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Bank dependence and financial constraints on investment: Evidence from the corporate bond market paralysis in Japan

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  • Uchino, Taisuke
Abstract
This paper investigates whether firms are able to substitute bank loans for public debt when the latter become less available to firms. To do so, this paper utilizes the 2008 financial crisis and its impact on Japanese markets as a natural experiment. Because the Japanese banking sector remained functional while the corporate bond markets were paralyzed, the data from Japan during this period provide us with an ideal environment to examine this hypothesis. I specifically examined whether firms with large holdings of corporate bonds maturing in FY2008 were financially constrained, by comparing the changes in their capital investment expenditures and borrowing conditions with those of bank-dependent firms. The main empirical results indicate that (1) firms with large holdings of corporate bonds maturing in FY2008 did not reduce investment expenditures; (2) instead, they exhibited higher increments in bank loans; and (3) firms that maintained relatively close bank-firm relationships had greater access to bank loans with low borrowing costs. These findings demonstrate that Japanese firms were able to substitute bank loans for public debt during the crisis and imply that the Japanese banking sector worked efficiently to replace public debt markets during the crisis.

Suggested Citation

  • Uchino, Taisuke, 2013. "Bank dependence and financial constraints on investment: Evidence from the corporate bond market paralysis in Japan," Journal of the Japanese and International Economies, Elsevier, vol. 29(C), pages 74-97.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:jjieco:v:29:y:2013:i:c:p:74-97
    DOI: 10.1016/j.jjie.2013.06.003
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    10. Fukuda, Akira, 2022. "Effects of financial frictions on employment: Evidence from Japan during the Global Financial Crisis," Journal of the Japanese and International Economies, Elsevier, vol. 65(C).
    11. Nakashima, Kiyotaka & Takahashi, Koji, 2016. "Termination of Bank-Firm Relationships," MPRA Paper 107858, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    12. Tsuruta, Daisuke, 2019. "Working capital management during the global financial crisis: Evidence from Japan," Japan and the World Economy, Elsevier, vol. 49(C), pages 206-219.
    13. Hueh-Chen Lin & Jiang-Chuan Huang & Chun-Fan You, 2022. "Bank Diversification and Financial Constraints on Firm Investment Decisions in a Bank-Based Financial System," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(17), pages 1-19, September.
    14. Daisuke Tsuruta, 2023. "Do small businesses adjust their capital structure? Evidence from the global financial crisis in Japan," Accounting and Finance, Accounting and Finance Association of Australia and New Zealand, vol. 63(S1), pages 843-871, April.
    15. Tsuruta, Daisuke, 2016. "No lending relationships and liquidity management of small businesses during a financial shock," Journal of the Japanese and International Economies, Elsevier, vol. 42(C), pages 31-46.
    16. Nakashima, Kiyotaka & Takahashi, Koji, 2016. "Termination of Bank-Firm Relationships," MPRA Paper 70670, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    17. Masanori Orihara & Yoshiaki Ogura & Yue Cai, 2022. "Borrowing in Unsettled Times and Cash Holdings Afterwards," Working Papers 2207, Waseda University, Faculty of Political Science and Economics.
    18. KIM, Hyonok & WILCOX, James A. & YASUDA, Yukihiro & 安田, 行宏, 2016. "Shocks and Shock Absorbers in Japanese Bonds and Banks During the Global Financial Crisis," Working Paper Series G-1-16, Hitotsubashi University Center for Financial Research.
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Global financial crisis; Capital investment; Bank-firm relationships;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • E22 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Consumption, Saving, Production, Employment, and Investment - - - Investment; Capital; Intangible Capital; Capacity
    • E32 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Prices, Business Fluctuations, and Cycles - - - Business Fluctuations; Cycles
    • G21 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Banks; Other Depository Institutions; Micro Finance Institutions; Mortgages
    • G31 - Financial Economics - - Corporate Finance and Governance - - - Capital Budgeting; Fixed Investment and Inventory Studies

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