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Determinantes de la tasa de cambio en Colombia: un enfoque de microestructura de mercados

Author

Listed:
  • Andrés Murcia
  • Diego Rojas
Abstract
En este trabajo se brindan elementos adicionales en la comprensión de la dinámica de la tasa de cambio en Colombia. Por una parte, se presentan los principales hallazgos de una encuesta dirigida a los agentes del mercado cambiario; en ella se resalta la diferencia en la percepción que exhiben los agentes en torno a los determinantes de corto, mediano y largo plazo. En el primer caso, los determinantes responderían principalmente a efectos de microestructura, mientras que a mediano y largo plazo, la tasa de cambio respondería sobre todo a sus fundamentales. Los agentes también resaltan la mayor importancia de los factores internacionales con respecto a los locales en la dinámica de esta variable. Este estudio se concentra especialmente en los determinantes de corto plazo de la tasa de cambio. Con el objetivo de enmarcar la determinación de esta variable se presenta un modelo teórico desarrollado por Kyle (1985) donde se resalta la importancia de los factores de microestructura en un escenario de información asimétrica y agentes estratégicos. Con base en estos determinantes se estimó un modelo de microestructura, utilizando información intradía descargada directamente de las pantallas de negociación. Este modelo es utilizado para corroborar algunos hallazgos de la encuesta realizada. En particular, se valida la mayor importancia de factores internacionales respecto a los factores locales, y también se evalúa el impacto de la intervención del Banco de la República sobre la dinámica del tipo de cambio. ****** This work seeks to provide some additional elements in understanding the dynamics of the exchange rate in Colombia. First, it uses information from a survey directed to the exchange rate market players. It highlights the difference exhibited by market participants about the determinants of the exchange rate in the short, medium and long term. In the first case, the determinants respond primarily to market microstructure effects while in the medium and long term, the exchange rate is mainly drivenby its economic fundamentals. Agents also highlighted the increasing importance of international factors with respect to the premises in determining the dynamics of this variable. This study focuses specifically on the determinants of short-term of the exchange rate where the microstructure elements take greater relevance. To this end, a theoretical model developed by Kyle (1985) is presented, which highlights the importance of microstructure factors in determining the exchange rate in a scenario of asymmetric information and strategic agents. Based on the identification of these microstructure determinants, an empirical model was estimated using information downloaded directly from intraday trading screens. This model is used to corroborate some of the survey results. In particular, it validates the increasing importance of international factors with respect to local factors, as well as the impact of the intervention of the Central Bank on the dynamics of the exchange rate in Colombia.

Suggested Citation

  • Andrés Murcia & Diego Rojas, 2014. "Determinantes de la tasa de cambio en Colombia: un enfoque de microestructura de mercados," Revista ESPE - Ensayos Sobre Política Económica, Banco de la República, vol. 32(74), pages 52-67, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:col:000107:012398
    DOI: 10.1016/S0120-4483(14)70027-2
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    Cited by:

    1. Alfredo Bateman y Javier E. Martinez & Javier Esteban Martinez, 2010. "Cuaderno 4: Análisis de las fuentes de oferta y demanda en el mercado de divisas," Cuadernos de Desarrollo Económico 7586, Secretaría Distrital de Desarrollo Económico.
    2. Juan Galvis & Claudio de Moraes & Juan Anzoátegui, 2017. "Effects of monetary policy announcements on exchange rate volatility: an analysis for Colombia, 2008-2015," Lecturas de Economía, Universidad de Antioquia, Departamento de Economía, issue 87, pages 67-95, Julio - D.
    3. Galvis Ciro, Juan Camilo & Oliveira de Moraes, Claudio & Anzoátegui Zapata, Juan Camilo, 2017. "Efectos de los anuncios de política monetaria sobre la volatilidad de la tasa de cambio: un análisis para Colombia, 2008-2015," Revista Lecturas de Economía, Universidad de Antioquia, CIE, issue 87, pages 67-95, March.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Tasa de cambio; Microestructura de mercados; Modelos EGARCH; Encuesta de Microestructura;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • G14 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - Information and Market Efficiency; Event Studies; Insider Trading
    • D82 - Microeconomics - - Information, Knowledge, and Uncertainty - - - Asymmetric and Private Information; Mechanism Design
    • C81 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Data Collection and Data Estimation Methodology; Computer Programs - - - Methodology for Collecting, Estimating, and Organizing Microeconomic Data; Data Access

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