[go: up one dir, main page]
IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jjrfmx/v17y2024i5p180-d1382939.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

The Linkage between Corporate Research and Development Intensity and Stock Returns: Empirical Evidence

Author

Listed:
  • Sameena Ghazal

    (Faculty of Management Studies & Research, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202001, India)

  • Tariq Aziz

    (Faculty of Management Studies & Research, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202001, India)

  • Mosab I. Tabash

    (College of Business, Al Ain University, Al Ain P.O. Box 64141, United Arab Emirates)

  • Krzysztof Drachal

    (Faculty of Economic Sciences, University of Warsaw, ul. Długa 44/50, 00-241 Warszawa, Poland)

Abstract
Research and development (R&D) is a significant driver of innovation that leads to superior performance. The present study attempts to examine the relationship between R&D intensity and a firm’s performance at both aggregate and industry levels in the emerging market of India using a battery of R&D intensity measures and stock market returns as a measure of a firm’s performance. The study was conducted on 1097 companies from six R&D-intensive industries. The Fama-French portfolio formation method was used to evaluate the stock market performance of R&D-intensive firms for both equal-weighted (EW) and value-weighted (VW) returns. The findings suggest that R&D intensity and stock returns show a positive relationship. A long–short strategy in R&D-intense firms has yielded 1.43% ( t = 4.22) per month in the sample. In general, the results suggest an undervaluation of highly R&D-intensive firms that investors can exploit for above-average returns. The effect is not homogeneous across return schemes (equal-weighted and value-weighted) or across industries. R&D growth measures and R&D capital are not found to have significant impacts on stock returns. Both the market firm size and age are included as control variables, and the results reveal that the relationship is robust to these control variables. The sub-periods ranging from 2000 to 2007 and 2008 to 2019 have been considered in the present study and the results are consistent with the overall sample. The study fills the existing empirical void for R&D intensity and stock returns in relation to the emerging market of India.

Suggested Citation

  • Sameena Ghazal & Tariq Aziz & Mosab I. Tabash & Krzysztof Drachal, 2024. "The Linkage between Corporate Research and Development Intensity and Stock Returns: Empirical Evidence," JRFM, MDPI, vol. 17(5), pages 1-17, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jjrfmx:v:17:y:2024:i:5:p:180-:d:1382939
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1911-8074/17/5/180/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1911-8074/17/5/180/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Newey, Whitney K & West, Kenneth D, 1987. "Hypothesis Testing with Efficient Method of Moments Estimation," International Economic Review, Department of Economics, University of Pennsylvania and Osaka University Institute of Social and Economic Research Association, vol. 28(3), pages 777-787, October.
    2. Liao, Tung-Shan & Rice, John, 2010. "Innovation investments, market engagement and financial performance: A study among Australian manufacturing SMEs," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 39(1), pages 117-125, February.
    3. Young Sik Kim & Keun Jae Park, 2020. "R&D Spending and Stock Returns: Evidence from South Korea," Asian Economic and Financial Review, Asian Economic and Social Society, vol. 10(7), pages 744-757.
    4. Hall, Bronwyn H, 1993. "The Stock Market's Valuation of R&D Investment during the 1980's," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 83(2), pages 259-264, May.
    5. Chandan Sharma, 2012. "R&D and firm performance: evidence from the Indian pharmaceutical industry," Journal of the Asia Pacific Economy, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 17(2), pages 332-342.
    6. Rafiq, Shuddhasattwa & Salim, Ruhul & Smyth, Russell, 2016. "The moderating role of firm age in the relationship between R&D expenditure and financial performance: Evidence from Chinese and US mining firms," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 56(C), pages 122-132.
    7. Chan, Konan & Chen, Hung-Kun & Hong, Li-Hong & Wang, Yanzhi, 2015. "Stock market valuation of R&D expenditures—The role of corporate governance," Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 31(C), pages 78-93.
    8. Woo Sung Kim & Kunsu Park & Sang Hoon Lee & Hongyoung Kim, 2018. "R&D Investments and Firm Value: Evidence from China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(11), pages 1-17, November.
    9. Bronwyn H. Hall & Robert E. Hall, 1993. "The Value and Performance of U.S. Corporations," Brookings Papers on Economic Activity, Economic Studies Program, The Brookings Institution, vol. 24(1), pages 1-50.
    10. repec:eme:jaar00:jaar-06-2020-0120 is not listed on IDEAS
    11. Lev, Baruch & Sougiannis, Theodore, 1996. "The capitalization, amortization, and value-relevance of R&D," Journal of Accounting and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 21(1), pages 107-138, February.
    12. Dejan Ravšelj & Aleksander Aristovnik, 2020. "The Impact of R&D Expenditures on Corporate Performance: Evidence from Slovenian and World R&D Companies," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(5), pages 1-20, March.
    13. Chen, Sheng-Syan & Chen, Yan-Shing & Liang, Woan-lih & Wang, Yanzhi, 2020. "Public R&D spending and cross-sectional stock returns," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 49(1).
    14. Bowen, Frances E. & Rostami, Mahdi & Steel, Piers, 2010. "Timing is everything: A meta-analysis of the relationships between organizational performance and innovation," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 63(11), pages 1179-1185, November.
    15. Songur, Hilmi & Heavilin, Jason E., 2017. "Abnormal research and development investments and stock returns," The North American Journal of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 42(C), pages 237-249.
    16. Dongmei Li, 2011. "Financial Constraints, R&D Investment, and Stock Returns," The Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 24(9), pages 2974-3007.
    17. Chen, Yiqi & Ibhagui, Oyakhilome W., 2019. "R&D-firm performance nexus: New evidence from NASDAQ listed firms," The North American Journal of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 50(C).
    18. Ming-Liang Yeh & Hsiao-Ping Chu & Peter Sher & Yi-Chia Chiu, 2010. "R&D intensity, firm performance and the identification of the threshold: fresh evidence from the panel threshold regression model," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 42(3), pages 389-401.
    19. Kevin W. Chauvin & Mark Hirschey, 1993. "Advertising, R&D Expenditures and the Market Value of the Firm," Financial Management, Financial Management Association, vol. 22(4), Winter.
    20. David Aboody & Baruch Lev, 2000. "Information Asymmetry, R&D, and Insider Gains," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 55(6), pages 2747-2766, December.
    21. Ruiqi, Wang & Wang, Fangjun & Xu, Luying & Yuan, Changhong, 2017. "R&D expenditures, ultimate ownership and future performance: Evidence from China," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 71(C), pages 47-54.
    22. Baruch Lev, 1999. "R&D And Capital Markets," Journal of Applied Corporate Finance, Morgan Stanley, vol. 11(4), pages 21-35, January.
    23. Bhumiswor Sharma & Srikanth P, 2021. "Research & Development Premium in the Indian Equity Market: An Empirical Study," Asian Economic and Financial Review, Asian Economic and Social Society, vol. 11(10), pages 816-828.
    24. Leung, Woon Sau & Evans, Kevin P. & Mazouz, Khelifa, 2020. "The R&D anomaly: Risk or mispricing?," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 115(C).
    25. Young Sik Kim & Keun Jae Park, 2020. "R&D Spending and Stock Returns: Evidence from South Korea," Asian Economic and Financial Review, Asian Economic and Social Society, vol. 10(7), pages 744-757, July.
    26. Fama, Eugene F. & French, Kenneth R., 1993. "Common risk factors in the returns on stocks and bonds," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 33(1), pages 3-56, February.
    27. Dinesh Jaisinghani, 2016. "Group affiliation, R%D and firm performance: empirical evidence from Indian manufacturing sector," International Journal of Business and Emerging Markets, Inderscience Enterprises Ltd, vol. 8(1), pages 30-48.
    28. Shane A. Corwin & Jay F. Coughenour, 2008. "Limited Attention and the Allocation of Effort in Securities Trading," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 63(6), pages 3031-3067, December.
    29. Pooja Kumari & Chandra Sekhar Mishra, 2021. "The impact of intangible intensity on relevance of R&D information: evidence from India," Journal of Applied Accounting Research, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 22(5), pages 845-868, June.
    30. Elisabeth Dedman & Sulaiman Mouselli & Yun Shen & Andrew W. Stark, 2009. "Accounting, Intangible Assets, Stock Market Activity, and Measurement and Disclosure Policy—Views From the U.K," Abacus, Accounting Foundation, University of Sydney, vol. 45(3), pages 312-341, September.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Songur, Hilmi & Heavilin, Jason E., 2017. "Abnormal research and development investments and stock returns," The North American Journal of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 42(C), pages 237-249.
    2. Alam, Ashraful & Uddin, Moshfique & Yazdifar, Hassan & Shafique, Sujana & Lartey, Theophilus, 2020. "R&D investment, firm performance and moderating role of system and safeguard: Evidence from emerging markets," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 106(C), pages 94-105.
    3. Yu, Lin & Liu, Xiaoquan & Fung, Hung-Gay & Leung, Wai Kin, 2020. "Size and value effects in high-tech industries: The role of R&D investment," The North American Journal of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 51(C).
    4. Hsu, Po-Hsuan & Huang, Dayong, 2010. "Technology prospects and the cross-section of stock returns," Journal of Empirical Finance, Elsevier, vol. 17(1), pages 39-53, January.
    5. Chan, Konan & Lin, Yueh-Hsiang & Wang, Yanzhi, 2017. "Limits-to-arbitrage, investment frictions, and innovation anomalies," Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 43(C), pages 1-14.
    6. David Hirshleifer & Po-Hsuan Hsu & Dongmei Li, 2018. "Innovative Originality, Profitability, and Stock Returns," The Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 31(7), pages 2553-2605.
    7. Chan, Konan & Lin, Yueh-hsiang & Wang, Yanzhi, 2015. "The information content of R&D reductions," Journal of Empirical Finance, Elsevier, vol. 34(C), pages 131-155.
    8. Pascal Nguyen & Sophie Nivoix & Mikiharu Noma, 2010. "The valuation of R&D expenditures in Japan," Accounting and Finance, Accounting and Finance Association of Australia and New Zealand, vol. 50(4), pages 899-920, December.
    9. Cheng Jiang & Kose John & David Larsen, 2021. "R&D investment intensity and jump volatility of stock price," Review of Quantitative Finance and Accounting, Springer, vol. 57(1), pages 235-277, July.
    10. Leung, Woon Sau & Evans, Kevin P. & Mazouz, Khelifa, 2020. "The R&D anomaly: Risk or mispricing?," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 115(C).
    11. Zhang, Wei, 2015. "R&D investment and distress risk," Journal of Empirical Finance, Elsevier, vol. 32(C), pages 94-114.
    12. Woo Sung Kim & Kunsu Park & Sang Hoon Lee & Hongyoung Kim, 2018. "R&D Investments and Firm Value: Evidence from China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(11), pages 1-17, November.
    13. Hall, Bronwyn H. & Oriani, R, 2006. "Does the market value R&D investment by European firms? Evidence from a panel of manufacturing firms in France, Germany, and Italy," Department of Economics, Working Paper Series qt8wc513c1, Department of Economics, Institute for Business and Economic Research, UC Berkeley.
    14. Hegde, Shantaram P. & Mishra, Dev R., 2023. "Patented knowledge capital and implied equity risk premium," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 148(C).
    15. Ho, Simon S.M. & Li, Annie Yuansha & Tam, Kinsun & Tong, Jamie Y., 2016. "Ethical image, corporate social responsibility, and R&D valuation," Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 40(PB), pages 335-348.
    16. Roland Standert, 2020. "R&D Spending and Stock Returns: Evidence from Germany," Journal of Accounting, Business and Finance Research, Scientific Publishing Institute, vol. 10(2), pages 68-75.
    17. da Silva, Raphael Braga & Klotzle, Marcelo Cabus & Figueiredo, Antonio Carlos & da Motta, Luiz Felipe Jacques, 2015. "Innovative intensity and its impact on the performance of firms in Brazil," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 34(C), pages 1-16.
    18. Luisito Bertinelli & Arnaud Bourgain & Florian Léon, 2020. "Corruption and tax compliance: evidence from small retailers in Bamako, Mali," Applied Economics Letters, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 27(5), pages 366-370, March.
    19. Gharbi, Sami & Sahut, Jean-Michel & Teulon, Frédéric, 2014. "R&D investments and high-tech firms' stock return volatility," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 88(C), pages 306-312.
    20. Graham, Roger C. & King, Raymond D., 2013. "Decision usefulness of whole-asset operating lease capitalizations," Advances in accounting, Elsevier, vol. 29(1), pages 60-73.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jjrfmx:v:17:y:2024:i:5:p:180-:d:1382939. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.