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EU-Regionalpolitik im Spagat zwischen Wachstums- und Ausgleichszielen

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  • Harald Zschiedrich
Abstract
Die europäische Regionalpolitik gehört zwar zu den jüngeren, dafür jedoch zu den ausgabeintensiven Politikbereichen auf Gemeinschaftsebene. Der Haushalt für EU Kohäsions- und Strukturpolitik ist nach der Agrarpolitik der zweitgrößte Posten im EU Haushalt 2007-2013. Schon aus dieser Sicht ist es sinnvoll und notwendig, Überlegungen anzustellen, ob diese enormen Mittel (347,4 Mrd. Euro zwischen 2007-2013) richtig und effizient eingesetzt sind. 82% der Gesamtzuweisungen sind auf die Verwirklichung des Konvergenzziels in den ärmsten Regionen gerichtet, wo ca. 35% der EU-Bevölkerung leben. 55 Mrd. Euro (also etwa nur 1/7 der Gesamtsumme) werden für die Erhöhung regionaler Wettbewerbsfähigkeit ausgegeben, und weitere 8,7 Mrd. Euro gehen in den Ausbau der territorialen Zusammenarbeit. Die meisten Mittel fließen mit 67,3 Mrd. Euro nach Polen. Deutschland erhält 26,3 Mrd. und Österreich 1,46 Mrd. Euro. In einer erweiterten EU der 27 entstehen berechtigte Zweifel, ob die bisherige Förderphilosophie, die fast ausschließlich (82%) auf Konvergenz (Regionalausgleich) setzte, vor dem Hintergrund großer struktureller Herausforderungen in einer global vernetzten Weltwirtschaft mit intensiver internationaler Arbeitsteilung noch angemessen erscheint. Deshalb sollten die EU-Kommission und die verantwortlichen Regionalpolitiker in den einzelnen Mitgliedsländern dafür Sorge tragen, dass auch in den schwächeren EU-Wirtschaften verstärkt zunächst Wachstumspole gefördert werden. Eine nivellierende europäische Regionalpolitik in einer EU mit 27 und künftig noch mehr Wirtschaften ist nicht länger sinnvoll und auch nicht finanziell machbar, weder auf EU-Gemeinschaftsebene, noch innerhalb der Volkswirtschaften. Dies unterstrich auch die EU-Kommissarin D. Grybauskaite: "Today we are spending and losing a lot of money. Europe needed a discussion about its future political priorities. If policies have no clear focus, budgets will be in a mess."

Suggested Citation

  • Harald Zschiedrich, 2008. "EU-Regionalpolitik im Spagat zwischen Wachstums- und Ausgleichszielen," Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft - WuG, Kammer für Arbeiter und Angestellte für Wien, Abteilung Wirtschaftswissenschaft und Statistik, vol. 34(4), pages 509-533.
    • Handle: RePEc:clr:wugarc:y:2008v:34i:4p:509
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    1. Heintel Martin & Wanner Alice & Weixlbaumer Norbert, 2018. "Regional Development Between Cohesion and Competition – Current Theses and Fields of Action," European Countryside, Sciendo, vol. 10(3), pages 516-527, September.

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