Weber & Sili Zhang, 2023. "What Money Can Buy: How Market Exchange Promotes Values," CESifo Working Paper Series 10809, CESifo.
    7. Vicente, Pedro C. & Vilela, Inês, 2022. "Preventing Islamic radicalization: Experimental evidence on anti-social behavior," Journal of Comparative Economics, Elsevier, vol. 50(2), pages 474-485.

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    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • P16 - Political Economy and Comparative Economic Systems - - Capitalist Economies - - - Capitalist Institutions; Welfare State
    • D00 - Microeconomics - - General - - - General
    • C90 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Design of Experiments - - - General

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