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Optimal selection of expert forecasts with integer programming

Author

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  • Matsypura, Dmytro
  • Thompson, Ryan
  • Vasnev, Andrey L.
Abstract
Combinations of point forecasts from expert forecasters are known to frequently outperform individual forecasts. It is also well documented that combination by simple averaging very often has performance superior to that of more sophisticated combinations. This empirical fact is referred to as the ‘forecast combination puzzle’ in the literature. In this paper, we propose a combination method that exploits this puzzle. Rather than averaging over all forecasts, our method optimally selects forecasts for averaging. The problem of optimal selection is solved using integer programming, a solution approach that has witnessed astonishing advancements. We apply this new method to forecasts of real GDP growth and unemployment from the European Central Bank Survey of Professional Forecasters. The results show that it is optimal to select only a small number of the available forecasts and that averaging over these small subsets almost always provides performance that is superior to averaging over all forecasts. Importantly, this new method is consistently one of the best performers when evaluated against a wide range of alternative forecast combination methods.

Suggested Citation

  • Matsypura, Dmytro & Thompson, Ryan & Vasnev, Andrey L., 2018. "Optimal selection of expert forecasts with integer programming," Omega, Elsevier, vol. 78(C), pages 165-175.
  • Handle: RePEc:eee:jomega:v:78:y:2018:i:c:p:165-175
    DOI: 10.1016/j.omega.2017.06.010
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Nibbering, D. & Paap, R., 2019. "Panel Forecasting with Asymmetric Grouping," Econometric Institute Research Papers EI-2019-30, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Erasmus School of Economics (ESE), Econometric Institute.
    2. Chan, Felix & Pauwels, Laurent, 2019. "Equivalence of optimal forecast combinations under affine constraints," Working Papers BAWP-2019-02, University of Sydney Business School, Discipline of Business Analytics.
    3. Thompson, Ryan & Qian, Yilin & Vasnev, Andrey L., 2024. "Flexible global forecast combinations," Omega, Elsevier, vol. 126(C).
    4. Meira, Erick & Cyrino Oliveira, Fernando Luiz & Jeon, Jooyoung, 2021. "Treating and Pruning: New approaches to forecasting model selection and combination using prediction intervals," International Journal of Forecasting, Elsevier, vol. 37(2), pages 547-568.
    5. Wei Qian & Craig A. Rolling & Gang Cheng & Yuhong Yang, 2019. "On the Forecast Combination Puzzle," Econometrics, MDPI, vol. 7(3), pages 1-26, September.
    6. Qian, Yilin & Thompson, Ryan & Vasnev, Andrey L, 2022. "Global combinations of expert forecasts," Working Papers BAWP-2022-02, University of Sydney Business School, Discipline of Business Analytics.
    7. Talagala, Thiyanga S. & Li, Feng & Kang, Yanfei, 2022. "FFORMPP: Feature-based forecast model performance prediction," International Journal of Forecasting, Elsevier, vol. 38(3), pages 920-943.
    8. Feuerriegel, Stefan & Gordon, Julius, 2019. "News-based forecasts of macroeconomic indicators: A semantic path model for interpretable predictions," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 272(1), pages 162-175.
    9. Radchenko, Peter & Vasnev, Andrey L. & Wang, Wendun, 2023. "Too similar to combine? On negative weights in forecast combination," International Journal of Forecasting, Elsevier, vol. 39(1), pages 18-38.
    10. Kourentzes, Nikolaos & Barrow, Devon & Petropoulos, Fotios, 2019. "Another look at forecast selection and combination: Evidence from forecast pooling," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 209(C), pages 226-235.

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