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Navigating between two cultures: Immigrants' gender attitudes toward working women

Author

Listed:
  • Léa Pessin

    (Pennsylvania State University)

  • Bruno Arpino

    (Università degli Studi di Firenze)

Abstract
Background: Gender attitudes toward women’s employment are of particular importance because they positively influence gender-equal outcomes in the labor market. Our understanding of the mechanisms that promote egalitarian gender attitudes among immigrants, however, remains limited. Objective: By studying first- and second-generation immigrants from multiple origins and living in different countries, this article seeks to explain under what conditions the prevalent cultural attitudes toward gender roles at the origin and destination influence immigrants’ gender attitudes. We address three main research questions. First, does the country-of-origin gender ideology influence immigrants’ views toward working women? Second, does the country-of-destination gender ideology influence immigrants’ views toward working women? And third, are these relationships moderated by (1) the immigrant generation; (2) the age at arrival in the country of destination; (3) the length of residence at the destination? Methods: Using data from the European Social Survey, we model immigrants’ gender attitudes toward working women by using linear cross-classified models to account for clustering into the country of origin and destination. Results: The results highlight the importance of the context of early socialization in shaping immigrants’ gender attitudes. First-generation immigrants, and more specifically adult migrants, hold gender attitudes that reflect more strongly the country of origin’s gender culture. In contrast, the positive association between gender ideology at destination and immigrants’ gender attitudes is stronger among second-generation immigrants and child migrants. Contribution: We add to the literature on gender ideology formation by analyzing the influence of gender ideology at the origin and destination levels on the gender attitudes of immigrants from 96 countries of origin and residing across 32 countries of destination.

Suggested Citation

  • Léa Pessin & Bruno Arpino, 2018. "Navigating between two cultures: Immigrants' gender attitudes toward working women," Demographic Research, Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, Rostock, Germany, vol. 38(35), pages 967-1016.
    • Handle: RePEc:dem:demres:v:38:y:2018:i:35
    DOI: 10.4054/DemRes.2018.38.35
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Guillaume Marois & Patrick Sabourin & Alain Bélanger, 2020. "Implementing Dynamics of Immigration Integration in Labor Force Participation Projection in EU28," Population Research and Policy Review, Springer;Southern Demographic Association (SDA), vol. 39(2), pages 339-363, April.
    2. Nancy Luke, 2019. "Gender and social mobility: Exploring gender attitudes and women's labour force participation," WIDER Working Paper Series wp-2019-108, World Institute for Development Economic Research (UNU-WIDER).
    3. Ka U Ng, 2024. "Inheriting the Homeland? The Influence of Parental Origin-Country Fertility on Ideal Family Size and the Timing of Birth(s) Among the Children of Immigrants in France," Population Research and Policy Review, Springer;Southern Demographic Association (SDA), vol. 43(2), pages 1-23, April.
    4. Layla Van den Berg & Karel Neels, 2024. "Ethnic Variation in the Link between Women’s Relative Employment Positions and Entry into Parenthood in Belgium," Societies, MDPI, vol. 14(5), pages 1-20, April.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    European Social Survey; gender roles; gender attitudes; female labor force participation; immigration; cross-classified model; European Values Study; World Values Survey;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • J1 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics
    • Z0 - Other Special Topics - - General

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