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Fine Particulate Matter Concentrations in Urban Chinese Cities, 2005–2016: A Systematic Review

Author

Listed:
  • Mike Z. He

    (Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
    Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY 10032, USA)

  • Xiange Zeng

    (Program in Public Health Studies, Johns Hopkins University Krieger School of Arts and Sciences, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA)

  • Kaiyue Zhang

    (Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing 210000, Jiangsu, China
    Yangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Yangzhou 225000, Jiangsu, China)

  • Patrick L. Kinney

    (Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Boston University, Boston, MD 02118, USA)

Abstract
Background : Particulate matter pollution has become a growing health concern over the past few decades globally. The problem is especially evident in China, where particulate matter levels prior to 2013 are publically unavailable. We conducted a systematic review of scientific literature that reported fine particulate matter (PM 2.5 ) concentrations in different regions of China from 2005 to 2016. Methods : We searched for English articles in PubMed and Embase and for Chinese articles in the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI). We evaluated the studies overall and categorized the collected data into six geographical regions and three economic regions. Results : The mean (SD) PM 2.5 concentration, weighted by the number of sampling days, was 60.64 (33.27) μg/m 3 for all geographic regions and 71.99 (30.20) μg/m 3 for all economic regions. A one-way ANOVA shows statistically significant differences in PM 2.5 concentrations between the various geographic regions (F = 14.91, p < 0.0001) and the three economic regions (F = 4.55, p = 0.01). Conclusions: This review identifies quantifiable differences in fine particulate matter concentrations across regions of China. The highest levels of fine particulate matter were found in the northern and northwestern regions and especially Beijing. The high percentage of data points exceeding current federal regulation standards suggests that fine particulate matter pollution remains a huge problem for China. As pre-2013 emissions data remain largely unavailable, we hope that the data aggregated from this systematic review can be incorporated into current and future models for more accurate historical PM 2.5 estimates.

Suggested Citation

  • Mike Z. He & Xiange Zeng & Kaiyue Zhang & Patrick L. Kinney, 2017. "Fine Particulate Matter Concentrations in Urban Chinese Cities, 2005–2016: A Systematic Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 14(2), pages 1-14, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:14:y:2017:i:2:p:191-:d:90311
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Lihui Huang & Zhongnan Pu & Mu Li & Jan Sundell, 2015. "Characterizing the Indoor-Outdoor Relationship of Fine Particulate Matter in Non-Heating Season for Urban Residences in Beijing," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 10(9), pages 1-17, September.
    2. Ling Yao & Ning Lu, 2014. "Particulate Matter Pollution and Population Exposure Assessment over Mainland China in 2010 with Remote Sensing," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 11(5), pages 1-10, May.
    3. Chih-Cheng Chen & Shang-Shyue Tsai & Chun-Yuh Yang, 2015. "Association between Fine Particulate Air Pollution and Daily Clinic Visits for Migraine in a Subtropical City: Taipei, Taiwan," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 12(5), pages 1-12, April.
    4. Shang-Shyue Tsai & Chih-Ching Chang & Saou-Hsing Liou & Chun-Yuh Yang, 2014. "The Effects of Fine Particulate Air Pollution on Daily Mortality: A Case-Crossover Study in a Subtropical City, Taipei, Taiwan," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 11(5), pages 1-13, May.
    5. Shang-Shyue Tsai & Chih-Ching Chang & Chun-Yuh Yang, 2013. "Fine Particulate Air Pollution and Hospital Admissions for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Case-Crossover Study in Taipei," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 10(11), pages 1-12, November.
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    Cited by:

    1. Lilin Xiong & Jie Li & Ting Xia & Xinyue Hu & Yan Wang & Maonan Sun & Meng Tang, 2018. "Risk Reduction Behaviors Regarding PM 2.5 Exposure among Outdoor Exercisers in the Nanjing Metropolitan Area, China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(8), pages 1-13, August.
    2. Gabriele Donzelli & Agustin Llopis-Gonzalez & Agustin Llopis-Morales & Lorenzo Cioni & María Morales-Suárez-Varela, 2019. "Particulate Matter Exposure and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder in Children: A Systematic Review of Epidemiological Studies," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(1), pages 1-16, December.

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