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Rural problems, policies and possibilities in a post‐urban world

Author

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  • Hans Westlund
  • Kamila Borsekova
Abstract
Based on a historical overview of spatial networks and mobility, and the development of spatial theory, this review discusses current rural problems in Europe and the need for a new rural policy. The development toward a post‐urban world, that is, a world where the traditional urban–rural dichotomy is dissolving and is replaced by city‐regions and vast, declining peripheries, means a division of rural areas into two types: those becoming integrated into the growing city‐regions and the peripheries, where exploitation of natural resources is a main activity. We claim that a policy that only focuses on rural areas would fail. The reason is that endogenous rural development is simply not possible in current Europe. What is required is better urban–rural development policies oriented towards maximizing the development potential of each region, combining people‐based with place‐based approaches, and empowering local stakeholders to take greater control of their future. Regional science has an important role to play in providing decision‐makers with evidence‐based research that meets the challenges of the post‐urban world. A partir de una visión histórica de las redes espaciales y la movilidad, y del desarrollo de la teoría espacial, esta revisión analiza los problemas rurales actuales en Europa y la necesidad de una nueva política rural. La evolución hacia un mundo posturbano, es decir, un mundo en el que la dicotomía tradicional urbano‐rural se desintegra y es sustituida por ciudades‐región y extensas periferias en declive, supone una división de las zonas rurales en dos tipos: las que se integran en las ciudades‐región en crecimiento y las periféricas, donde la explotación de los recursos naturales es una actividad principal. Se afirma que una política centrada únicamente en las zonas rurales fracasaría. La razón es que en la Europa actual el desarrollo rural endógeno simplemente no es posible. Lo que se necesita son mejores políticas de desarrollo urbano‐rural orientadas a maximizar el desarrollo potencial de cada región, combinando enfoques centrados en las personas con enfoques orientados hacia el lugar, y empoderando a las partes interesadas locales para que asuman un mayor control de su futuro. La ciencia regional tiene un importante papel que desempeñar a la hora de proporcionar investigación basada en evidencia a los responsables de la toma de decisiones, que responda a los retos del mundo posturbano. 本稿では、空間ネットワークと移動性の歴史的概観、そして空間理論の発展に基づいて、ヨーロッパにおける現在の農村問題と新しい農村政策の必要性を論じる。ポストアーバン世界に向かう発展、すなわち伝統的な都市農村二分法が消滅し、都市地域(city‐region)、そして広大で衰退する周辺部に取って代わられる世界は、農村地域を2つのタイプに分けることを意味する。すなわち、成長する都市地域に統合される地域と、天然資源の開発が主な活動となる周辺地域である。本稿では、農村にのみ焦点を当てた政策は失敗することを主張する。その理由は、現在のヨーロッパでは内生的な農村開発はまったく不可能だからである。必要なのは、各地域の開発可能性を最大化し、人を基盤としたアプローチと場所を基盤としたアプローチを組み合わせ、地域の利害関係者が自分たちの将来をより確実にコントロールできるようにすることを目的とした、より良い都市農村の開発政策である。地域科学は、ポストアーバン世界の課題を解決するためのエビデンスに基づく研究を意思決定者に提供する上で重要な役割を果たしている。

Suggested Citation

  • Hans Westlund & Kamila Borsekova, 2023. "Rural problems, policies and possibilities in a post‐urban world," Regional Science Policy & Practice, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 15(4), pages 717-728, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:bla:rgscpp:v:15:y:2023:i:4:p:717-728
    DOI: 10.1111/rsp3.12664
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    References listed on IDEAS

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