Ψs≥−1.3MPa and from véraison to harvest within the range −1.3>Ψs>−1.4MPa, 106mmyear−1); And a Regulated Deficit Irrigation treatment 2 (RDI-2cutoff-thresholds) received 20% ETc (2009 and 2010) or 10% ETc (2011) from budburst to fruit set and from fruit set to véraison an irrigation cut-off was applied. Then, from véraison to harvest, an irrigation recovery was applied based on maintaining mid-day Ψs within the range of Ψs proposed: −1.3>Ψs>−1.4MPa (similar to RDI-1), 76mmyear−1). A recovery of irrigation at 40% ETc was used in all treatments from harvest to leaf fall. The RDI-1thresholds strategy, which applied moderate water stress during pre and post-véraison, saved water, reduced vine vigor and vegetative development, controlled yield, improved cluster microclimate, maintained similar or even higher sugar content in the berries and improved the phenolic composition of Monastrell grapes and wines compared to the SDI and RDI-2 strategies. RDI-1thresholds vines increased color intensity, sugar and total anthocyanins in the berries, and color intensity, alcohol content, concentration of polyphenols and total anthocyanins and flavonols in the wines. In contrast, in the RDI-2cutoff-thresholds strategy, which had complete irrigation cut-off during the pre-véraison period (from fruit set to véraison) substantially decreased lateral shoot and berry growth at véraison, and also excessively reduced photosynthetic activity, water status pre-véraison and the resilience of photosynthesis during véraison- early ripening period, which was not beneficial from a physiological and agronomical point of view for Monastrell grapevines in SE Spain."> Ψs≥−1.3MPa and from véraison to harvest within the range −1.3>Ψs>−1.4MPa, 106mmyear−1); And a Regulated Deficit Irrigation treatment 2 (RDI-2cutoff-thresholds) received 20% ETc (2009 and 2010) or 10% ETc (2011) from budburst to fruit set and from fruit set to véraison an irrigation cut-off was applied. Then, from véraison to harvest, an irrigation recovery was applied based on maintaining mid-day Ψs within the range of Ψs proposed: −1.3>Ψs>−1.4MPa (similar to RDI-1), 76mmyear−1). A recovery of irrigation at 40% ETc was used in all treatments from harvest to leaf fall. The RDI-1thresholds strategy, which applied moderate water stress during pre and post-véraison, saved water, reduced vine vigor and vegetative development, controlled yield, improved cluster microclimate, maintained similar or even higher sugar content in the berries and improved the phenolic composition of Monastrell grapes and wines compared to the SDI and RDI-2 strategies. RDI-1thresholds vines increased color intensity, sugar and total anthocyanins in the berries, and color intensity, alcohol content, concentration of polyphenols and total anthocyanins and flavonols in the wines. In contrast, in the RDI-2cutoff-thresholds strategy, which had complete irrigation cut-off during the pre-véraison period (from fruit set to véraison) substantially decreased lateral shoot and berry growth at véraison, and also excessively reduced photosynthetic activity, water status pre-véraison and the resilience of photosynthesis during véraison- early ripening period, which was not beneficial from a physiological and agronomical point of view for Monastrell grapevines in SE Spain.">
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Regulated Deficit Irrigation based upon optimum water status improves phenolic composition in Monastrell grapes and wines

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  • Romero, Pascual
  • Gil-Muñoz, Rocío
  • del Amor, Francisco M.
  • Valdés, Esperanza
  • Fernández, Jose Ignacio
  • Martinez-Cutillas, Adrián
Abstract
The effects of three deficit irrigation strategies pre and post-véraison, on soil–plant water status and their influence on leaf area, cluster microclimate, fruit growth, yield and berry and wine quality were evaluated for three years (2009–2011) in field-grown Monastrell grapevines under semiarid conditions in South-Eastern (SE) Spain. Three treatments were applied: a Sustained Deficit Irrigated treatment (SDI) was irrigated at 40% of the Crop Evapotranspiration (ETc) throughout the orchard cycle, 211mmyear−1; a Regulated Deficit Irrigation treatment 1 (RDI-1threholds) received 30% ETc (2009 and 2010) or 20% ETc (2011) from budburst to fruit set. From fruit set to harvest the irrigation was established by maintaining an average mid-day stem water potential (Ψs) within the range −1.2>Ψs≥−1.3MPa and from véraison to harvest within the range −1.3>Ψs>−1.4MPa, 106mmyear−1); And a Regulated Deficit Irrigation treatment 2 (RDI-2cutoff-thresholds) received 20% ETc (2009 and 2010) or 10% ETc (2011) from budburst to fruit set and from fruit set to véraison an irrigation cut-off was applied. Then, from véraison to harvest, an irrigation recovery was applied based on maintaining mid-day Ψs within the range of Ψs proposed: −1.3>Ψs>−1.4MPa (similar to RDI-1), 76mmyear−1). A recovery of irrigation at 40% ETc was used in all treatments from harvest to leaf fall. The RDI-1thresholds strategy, which applied moderate water stress during pre and post-véraison, saved water, reduced vine vigor and vegetative development, controlled yield, improved cluster microclimate, maintained similar or even higher sugar content in the berries and improved the phenolic composition of Monastrell grapes and wines compared to the SDI and RDI-2 strategies. RDI-1thresholds vines increased color intensity, sugar and total anthocyanins in the berries, and color intensity, alcohol content, concentration of polyphenols and total anthocyanins and flavonols in the wines. In contrast, in the RDI-2cutoff-thresholds strategy, which had complete irrigation cut-off during the pre-véraison period (from fruit set to véraison) substantially decreased lateral shoot and berry growth at véraison, and also excessively reduced photosynthetic activity, water status pre-véraison and the resilience of photosynthesis during véraison- early ripening period, which was not beneficial from a physiological and agronomical point of view for Monastrell grapevines in SE Spain.

Suggested Citation

  • Romero, Pascual & Gil-Muñoz, Rocío & del Amor, Francisco M. & Valdés, Esperanza & Fernández, Jose Ignacio & Martinez-Cutillas, Adrián, 2013. "Regulated Deficit Irrigation based upon optimum water status improves phenolic composition in Monastrell grapes and wines," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 121(C), pages 85-101.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:agiwat:v:121:y:2013:i:c:p:85-101
    DOI: 10.1016/j.agwat.2013.01.007
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    Cited by:

    1. Phogat, V. & Skewes, M.A. & McCarthy, M.G. & Cox, J.W. & Šimůnek, J. & Petrie, P.R., 2017. "Evaluation of crop coefficients, water productivity, and water balance components for wine grapes irrigated at different deficit levels by a sub-surface drip," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 180(PA), pages 22-34.
    2. Akbarzadeh, Ali & Shahnazari, Ali & Ziatabar Ahmadi, Mirkhalegh & Akbarzadeh, Mohammad, 2022. "Partial root zone drying increases peppermint essential oil yield and water productivity," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 263(C).
    3. Trigo-Córdoba, Emiliano & Bouzas-Cid, Yolanda & Orriols-Fernández, Ignacio & Mirás-Avalos, José Manuel, 2015. "Effects of deficit irrigation on the performance of grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) cv. ‘Godello’ and ‘Treixadura’ in Ribeiro, NW Spain," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 161(C), pages 20-30.
    4. Romero, Pascual & Muñoz, Rocío Gil & Fernández-Fernández, J.I. & del Amor, Francisco M. & Martínez-Cutillas, Adrián & García-García, José, 2015. "Improvement of yield and grape and wine composition in field-grown Monastrell grapevines by partial root zone irrigation, in comparison with regulated deficit irrigation," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 149(C), pages 55-73.
    5. Romero, Pascual & Navarro, Josefa María & Ordaz, Pablo Botía, 2022. "Towards a sustainable viticulture: The combination of deficit irrigation strategies and agroecological practices in Mediterranean vineyards. A review and update," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 259(C).
    6. Munitz, Sarel & Schwartz, Amnon & Netzer, Yishai, 2019. "Water consumption, crop coefficient and leaf area relations of a Vitis vinifera cv. 'Cabernet Sauvignon' vineyard," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 219(C), pages 86-94.
    7. Bassoi, Luís Henrique & de Melo Chaves, Agnaldo Rodrigues & Teixeira, Rafael Pombo, 2021. "Responses of 'Syrah' grapevine to deficit irrigation in the Brazilian semi-arid region," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 258(C).
    8. Pérez-Álvarez, E.P. & Intrigliolo Molina, D.S. & Vivaldi, G.A. & García-Esparza, M.J. & Lizama, V. & Álvarez, I., 2021. "Effects of the irrigation regimes on grapevine cv. Bobal in a Mediterranean climate: I. Water relations, vine performance and grape composition," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 248(C).
    9. Lizama, V. & Pérez-Álvarez, E.P. & Intrigliolo, D.S. & Chirivella, C. & Álvarez, I. & García-Esparza, M.J., 2021. "Effects of the irrigation regimes on grapevine cv. Bobal in a Mediterranean climate: II. Wine, skins, seeds, and grape aromatic composition," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 256(C).
    10. Pinillos, Virginia & Chiamolera, Fernando M. & Ortiz, Juan F. & Hueso, Juan J. & Cuevas, Julián, 2016. "Post-veraison regulated deficit irrigation in ‘Crimson Seedless’ table grape saves water and improves berry skin color," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 165(C), pages 181-189.
    11. Romero, Pascual & Botía, Pablo & Navarro, Josefa María, 2018. "Selecting rootstocks to improve vine performance and vineyard sustainability in deficit irrigated Monastrell grapevines under semiarid conditions," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 209(C), pages 73-93.
    12. Romić, D. & Karoglan Kontić, J. & Preiner, D. & Romić, M. & Lazarević, B. & Maletić, E. & Ondrašek, G. & Andabaka, Ž. & Bakić Begić, H. & Bubalo Kovačić, M. & Filipović, L. & Husnjak, S. & Marković, Z, 2020. "Performance of grapevine grown on reclaimed Mediterranean karst land: Appearance and duration of high temperature events and effects of irrigation," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 236(C).

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