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The Synergy and Cycle Values in Regional Innovation Systems: The Case of Norway

Author

Listed:
  • Inga Ivanova

    (National Research University Higher School of Economics (Russia))

  • Oivind Strand

    (Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU, Norway))

  • Loet Leydesdorff

    (University of Amsterdam (The Netherlands))

Abstract
The innovation capacity of a system can be measured as the synergy in interactions among its parts. Synergy can be considered as a consequence of negative entropies among three parts of the system. We analyze the development of synergy value in the Norwegian innovation system in terms of mutual information among geographical, sectorial, and size distributions of firms. We use three different techniques for the evaluation of the evolution of synergy over time: rescaled range analysis, DFT, and geographical synergy decomposition. The data was provided by Statistics Norway for all Norwegian firms registered in the database between 2002 and 2014. The results suggest that the synergy at the level of both the country and its seven regions show non-chaotic oscillatory behavior which resonates in a set of natural frequencies. The finding of a set of frequencies implies a complex Triple-Helix structure, composed of many elementary triple helices, which can be theorized in terms of a fractal TH manifold.

Suggested Citation

  • Inga Ivanova & Oivind Strand & Loet Leydesdorff, 2019. "The Synergy and Cycle Values in Regional Innovation Systems: The Case of Norway," Foresight and STI Governance (Foresight-Russia till No. 3/2015), National Research University Higher School of Economics, vol. 13(1), pages 48-61.
    • Handle: RePEc:hig:fsight:v:13:y:2019:i:1:p:48-61
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Leydesdorff, Loet & Fritsch, Michael, 2006. "Measuring the knowledge base of regional innovation systems in Germany in terms of a Triple Helix dynamics," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 35(10), pages 1538-1553, December.
    2. Fred Y. Ye & Susan S. Yu & Loet Leydesdorff, 2013. "The Triple Helix of university‐industry‐government relations at the country level and its dynamic evolution under the pressures of globalization," Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology, Association for Information Science & Technology, vol. 64(11), pages 2317-2325, November.
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    5. Ki-Seok Kwon & Han Woo Park & Minho So & Loet Leydesdorff, 2012. "Has globalization strengthened South Korea’s national research system? National and international dynamics of the Triple Helix of scientific co-authorship relationships in South Korea," Scientometrics, Springer;Akadémiai Kiadó, vol. 90(1), pages 163-176, January.
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    7. Robert Dixon & David Shepherd, 2001. "Trends and Cycles in Australian State and Territory Unemployment Rates," The Economic Record, The Economic Society of Australia, vol. 77(238), pages 252-269, September.
    8. Loet Leydesdorff & Øivind Strand, 2013. "The Swedish system of innovation: Regional synergies in a knowledge-based economy," Journal of the Association for Information Science & Technology, Association for Information Science & Technology, vol. 64(9), pages 1890-1902, September.
    9. J. M. Samuels, 1965. "Size and The Growth of Firms," The Review of Economic Studies, Review of Economic Studies Ltd, vol. 32(2), pages 105-112.
    10. Leydesdorff, Loet & Dolfsma, Wilfred & Van der Panne, Gerben, 2006. "Measuring the knowledge base of an economy in terms of triple-helix relations among 'technology, organization, and territory'," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 35(2), pages 181-199, March.
    11. Ivanova, Inga A. & Leydesdorff, Loet, 2014. "Rotational symmetry and the transformation of innovation systems in a Triple Helix of university–industry–government relations," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 86(C), pages 143-156.
    12. Inga A. Ivanova & Loet Leydesdorff, 2014. "A simulation model of the Triple Helix of university–industry–government relations and the decomposition of the redundancy," Scientometrics, Springer;Akadémiai Kiadó, vol. 99(3), pages 927-948, June.
    13. Balazs Lengyel & Loet Leydesdorff, 2011. "Regional Innovation Systems in Hungary: The Failing Synergy at the National Level," Regional Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 45(5), pages 677-693.
    14. Torres,Francisco & Giavazzi,Francesco (ed.), 1993. "Adjustment and Growth in the European Monetary Union," Cambridge Books, Cambridge University Press, number 9780521440196, September.
    15. Loet Leydesdorff & Han Woo Park & Balazs Lengyel, 2014. "A routine for measuring synergy in university–industry–government relations: mutual information as a Triple-Helix and Quadruple-Helix indicator," Scientometrics, Springer;Akadémiai Kiadó, vol. 99(1), pages 27-35, April.
    16. Robert Dixon & David Shepherd, 2013. "Regional Dimensions of the Australian Business Cycle," Regional Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 47(2), pages 264-281, February.
    17. Loet Leydesdorff & Yuan Sun, 2009. "National and international dimensions of the Triple Helix in Japan: University–industry–government versus international coauthorship relations," Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology, Association for Information Science & Technology, vol. 60(4), pages 778-788, April.
    18. Strand, Øivind & Leydesdorff, Loet, 2013. "Where is synergy indicated in the Norwegian innovation system? Triple-Helix relations among technology, organization, and geography," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 80(3), pages 471-484.
    19. de Groot, Bert & Franses, Philip Hans, 2012. "Common socio-economic cycle periods," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 79(1), pages 59-68.
    20. Loet Leydesdorff & Evgeniy Perevodchikov & Alexander Uvarov, 2015. "Measuring triple-helix synergy in the Russian innovation systems at regional, provincial, and national levels," Journal of the Association for Information Science & Technology, Association for Information Science & Technology, vol. 66(6), pages 1229-1238, June.
    21. Loet Leydesdorff & Ping Zhou, 2014. "Measuring the knowledge-based economy of China in terms of synergy among technological, organizational, and geographic attributes of firms," Scientometrics, Springer;Akadémiai Kiadó, vol. 98(3), pages 1703-1719, March.
    22. Loet Leydesdorff & Inga A. Ivanova, 2014. "Mutual redundancies in interhuman communication systems: Steps toward a calculus of processing meaning," Journal of the Association for Information Science & Technology, Association for Information Science & Technology, vol. 65(2), pages 386-399, February.
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    triple helix; knowledge base; innovations; synergy; cycles; regional innovation system; regions of Norway;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • O21 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Development Planning and Policy - - - Planning Models; Planning Policy
    • O31 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Innovation; Research and Development; Technological Change; Intellectual Property Rights - - - Innovation and Invention: Processes and Incentives
    • O32 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Innovation; Research and Development; Technological Change; Intellectual Property Rights - - - Management of Technological Innovation and R&D

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