[go: up one dir, main page]
IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/bla/coecpo/v41y2023i3p455-470.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

The community impact of school‐shootings on stress‐related emergency department visits

Author

Listed:
  • Kritee Gujral
  • Alice M. Ellyson
  • Ali Rowhani‐Rahbar
  • Frederick Rivara
Abstract
School‐shootings can enormously impact U.S. gun policy, but very little is known about the community mental health impact of school‐shootings. We used difference‐in‐differences and event study analyses to compare stress‐related ED visits in zip‐codes within 5 miles (exposed) and in zip‐codes 10–15 miles from (control) school‐shootings before and after school‐shootings using data from California, 2005–2011. School‐shootings and fatal school‐shootings were associated with annual increases of 0.7 and 1.5 stress‐related ED visits per 1000 people, increases of 7% and 14%, respectively, compared to pre‐shooting utilization. These previously unmeasured costs of school‐shootings reinforce calls to prevent gun violence, especially in schools.

Suggested Citation

  • Kritee Gujral & Alice M. Ellyson & Ali Rowhani‐Rahbar & Frederick Rivara, 2023. "The community impact of school‐shootings on stress‐related emergency department visits," Contemporary Economic Policy, Western Economic Association International, vol. 41(3), pages 455-470, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:bla:coecpo:v:41:y:2023:i:3:p:455-470
    DOI: 10.1111/coep.12603
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://doi.org/10.1111/coep.12603
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1111/coep.12603?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Maya Rossin-Slater & Molly Schnell & Hannes Schwandt & Sam Trejo & Lindsey Uniat, 2020. "Local exposure to school shootings and youth antidepressant use," Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol. 117(38), pages 23484-23489, September.
    2. Luca, Michael & Malhotra, Deepak & Poliquin, Christopher, 2020. "The impact of mass shootings on gun policy," Journal of Public Economics, Elsevier, vol. 181(C).
    3. Soni, Aparna & Tekin, Erdal, 2020. "How Do Mass Shootings Affect Community Wellbeing?," IZA Discussion Papers 13879, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    4. Dealy, Bern C. & Horn, Brady P. & Berrens, Robert P., 2017. "The impact of clandestine methamphetamine labs on property values: Discovery, decontamination and stigma," Journal of Urban Economics, Elsevier, vol. 99(C), pages 161-172.
    5. Cui, Lin & Walsh, Randall, 2015. "Foreclosure, vacancy and crime," Journal of Urban Economics, Elsevier, vol. 87(C), pages 72-84.
    6. Sun, Liyang & Abraham, Sarah, 2021. "Estimating dynamic treatment effects in event studies with heterogeneous treatment effects," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 225(2), pages 175-199.
    7. Margaret Weden & Christine Peterson & Jeremy Miles & Regina Shih, 2015. "Evaluating Linearly Interpolated Intercensal Estimates of Demographic and Socioeconomic Characteristics of U.S. Counties and Census Tracts 2001–2009," Population Research and Policy Review, Springer;Southern Demographic Association (SDA), vol. 34(4), pages 541-559, August.
    8. Callaway, Brantly & Sant’Anna, Pedro H.C., 2021. "Difference-in-Differences with multiple time periods," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 225(2), pages 200-230.
    9. Cassandra Crifasi, 2018. "Gun Policy in the United States: Evidence-Based Strategies to Reduce Gun Violence," Applied Health Economics and Health Policy, Springer, vol. 16(5), pages 579-581, October.
    10. Phillip B. Levine & Robin McKnight, 2020. "Exposure to a School Shooting and Subsequent Well-Being," NBER Working Papers 28307, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    11. Arindrajit Dube & T. William Lester & Michael Reich, 2010. "Minimum Wage Effects Across State Borders: Estimates Using Contiguous Counties," The Review of Economics and Statistics, MIT Press, vol. 92(4), pages 945-964, November.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Gunadi, Christian, 2021. "On the Tragedy of Mass Shooting: the Crime Effects," GLO Discussion Paper Series 951, Global Labor Organization (GLO).
    2. Brülhart, Marius & Klinke, Gian-Paolo & Marcucci, Andrea & Rohner, Dominic & Thoenig, Mathias, 2023. "Price and Prejudice: Housing Rents Reveal Racial Animus," CEPR Discussion Papers 18050, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers.
    3. Cabral, Marika & Kim, Bokyung & Rossin-Slater, Maya & Schnell, Molly & Schwandt, Hannes, 2020. "Trauma at School: The Impacts of Shootings on Students' Human Capital and Economic Outcomes," IZA Discussion Papers 13998, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    4. Bruno Ferman, 2023. "Inference in difference‐in‐differences: How much should we trust in independent clusters?," Journal of Applied Econometrics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 38(3), pages 358-369, April.
    5. Arold, W. Benjamin & Woessmann, Ludger & Zierow, Larissa, 2022. "Can Schools Change Religious Attitudes? Evidence from German State Reforms of Compulsory Religious Education," IZA Discussion Papers 14989, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    6. Arindrajit Dube & Michael Reich & Akash Bhatt & Denis Sosinskiy, 2024. "Restaurant Employment, Minimum Wages, and Border Discontinuities," NBER Working Papers 32902, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    7. Arold, Benjamin W. & Woessmann, Ludger & Zierow, Larissa, 2024. "Can Schools Change Religious Attitudes? Evidence from German State Reforms of Compulsory Religious Education," CAGE Online Working Paper Series 732, Competitive Advantage in the Global Economy (CAGE).
    8. Rakesh Banerjee & Tushar Bharati, 2020. "Mass shootings and Infant Health in the United States," Economics Discussion / Working Papers 20-16, The University of Western Australia, Department of Economics.
    9. Richard V. Burkhauser & Drew McNichols & Joseph J. Sabia, 2023. "Minimum Wages and Poverty: New Evidence from Dynamic Difference-in-Differences Estimates," NBER Working Papers 31182, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    10. Ngoc Dao, 2024. "Does a requirement to offer retirement plans help low‐income workers save for retirement? Early evidence from the OregonSaves program," Contemporary Economic Policy, Western Economic Association International, vol. 42(3), pages 524-543, July.
    11. Fone, Zachary S. & Sabia, Joseph J. & Cesur, Resul, 2023. "The unintended effects of minimum wage increases on crime," Journal of Public Economics, Elsevier, vol. 219(C).
    12. Cunningham, Jamein & Feir, Donn. L. & Gillezeau, Rob, 2021. "Collective Bargaining Rights, Policing, and Civilian Deaths," IZA Discussion Papers 14208, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    13. Hampton, Matt & Totty, Evan, 2023. "Minimum wages, retirement timing, and labor supply," Journal of Public Economics, Elsevier, vol. 224(C).
    14. Bas Scheer & Wiljan van den Berge & Maarten Goos & Alan Manning & Anna Salomons, 2022. "Alternative Work Arrangements and Worker Outcomes: Evidence from Payrolling," CPB Discussion Paper 435, CPB Netherlands Bureau for Economic Policy Analysis.
    15. Mac Clay, Pablo & Börner, Jan & Sellare, Jorge, 2023. "Institutional and macroeconomic stability mediate the effect of auctions on renewable energy capacity," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 180(C).
    16. Alex Hollingsworth & Krzysztof Karbownik & Melissa A. Thomasson & Anthony Wray, 2024. "The Gift of a Lifetime: The Hospital, Modern Medicine, and Mortality," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 114(7), pages 2201-2238, July.
    17. Catalina Amuedo‐Dorantes & Francisca M. Antman, 2022. "De facto immigration enforcement, ICE raid awareness, and worker engagement," Economic Inquiry, Western Economic Association International, vol. 60(1), pages 373-391, January.
    18. Anderson, D. Mark & Liang, Yang & Sabia, Joseph J., 2022. "Mandatory Seatbelt Laws and Traffic Fatalities: A Reassessment," IZA Discussion Papers 15843, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    19. Binelli, Chiara & Comi, Simona & Meschi, Elena & Pagani, Laura, 2024. "Every cloud has a silver lining: The role of study time and class recordings on university students’ performance during COVID-19," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 225(C), pages 305-328.
    20. Stefan Bauernschuster & Michael Grimm & Cathy M. Hajo, 2023. "The Impact of Margaret Sanger’s Birth Control Clinics on Early 20th Century U.S. Fertility and Mortality," CESifo Working Paper Series 10421, CESifo.

    More about this item

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:bla:coecpo:v:41:y:2023:i:3:p:455-470. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Wiley Content Delivery (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://edirc.repec.org/data/weaaaea.html .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.