[go: up one dir, main page]

IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/rensus/v91y2018icp822-831.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Review of solar parabolic-trough collector geometrical and thermal analyses, performance, and applications

Author

Listed:
  • Abdulhamed, Ali Jaber
  • Adam, Nor Mariah
  • Ab-Kadir, Mohd Zainal Abidin
  • Hairuddin, Abdul Aziz
Abstract
By year 2030, the world's energy demand is expected to increase by over 60% of current demand. Thus, the potential of renewable energy should be investigated. Renewable energy is the energy from natural and unnatural available forms including wind, biomass, solar, and waste heat energy generated through various human activities. Solar energy is an available and clean form of renewable energy used as an alternative to fossil fuel in generating energy. However, the maximum extraction of thermal energy from the sun is most challenging. This study focuses on energy generation using the parabolic trough collector (PTC). This review contains geometrical analysis including the thermal approach of the PTC model, heat transfer, and method of enhancing thermal efficiency on the PTC receiver. This paper also includes performance analysis, thermal efficiency, and applications of the solar-powered PTC and the history of PTC evolution. The PTC applications include desalination process, air heating system, power plants, refrigeration, and industrial heating purposes. This paper benefits researcher that focus on the solar-powered PTC.

Suggested Citation

  • Abdulhamed, Ali Jaber & Adam, Nor Mariah & Ab-Kadir, Mohd Zainal Abidin & Hairuddin, Abdul Aziz, 2018. "Review of solar parabolic-trough collector geometrical and thermal analyses, performance, and applications," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 91(C), pages 822-831.
  • Handle: RePEc:eee:rensus:v:91:y:2018:i:c:p:822-831
    DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2018.04.085
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1364032118303046
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only

    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.rser.2018.04.085?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Enibe, S.O., 2003. "Thermal analysis of a natural circulation solar air heater with phase change material energy storage," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 28(14), pages 2269-2299.
    2. Gang, Pei & Jing, Li & Jie, Ji, 2011. "Design and analysis of a novel low-temperature solar thermal electric system with two-stage collectors and heat storage units," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 36(9), pages 2324-2333.
    3. Farooq, M. & Raja, Iftikhar A., 2008. "Optimisation of metal sputtered and electroplated substrates for solar selective coatings," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 33(6), pages 1275-1285.
    4. Zhang, Nan & Yuan, Yanping & Du, Yanxia & Cao, Xiaoling & Yuan, Yaguang, 2014. "Preparation and properties of palmitic-stearic acid eutectic mixture/expanded graphite composite as phase change material for energy storage," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 78(C), pages 950-956.
    5. Jaramillo, O.A. & Venegas-Reyes, E. & Aguilar, J.O. & Castrejón-García, R. & Sosa-Montemayor, F., 2013. "Parabolic trough concentrators for low enthalpy processes," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 60(C), pages 529-539.
    6. Naeeni, N. & Yaghoubi, M., 2007. "Analysis of wind flow around a parabolic collector (1) fluid flow," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 32(11), pages 1898-1916.
    7. Wu, Zhiyong & Li, Shidong & Yuan, Guofeng & Lei, Dongqiang & Wang, Zhifeng, 2014. "Three-dimensional numerical study of heat transfer characteristics of parabolic trough receiver," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 113(C), pages 902-911.
    8. de Jong, P. & Sánchez, A.S. & Esquerre, K. & Kalid, R.A. & Torres, E.A., 2013. "Solar and wind energy production in relation to the electricity load curve and hydroelectricity in the northeast region of Brazil," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 23(C), pages 526-535.
    9. Mwesigye, Aggrey & Bello-Ochende, Tunde & Meyer, Josua P., 2014. "Heat transfer and thermodynamic performance of a parabolic trough receiver with centrally placed perforated plate inserts," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 136(C), pages 989-1003.
    10. Tyagi, Vineet Veer & Buddhi, D., 2007. "PCM thermal storage in buildings: A state of art," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 11(6), pages 1146-1166, August.
    11. Zou, Bin & Dong, Jiankai & Yao, Yang & Jiang, Yiqiang, 2016. "An experimental investigation on a small-sized parabolic trough solar collector for water heating in cold areas," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 163(C), pages 396-407.
    12. Jaramillo, O.A. & Borunda, Mónica & Velazquez-Lucho, K.M. & Robles, M., 2016. "Parabolic trough solar collector for low enthalpy processes: An analysis of the efficiency enhancement by using twisted tape inserts," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 93(C), pages 125-141.
    13. Fuqiang, Wang & Zhexiang, Tang & Xiangtao, Gong & Jianyu, Tan & Huaizhi, Han & Bingxi, Li, 2016. "Heat transfer performance enhancement and thermal strain restrain of tube receiver for parabolic trough solar collector by using asymmetric outward convex corrugated tube," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 114(C), pages 275-292.
    14. Bakos, George C., 2006. "Design and construction of a two-axis Sun tracking system for parabolic trough collector (PTC) efficiency improvement," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 31(15), pages 2411-2421.
    15. Silva, R. & Pérez, M. & Fernández-Garcia, A., 2013. "Modeling and co-simulation of a parabolic trough solar plant for industrial process heat," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 106(C), pages 287-300.
    16. Fernández-García, A. & Zarza, E. & Valenzuela, L. & Pérez, M., 2010. "Parabolic-trough solar collectors and their applications," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 14(7), pages 1695-1721, September.
    17. Lobón, David H. & Baglietto, Emilio & Valenzuela, Loreto & Zarza, Eduardo, 2014. "Modeling direct steam generation in solar collectors with multiphase CFD," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 113(C), pages 1338-1348.
    18. Padilla, Ricardo Vasquez & Demirkaya, Gokmen & Goswami, D. Yogi & Stefanakos, Elias & Rahman, Muhammad M., 2011. "Heat transfer analysis of parabolic trough solar receiver," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 88(12), pages 5097-5110.
    19. Sharaf, Omar Z. & Orhan, Mehmet F., 2015. "Concentrated photovoltaic thermal (CPVT) solar collector systems: Part II – Implemented systems, performance assessment, and future directions," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 50(C), pages 1566-1633.
    20. Jaisankar, S. & Radhakrishnan, T.K. & Sheeba, K.N., 2009. "Studies on heat transfer and friction factor characteristics of thermosyphon solar water heating system with helical twisted tapes," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 34(9), pages 1054-1064.
    21. Nafey, A.S. & Sharaf, M.A., 2010. "Combined solar organic Rankine cycle with reverse osmosis desalination process: Energy, exergy, and cost evaluations," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 35(11), pages 2571-2580.
    22. Hachicha, A.A. & Rodríguez, I. & Oliva, A., 2014. "Wind speed effect on the flow field and heat transfer around a parabolic trough solar collector," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 130(C), pages 200-211.
    23. Ravi Kumar, K. & Reddy, K.S., 2009. "Thermal analysis of solar parabolic trough with porous disc receiver," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 86(9), pages 1804-1812, September.
    24. Cheng, Ze-Dong & He, Ya-Ling & Qiu, Yu, 2015. "A detailed nonuniform thermal model of a parabolic trough solar receiver with two halves and two inactive ends," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 74(C), pages 139-147.
    25. Nation, Deju D. & Heggs, Peter J. & Dixon-Hardy, Darron W., 2017. "Modelling and simulation of a novel Electrical Energy Storage (EES) Receiver for Solar Parabolic Trough Collector (PTC) power plants," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 195(C), pages 950-973.
    26. Lauterbach, C. & Schmitt, B. & Jordan, U. & Vajen, K., 2012. "The potential of solar heat for industrial processes in Germany," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 16(7), pages 5121-5130.
    27. Wu, Zhiyong & Lei, Dongqiang & Yuan, Guofeng & Shao, Jiajia & Zhang, Yunting & Wang, Zhifeng, 2014. "Structural reliability analysis of parabolic trough receivers," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 123(C), pages 232-241.
    28. Kalogirou, Soteris A., 2012. "A detailed thermal model of a parabolic trough collector receiver," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 48(1), pages 298-306.
    29. Kaloudis, E. & Papanicolaou, E. & Belessiotis, V., 2016. "Numerical simulations of a parabolic trough solar collector with nanofluid using a two-phase model," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 97(C), pages 218-229.
    30. Hachicha, A.A. & Rodríguez, I. & Capdevila, R. & Oliva, A., 2013. "Heat transfer analysis and numerical simulation of a parabolic trough solar collector," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 111(C), pages 581-592.
    31. Kumar, A & Prasad, B.N, 2000. "Investigation of twisted tape inserted solar water heaters—heat transfer, friction factor and thermal performance results," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 19(3), pages 379-398.
    32. Zhang, Liang & Yu, Zitao & Fan, Liwu & Wang, Wujun & Chen, Huan & Hu, Yacai & Fan, Jianren & Ni, Mingjiang & Cen, Kefa, 2013. "An experimental investigation of the heat losses of a U-type solar heat pipe receiver of a parabolic trough collector-based natural circulation steam generation system," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 57(C), pages 262-268.
    33. Naeeni, N. & Yaghoubi, M., 2007. "Analysis of wind flow around a parabolic collector (2) heat transfer from receiver tube," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 32(8), pages 1259-1272.
    34. Tyagi, V.V. & Panwar, N.L. & Rahim, N.A. & Kothari, Richa, 2012. "Review on solar air heating system with and without thermal energy storage system," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 16(4), pages 2289-2303.
    35. Al-Alili, A. & Hwang, Y. & Radermacher, R. & Kubo, I., 2012. "A high efficiency solar air conditioner using concentrating photovoltaic/thermal collectors," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 93(C), pages 138-147.
    36. Shankar Ganesh, N. & Srinivas, T., 2012. "Design and modeling of low temperature solar thermal power station," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 91(1), pages 180-186.
    37. Lv, Peizhao & Liu, Chenzhen & Rao, Zhonghao, 2016. "Experiment study on the thermal properties of paraffin/kaolin thermal energy storage form-stable phase change materials," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 182(C), pages 475-487.
    38. Bellos, E. & Tzivanidis, C. & Antonopoulos, K.A. & Gkinis, G., 2016. "Thermal enhancement of solar parabolic trough collectors by using nanofluids and converging-diverging absorber tube," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 94(C), pages 213-222.
    39. Larraín, Teresita & Escobar, Rodrigo & Vergara, Julio, 2010. "Performance model to assist solar thermal power plant siting in northern Chile based on backup fuel consumption," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 35(8), pages 1632-1643.
    40. de Risi, A. & Milanese, M. & Laforgia, D., 2013. "Modelling and optimization of transparent parabolic trough collector based on gas-phase nanofluids," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 58(C), pages 134-139.
    41. Hachicha, A.A. & Rodríguez, I. & Castro, J. & Oliva, A., 2013. "Numerical simulation of wind flow around a parabolic trough solar collector," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 107(C), pages 426-437.
    42. Salgado Conrado, L. & Rodriguez-Pulido, A. & Calderón, G., 2017. "Thermal performance of parabolic trough solar collectors," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 67(C), pages 1345-1359.
    43. Lu, Jianfeng & Ding, Jing & Yang, Jianping & Yang, Xiaoxi, 2013. "Nonuniform heat transfer model and performance of parabolic trough solar receiver," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 59(C), pages 666-675.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Rahimi Telwar, Donya & Khodaei, Jalal & Samimi-Akhijahani, Hadi, 2024. "Thermo-economic evaluation and structural simulation of a parabolic solar collector (PTC) integrated with a desalination system," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 299(C).
    2. Zima, Wiesław & Cisek, Piotr & Cebula, Artur, 2021. "Mathematical model of an innovative double U-tube sun-tracked PTC and its experimental verification," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 235(C).
    3. Liu, Shuaishuai & Yang, Bin & Hou, Yutian & Yu, Xiaohui, 2022. "Effects of geometric configurations on the thermal-mechanical properties of parabolic trough receivers based on coupled optical-thermal-stress model," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 199(C), pages 929-942.
    4. Lozano-Medina, Alexis & Manzano, Luis & Marcos, José D. & Blanco-Marigorta, Ana M., 2019. "Design of a concentrating solar thermal collector installation for a hotel complex in Gran Canaria," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 183(C), pages 803-811.
    5. Kaluba, V.S. & Mohamad, Khaled & Ferrer, P., 2020. "Experimental and simulated performance of hot mirror coatings in a parabolic trough receiver," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 257(C).
    6. Moudakkar, Touria & El Hallaoui, Z. & Vaudreuil, S. & Bounahmidi, T., 2019. "Modeling and performance analysis of a PTC for industrial phosphate flash drying," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 166(C), pages 1134-1148.
    7. Stanek, Bartosz & Wang, Wujun & Bartela, Łukasz, 2023. "A potential solution in reducing the parabolic trough based solar industrial process heat system cost by partially replacing absorbers coatings with non-selective ones in initial loop sections," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 331(C).
    8. Yang, S. & Ordonez, J.C., 2019. "3D thermal-hydraulic analysis of a symmetric wavy parabolic trough absorber pipe," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 189(C).
    9. Ajbar, Wassila & Parrales, A. & Huicochea, A. & Hernández, J.A., 2022. "Different ways to improve parabolic trough solar collectors’ performance over the last four decades and their applications: A comprehensive review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 156(C).
    10. Gharat, Punit V. & Bhalekar, Snehal S. & Dalvi, Vishwanath H. & Panse, Sudhir V. & Deshmukh, Suresh P. & Joshi, Jyeshtharaj B., 2021. "Chronological development of innovations in reflector systems of parabolic trough solar collector (PTC) - A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 145(C).
    11. Forman, Patrick & Penkert, Sebastian & Kämper, Christoph & Stallmann, Tobias & Mark, Peter & Schnell, Jürgen, 2020. "A survey of solar concrete shell collectors for parabolic troughs," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 134(C).
    12. Qing, Xia, 2024. "Solar-driven multi-generation system: Thermoeconomic and environmental optimization for power, cooling, and liquefied hydrogen production," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 293(C).
    13. Abubakr, Mohamed & Amein, Hamza & Akoush, Bassem M. & El-Bakry, M. Medhat & Hassan, Muhammed A., 2020. "An intuitive framework for optimizing energetic and exergetic performances of parabolic trough solar collectors operating with nanofluids," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 157(C), pages 130-149.
    14. Liu, Xiaoliang & Ma, Lianghua & Liu, Haoyang & Ashraf Talesh, Seyed Saman, 2024. "Assessment of a sustainable power generation system utilizing supercritical carbon dioxide working fluid: Thermodynamic, economic, and environmental analysis," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 290(C).
    15. Hachicha, Ahmed Amine & Yousef, Bashria A.A. & Said, Zafar & Rodríguez, Ivette, 2019. "A review study on the modeling of high-temperature solar thermal collector systems," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 112(C), pages 280-298.
    16. Liu, Peng & Dong, Zhimin & Xiao, Hui & Liu, Zhichun & Liu, Wei, 2021. "Thermal-hydraulic performance analysis of a novel parabolic trough receiver with double tube for solar cascade heat collection," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 219(C).
    17. Wang, Qiliang & Hu, Mingke & Yang, Honglun & Cao, Jingyu & Li, Jing & Su, Yuehong & Pei, Gang, 2019. "Performance evaluation and analyses of novel parabolic trough evacuated collector tubes with spectrum-selective glass envelope," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 138(C), pages 793-804.
    18. Amein, Hamza & Akoush, Bassem M. & El-Bakry, M. Medhat & Abubakr, Mohamed & Hassan, Muhammed A., 2022. "Enhancing the energy utilization in parabolic trough concentrators with cracked heat collection elements using a cost-effective rotation mechanism," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 181(C), pages 250-266.
    19. Colmenar-Santos, Antonio & Palomo-Torrejón, Elisabet & Mur-Pérez, Francisco & Rosales-Asensio, Enrique, 2020. "Thermal desalination potential with parabolic trough collectors and geothermal energy in the Spanish southeast," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 262(C).
    20. Marco Milanese & Gianpiero Colangelo & Arturo de Risi, 2021. "Development of a High-Flux Solar Simulator for Experimental Testing of High-Temperature Applications," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(11), pages 1-18, May.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Jebasingh, V.K. & Herbert, G.M. Joselin, 2016. "A review of solar parabolic trough collector," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 54(C), pages 1085-1091.
    2. Yılmaz, İbrahim Halil & Mwesigye, Aggrey, 2018. "Modeling, simulation and performance analysis of parabolic trough solar collectors: A comprehensive review," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 225(C), pages 135-174.
    3. Kumaresan, G. & Sudhakar, P. & Santosh, R. & Velraj, R., 2017. "Experimental and numerical studies of thermal performance enhancement in the receiver part of solar parabolic trough collectors," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 77(C), pages 1363-1374.
    4. Hachicha, Ahmed Amine & Yousef, Bashria A.A. & Said, Zafar & Rodríguez, Ivette, 2019. "A review study on the modeling of high-temperature solar thermal collector systems," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 112(C), pages 280-298.
    5. Ajbar, Wassila & Parrales, A. & Huicochea, A. & Hernández, J.A., 2022. "Different ways to improve parabolic trough solar collectors’ performance over the last four decades and their applications: A comprehensive review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 156(C).
    6. Salgado Conrado, L. & Rodriguez-Pulido, A. & Calderón, G., 2017. "Thermal performance of parabolic trough solar collectors," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 67(C), pages 1345-1359.
    7. Huang, Zhen & Li, Zeng-Yao & Tao, Wen-Quan, 2017. "Numerical study on combined natural and forced convection in the fully-developed turbulent region for a horizontal circular tube heated by non-uniform heat flux," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 185(P2), pages 2194-2208.
    8. Yang, S. & Sensoy, T.S. & Ordonez, J.C., 2018. "Dynamic 3D volume element model of a parabolic trough solar collector for simulation and optimization," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 217(C), pages 509-526.
    9. Manikandan, G.K. & Iniyan, S. & Goic, Ranko, 2019. "Enhancing the optical and thermal efficiency of a parabolic trough collector – A review," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 235(C), pages 1524-1540.
    10. Song, Xingwang & Dong, Guobo & Gao, Fangyuan & Diao, Xungang & Zheng, Liqing & Zhou, Fuyun, 2014. "A numerical study of parabolic trough receiver with nonuniform heat flux and helical screw-tape inserts," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 77(C), pages 771-782.
    11. Bellos, Evangelos & Tzivanidis, Christos & Tsimpoukis, Dimitrios, 2018. "Enhancing the performance of parabolic trough collectors using nanofluids and turbulators," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 91(C), pages 358-375.
    12. Sandá, Antonio & Moya, Sara L. & Valenzuela, Loreto, 2019. "Modelling and simulation tools for direct steam generation in parabolic-trough solar collectors: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 113(C), pages 1-1.
    13. Yunhong Shi & Davood Toghraie & Farzad Nadi & Gholamreza Ahmadi & As’ad Alizadeh & Long Zhang, 2021. "The effect of the pitch angle, two-axis tracking system, and wind velocity on the parabolic trough solar collector thermal performance," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 23(12), pages 17329-17348, December.
    14. Cheng, Ze-Dong & He, Ya-Ling & Qiu, Yu, 2015. "A detailed nonuniform thermal model of a parabolic trough solar receiver with two halves and two inactive ends," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 74(C), pages 139-147.
    15. Liang, Hongbo & You, Shijun & Zhang, Huan, 2015. "Comparison of different heat transfer models for parabolic trough solar collectors," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 148(C), pages 105-114.
    16. Osorio, Julian D. & Rivera-Alvarez, Alejandro, 2019. "Performance analysis of Parabolic Trough Collectors with Double Glass Envelope," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 130(C), pages 1092-1107.
    17. Bellos, Evangelos & Tzivanidis, Christos & Tsimpoukis, Dimitrios, 2017. "Multi-criteria evaluation of parabolic trough collector with internally finned absorbers," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 205(C), pages 540-561.
    18. Abdala, Antar M.M. & Elwekeel, Fifi N.M., 2024. "Investigation of the performance of a parabolic trough collector outfitted with annular absorber tubes," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 226(C).
    19. Zou, Bin & Jiang, Yiqiang & Yao, Yang & Yang, Hongxing, 2019. "Impacts of non-ideal optical factors on the performance of parabolic trough solar collectors," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 183(C), pages 1150-1165.
    20. Cheng, Z.D. & He, Y.L. & Cui, F.Q. & Du, B.C. & Zheng, Z.J. & Xu, Y., 2014. "Comparative and sensitive analysis for parabolic trough solar collectors with a detailed Monte Carlo ray-tracing optical model," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 115(C), pages 559-572.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:rensus:v:91:y:2018:i:c:p:822-831. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/journaldescription.cws_home/600126/description#description .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.