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Government Subsidies

Author

Listed:
  • Gerd Schwartz
  • Benedict Clements
Abstract
This paper addresses the problems of defining and measuring government subsidies, examines why and how government subsidies are used as a fiscal policy tool, discusses their general economic effects in terms of real welfare costs and distributional implications, appraises international empirical evidence on government subsidies, and offers options for their reform. Recent international trends in government subsidy expenditure are analyzed for the 16‐year period from 1975 to 1990, using general government subsidy data for 60 countries from the United Nations’ System of National Accounts (SNA). The paper reviews major policy options for subsidy reform, focusing on ways to improve the cost‐effectiveness of subsidy programs.

Suggested Citation

  • Gerd Schwartz & Benedict Clements, 1999. "Government Subsidies," Journal of Economic Surveys, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 13(2), pages 119-148, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:bla:jecsur:v:13:y:1999:i:2:p:119-148
    DOI: 10.1111/1467-6419.00079
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Qiao, Lu & Fei, Junjun, 2022. "Government subsidies, enterprise operating efficiency, and “stiff but deathless” zombie firms," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 107(C).
    2. Ackerschott, Adriana & Kohlhase, Esther & Vollmer, Anita & Hörisch, Jacob & von Wehrden, Henrik, 2023. "Steering of land use in the context of sustainable development: A systematic review of economic instruments," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 129(C).
    3. Barbosa, Luciana & Rodrigues, Artur & Sardinha, Alberto, 2022. "Optimal price subsidies under uncertainty," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 303(1), pages 471-479.
    4. Mehta, Tarun & Sarangi, Gopal K., 2022. "Is the electricity cross-subsidization policy in India caught between a rock and a hard place? An empirical investigation," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 169(C).
    5. Ting Feng & Zhongyi Xue, 2023. "The impact of government subsidies on corporate resilience: evidence from the COVID-19 shock," Economic Change and Restructuring, Springer, vol. 56(6), pages 4199-4221, December.
    6. Branstetter, Lee G. & Li, Guangwei & Ren, Mengjia, 2023. "Picking winners? Government subsidies and firm productivity in China," Journal of Comparative Economics, Elsevier, vol. 51(4), pages 1186-1199.
    7. Wu, Lichao & Wei, Yingqi & Wang, Chengang & McDonald, Frank & Han, Xia, 2022. "The importance of institutional and financial resources for export performance associated with technological innovation," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 185(C).
    8. Mr. Chandra Prakash Bhambhri & Mr. Parkash Chander, 2001. "Subsidy Reforms and Poverty Alleviation," IMF Working Papers 2001/126, International Monetary Fund.
    9. Lee, Jun Seop & Chung, Byung Do, 2022. "Effects of government subsidy programs on job creation for sustainable supply chain management," Socio-Economic Planning Sciences, Elsevier, vol. 82(PB).
    10. Wang, Zhongcheng & Li, Xinyue & Xue, Xinhong & Liu, Yahuan, 2022. "More government subsidies, more green innovation? The evidence from Chinese new energy vehicle enterprises," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 197(C), pages 11-21.
    11. Xie, En & Li, Fanshu & Wu, Zhan & Kumar, Vikas, 2024. "State ownership and Chinese private firms’ OFDI in developed economies," Journal of World Business, Elsevier, vol. 59(3).
    12. Han, Jixuan & Li, Tianshu & Philbin, Simon P., 2023. "Does low-carbon pilot policy in China improve corporate profitability? The role of innovation and subsidy," Innovation and Green Development, Elsevier, vol. 2(2).

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