[go: up one dir, main page]
IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/tefoso/v195y2023ics0040162523004316.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

COVID-19 fake news detection: A hybrid CNN-BiLSTM-AM model

Author

Listed:
  • Xia, Huosong
  • Wang, Yuan
  • Zhang, Justin Zuopeng
  • Zheng, Leven J.
  • Kamal, Muhammad Mustafa
  • Arya, Varsha
Abstract
With the rapid development of technology, social media as a communication platform has caused a significant increase in the dissemination of false information and fake news. We propose an outlier knowledge management framework of “generation–spread–identification–refutation” for detecting fake news in emergencies based on the theory of complex adaptive systems and information transmission. We extract and acquire outlier knowledge of COVID-19 fake news, incorporate it into the outlier knowledge base of major emergencies for knowledge sharing and transformation, classify the acquired knowledge from three dimensions (people, organization, and technology), and develop wisdom according to the extracted knowledge. Our proposed hybrid model is based on Convolutional Neural Network, Bidirectional Long Short-term Memory Network, and Attention Mechanism (AM) for fake news detection, thereby improving the evaluation indicators of Loss, Accuracy, F1-score, and Recall by at least 1 %. The multi-head AM performs better in fake news detection when models with different AMs are adjusted, and significant differences in sentence length and topic distribution can be observed between real and fake news. The model provides a think tank and a platform for public opinion guidance to deal with major emergency news detection.

Suggested Citation

  • Xia, Huosong & Wang, Yuan & Zhang, Justin Zuopeng & Zheng, Leven J. & Kamal, Muhammad Mustafa & Arya, Varsha, 2023. "COVID-19 fake news detection: A hybrid CNN-BiLSTM-AM model," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 195(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:tefoso:v:195:y:2023:i:c:s0040162523004316
    DOI: 10.1016/j.techfore.2023.122746
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0040162523004316
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.techfore.2023.122746?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Samuli Laato & A. K. M. Najmul Islam & Muhammad Nazrul Islam & Eoin Whelan, 2020. "What drives unverified information sharing and cyberchondria during the COVID-19 pandemic?," European Journal of Information Systems, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 29(3), pages 288-305, May.
    2. Stephen Bok & Daniel E. Martin & Erik Acosta & Maria Lee & James Shum, 2021. "Validation of the COVID-19 Transmission Misinformation Scale and Conditional Indirect Negative Effects on Wearing a Mask in Public," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(21), pages 1-23, October.
    3. Xia, Huosong & An, Wuyue & Li, Jiaze & Zhang, Zuopeng (Justin), 2022. "Outlier knowledge management for extreme public health events: Understanding public opinions about COVID-19 based on microblog data," Socio-Economic Planning Sciences, Elsevier, vol. 80(C).
    4. Erkuş, Ekin Can & Purutçuoğlu, Vilda, 2021. "Outlier detection and quasi-periodicity optimization algorithm: Frequency domain based outlier detection (FOD)," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 291(2), pages 560-574.
    5. Zheng, Leven J. & Fan, Youqing & Wang, Huan & Liu, Wei, 2021. "Born innovator? How founder birth order influences product innovation generation and adoption in entrepreneurial firms," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 136(C), pages 414-430.
    6. Adam Kucharski, 2016. "Study epidemiology of fake news," Nature, Nature, vol. 540(7634), pages 525-525, December.
    7. Domenico, Giandomenico Di & Sit, Jason & Ishizaka, Alessio & Nunan, Daniel, 2021. "Fake news, social media and marketing: A systematic review," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 124(C), pages 329-341.
    8. Bruce G. Marcot & Anca M. Hanea, 2021. "What is an optimal value of k in k-fold cross-validation in discrete Bayesian network analysis?," Computational Statistics, Springer, vol. 36(3), pages 2009-2031, September.
    9. Balakrishnan, Vimala & Ng, Kee S. & Rahim, Hajar Abdul, 2021. "To share or not to share – The underlying motives of sharing fake news amidst the COVID-19 pandemic in Malaysia," Technology in Society, Elsevier, vol. 66(C).
    10. Julio Emilio Marco-Franco & Pedro Pita-Barros & David Vivas-Orts & Silvia González-de-Julián & David Vivas-Consuelo, 2021. "COVID-19, Fake News, and Vaccines: Should Regulation Be Implemented?," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(2), pages 1-11, January.
    11. Christian Carvajal-Miranda & Luis Mañas-Viniegra & Li Liang, 2020. "Online Discourse in the Context of COVID-19, the First Health Crisis in China after the Advent of Mobile Social Media: A Content Analysis of China’s Weibo and Baidu," Social Sciences, MDPI, vol. 9(10), pages 1-15, September.
    12. Jeon, Daeseong & Ahn, Joon Mo & Kim, Juram & Lee, Changyong, 2022. "A doc2vec and local outlier factor approach to measuring the novelty of patents," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 174(C).
    13. Toan Luu Duc Huynh, 2020. "The COVID-19 risk perception: A survey on socioeconomics and media attention," Economics Bulletin, AccessEcon, vol. 40(1), pages 758-764.
    14. Islam, A.K.M. Najmul & Laato, Samuli & Talukder, Shamim & Sutinen, Erkki, 2020. "Misinformation sharing and social media fatigue during COVID-19: An affordance and cognitive load perspective," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 159(C).
    15. Viola, Carmine & Toma, Pierluigi & Manta, Francesco & Benvenuto, Marco, 2021. "The more you know, the better you act? Institutional communication in Covid-19 crisis management," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 170(C).
    16. Xiaoyan Liang & Xiwei Zhang & Renee Paulet & Leven Jianwen Zheng, 2022. "A Literature Review of the COVID-19 Pandemic’s Effect on Sustainable HRM," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(5), pages 1-26, February.
    17. Chengcheng Shao & Giovanni Luca Ciampaglia & Onur Varol & Kai-Cheng Yang & Alessandro Flammini & Filippo Menczer, 2018. "The spread of low-credibility content by social bots," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 9(1), pages 1-9, December.
    18. Zheng, Leven J. & Xiong, Chang & Chen, Xihui & Li, Chung-Sheng, 2021. "Product innovation in entrepreneurial firms: How business model design influences disruptive and adoptive innovation," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 170(C).
    19. Kris Hartley & Minh Khuong Vu, 2020. "Fighting fake news in the COVID-19 era: policy insights from an equilibrium model," Policy Sciences, Springer;Society of Policy Sciences, vol. 53(4), pages 735-758, December.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Ronnie Das & Wasim Ahmed, 2022. "Rethinking Fake News: Disinformation and Ideology during the time of COVID-19 Global Pandemic," IIM Kozhikode Society & Management Review, , vol. 11(1), pages 146-159, January.
    2. Sirola, Anu & Nuckols, Julia & Nyrhinen, Jussi & Wilska, Terhi-Anna, 2022. "The use of the Dark Web as a COVID-19 information source: A three-country study," Technology in Society, Elsevier, vol. 70(C).
    3. Zhang, Yuchen & Zheng, Xiaochuan & Wu, Chuanhui & Zhou, Yusheng & Fan, Hao, 2024. "Understanding the health misinformation dissemination on Twitter: The perspective of tweets-comments consistency," Technology in Society, Elsevier, vol. 77(C).
    4. Adrian Kwek & Luke Peh & Josef Tan & Jin Xing Lee, 2023. "Distractions, analytical thinking and falling for fake news: A survey of psychological factors," Palgrave Communications, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 10(1), pages 1-12, December.
    5. Sarraf, Shagun & Kushwaha, Amit Kumar & Kar, Arpan Kumar & Dwivedi, Yogesh K. & Giannakis, Mihalis, 2024. "How did online misinformation impact stockouts in the e-commerce supply chain during COVID-19 – A mixed methods study," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 267(C).
    6. Zaman, Mustafeed & Vo-Thanh, Tan & Nguyen, Chi T.K. & Hasan, Rajibul & Akter, Shahriar & Mariani, Marcello & Hikkerova, Lubica, 2023. "Motives for posting fake reviews: Evidence from a cross-cultural comparison," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 154(C).
    7. Huynh, Toan Luu Duc & Foglia, Matteo & Nasir, Muhammad Ali & Angelini, Eliana, 2021. "Feverish sentiment and global equity markets during the COVID-19 pandemic," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 188(C), pages 1088-1108.
    8. Chuhan Wu & Fangzhao Wu & Tao Qi & Wei-Qiang Zhang & Xing Xie & Yongfeng Huang, 2022. "Removing AI’s sentiment manipulation of personalized news delivery," Palgrave Communications, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 9(1), pages 1-9, December.
    9. Daniel-Rareș Obadă & Dan-Cristian Dabija, 2022. "“In Flow”! Why Do Users Share Fake News about Environmentally Friendly Brands on Social Media?," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(8), pages 1-26, April.
    10. Zheng, Leven J. & Zhang, Yameng & Zhan, Wu & Sharma, Piyush, 2022. "How B2B relationships influence new product development in entrepreneurial firms? The role of psychological tension," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 139(C), pages 1451-1462.
    11. Kumar, Aman & Shankar, Amit & Behl, Abhishek & Arya, Varsha & Gupta, Nakul, 2023. "Should I share it? Factors influencing fake news-sharing behaviour: A behavioural reasoning theory perspective," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 193(C).
    12. Giacomo Manetti & Carmela Nitti & Marco Bellucci, 2022. "The accountability of Search and Rescue NGOs," Working Papers - Business wp2022_02.rdf, Universita' degli Studi di Firenze, Dipartimento di Scienze per l'Economia e l'Impresa.
    13. Yi Yong Lee & Chin Lay Gan & Tze Wei Liew, 2023. "Thwarting Instant Messaging Phishing Attacks: The Role of Self-Efficacy and the Mediating Effect of Attitude towards Online Sharing of Personal Information," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(4), pages 1-23, February.
    14. Jinhui Ma & Haijing Huang & Mingxi Peng & Yihuan Zhou, 2024. "Investigating the Heterogeneity Effects of Urban Morphology on Building Energy Consumption from a Spatio-Temporal Perspective Using Old Residential Buildings on a University Campus," Land, MDPI, vol. 13(10), pages 1-24, October.
    15. Onete Cristian Bogdan & Chita Sandra Diana & Vargas Vanesa Madalina, 2020. "The impact of fake news on the real estate market," Proceedings of the International Conference on Business Excellence, Sciendo, vol. 14(1), pages 316-323, July.
    16. Fathey Mohammed & Nabil Hasan Al-Kumaim & Ahmed Ibrahim Alzahrani & Yousef Fazea, 2023. "The Impact of Social Media Shared Health Content on Protective Behavior against COVID-19," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(3), pages 1-16, January.
    17. Raza, Syed Ali & Masood, Amna & Benkraiem, Ramzi & Urom, Christian, 2023. "Forecasting the volatility of precious metals prices with global economic policy uncertainty in pre and during the COVID-19 period: Novel evidence from the GARCH-MIDAS approach," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 120(C).
    18. Johnson, Nathan & Turnbull, Benjamin & Reisslein, Martin, 2022. "Social media influence, trust, and conflict: An interview based study of leadership perceptions," Technology in Society, Elsevier, vol. 68(C).
    19. Massimiliano Scopelliti & Maria Giuseppina Pacilli & Antonio Aquino, 2021. "TV News and COVID-19: Media Influence on Healthy Behavior in Public Spaces," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(4), pages 1-15, February.
    20. Zheng, Leven J. & Fan, Youqing & Wang, Huan & Liu, Wei, 2021. "Born innovator? How founder birth order influences product innovation generation and adoption in entrepreneurial firms," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 136(C), pages 414-430.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:tefoso:v:195:y:2023:i:c:s0040162523004316. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00401625 .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.